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词条 Pirate Party (Iceland)
释义

  1. History

  2. Recent issue stances

     European Union  Edward Snowden 

  3. Electoral results

     Parliament  Municipalities  Akureyri Town  Árborg Municipality  Hafnarfjordur Town  Kopavogur Town  Mosfellsbær Town  Reykjanes Town  Reykjavik City 

  4. Notes

  5. References

  6. External links

{{Infobox Icelandic political party
|name = Pirate Party
|native_name = Píratar
|logo =
|colourcode = {{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}
|founder = {{unbulleted list|Birgitta Jónsdóttir|Eva Lind Þuríðardóttir|Helgi Hrafn Gunnarsson|Jón Þór Ólafsson|Smári McCarthy|Björn Þór Jóhannesson|Jason Scott Katz}}
|vice-chairperson =
|leader1_title = Chairperson
|leader1_name = Halldóra Mogensen{{refn|group=n|The Pirate Party rejects the regular leadership model. Their formal chairperson for the 2017-18 period is Halldóra Mogensen}}
|leader_title =
|leader2_name =
|leader3_title =
|leader3_name =
|slogan =
|founded = 24 November 2012
|headquarters = Síðumúli 23, 108 Reykjavík
|student_wing =
|youth_wing = Ungir Piratar
|membership_year = 2015
|membership = 1,443[1]
|ideology = {{unbulleted list|Pirate politics[2]|Direct democracy[2][2]|Transparency[2]}}
|position = Syncretic
|national =
|international =
|european = European Pirate Party
|colours = {{Color box|{{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} {{Color box|#000000|border=darkgray}}
Purple and Black
|seats = {{Composition bar|6|63|hex={{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}}}
|symbol = P
|flag =
|website = {{URL|piratar.is}}
|footnotes =
}}

The Pirate Party (Icelandic: Píratar) is a political party in Iceland. The party's platform is based on pirate politics and direct democracy.[3][2]

History

The Icelandic Pirate Party was founded on 24 November 2012 by Birgitta Jónsdóttir (previously a member of the Movement) and several Internet activists, including Smári McCarthy.[3][4][5][6]

The party successfully applied for the ballot list letter Þ (resembling the party's logo) in order to run in the 2013 election. In July 2016 the party requested and was issued the letter P for future elections.

In their first electoral participation, at the 2013 parliamentary election, the Pirate Party won 5.1% of the votes, just above the 5% threshold required to win representation in the Althing.[3] The three members elected, Birgitta Jónsdóttir, Helgi Hrafn Gunnarsson and Jón Þór Ólafsson, were the first pirates elected to any national legislature in the world.[7][8]

Following the Charlie Hebdo shooting on 7 January 2015, the Pirate Party began a campaign to repeal Iceland's blasphemy laws. The laws, which had been introduced in 1940, were successfully repealed in early July 2015. The repeal, introduced by the Pirate Party, read: "Freedom of expression is one of the cornerstones of democracy. It is fundamental to a free society that people should be able to express themselves without fear of punishment, whether from the authorities or from other people."[9] During the vote on the repeal, the three Pirate Party members of the Althing stood and declared "Je suis Charlie", in solidarity with the French satirical magazine.[10]

For around a year from April 2015 to April 2016, the party consistently topped polling for the next Icelandic parliamentary election in 2016, with support roughly equal to the Independence Party and the Progressive Party combined, who are currently partners in a coalition government.[11][12][13]

An MMR opinion poll published in January 2016 put their public support at 37.8%, significantly above that of all other Icelandic political parties.[14]

In April 2016 public protests about the Prime Minister's role in the Panama Papers brought out a significant percentage of the whole population, and may have been among "the largest demonstrations of any kind, in any country, ever (proportionately speaking)".[15] In the wake of the Panama Papers scandal, polls in April 2016 showed the Pirate Party at 43% and the Independence Party at 21.6%.[16]

A poll by the Social Science Research Institute of the University of Iceland with data from 14{{ndash}}19 October 2016 put the Pirate Party in first place in the general election on the 29 October 2016 with 22.6% of the vote.[17]

In the 29 October 2016 elections, the Pirate Party won 10 seats with 14.5% of the votes in Parliament, up from 3 seats.[18]

Recent issue stances

European Union

{{Main article|Accession of Iceland to the European Union}}

The party has not officially taken a position in favour of or against Iceland's accession to the European Union. The party has however concluded the following in a party policy on the European Union:[19]

  • Iceland must never become a member of the European Union unless the membership agreement is put to a referendum after having been presented to the nation in an impartial manner.
  • Should Iceland join the European Union, the country shall be a single constituency in elections to the European Parliament.
  • Should Iceland join the European Union, Icelandic shall be one of its official languages.
  • If negotiations on the accession of Iceland to the European Union halt, or membership is rejected by either party, a review of the agreement on the European Economic Area must be sought, to better ensure Iceland's self-determination. It is unacceptable that Iceland need to take up large part of European legislation through a business agreement without getting representatives or audience.
  • The conditions of Pirates for Iceland's membership to the European Union are that Iceland be exempt from adopting the Data Retention Directive (2006/24/EC – declared invalid by the European Court of Justice in April 2014[20]) and the regulation regarding enforcement of uncontested claims (1869/2005/EC), which would otherwise defy fundamental human rights.

Edward Snowden

{{Main article|Edward Snowden}}{{Further information|Global surveillance disclosure}}

On 4 July 2013, a bill was introduced in parliament that would, if passed, immediately grant Edward Snowden Icelandic citizenship. The proposer of the bill was Helgi Hrafn Gunnarsson (Pirate Party) and it was co-sponsored by the other Pirate Party parliament members, Ögmundur Jónasson (Left-Green Movement), Páll Valur Björnsson (Bright Future) and Helgi Hjörvar (Social Democratic Alliance).[21][22][23][24] A vote was taken to determine whether the bill would be put on parliament's agenda but it did not receive enough support.

Electoral results

Parliament

ElectionVotes%Seats+/–PositionGovernment
20139,6475.103|63|hex={{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}}}{{Steady}} 3{{Steady}} 6thOpposition}}
2016 27,449 14.4810|63|hex={{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}}}{{Increase}} 7{{Increase}} 3rdOpposition}}
201718,0519.206|63|hex={{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}}}{{decrease}} 4{{decrease}} 6thOpposition}}

Municipalities

Akureyri Town

Election# of
overall votes		% of
overall vote		# of
overall seats won		+/–PositionCouncil
2018{{Steady}} 377{{Steady}} 4.30|11|hex={{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}}}{{Steady}} 0{{Steady}} 7thOutside

Árborg Municipality

Election# of
overall votes		% of
overall vote		# of
overall seats won		+/–PositionCouncil
20181{{Steady}} 376{{Steady}} 8.51|9|hex={{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}}}{{Steady}} 0{{Steady}} 5thCoalition}}
1 Áfram Árborg, joint candidature with Reform Party.

Hafnarfjordur Town

Election# of
overall votes		% of
overall vote		# of
overall seats won		+/–PositionCouncil
2018{{Steady}} 754{{Steady}} 6.700|11|hex={{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}}}{{Steady}} 0{{Steady}} 8thOutside

Kopavogur Town

Election# of
overall votes		% of
overall vote		# of
overall seats won		+/–PositionCouncil
2014{{Steady}} 554{{Steady}} 4.040|11|hex={{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}}}{{Steady}} 0{{Steady}} 6thOutside
2018{{Increase}} 1080{{Increase}} 6.81|11|hex={{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}}}{{Increase}} 1{{Increase}} 5thOpposition}}

Mosfellsbær Town

Election# of
overall votes		% of
overall vote		# of
overall seats won		+/–PositionCouncil
20181{{Steady}} 369{{Steady}} 7.90|9|hex={{#DF7401}}}}{{Steady}} 0{{Steady}} 7thOutside
1 Joint candidature with Íbúahreyfingin.

Reykjanes Town

Election# of
overall votes		% of
overall vote		# of
overall seats won		+/–PositionCouncil
2014{{Steady}} 173{{Steady}} 2.480|11|hex={{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}}}{{Steady}} 0{{Steady}} 6thOutside
2014{{Increase}} 380{{Increase}} 6.00|11|hex={{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}}}{{Steady}} 0{{Decrease}} 7thOutside

Reykjavik City

The currently elected representatives are Dóra Björt Guðjónsdóttir and Sigurborg Ósk Haraldsdóttir.

Election# of
overall votes		% of
overall vote		# of
overall seats won		+/–PositionCouncil
2014{{Steady}} 3,238{{Steady}} 5.931|15|hex={{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}}}{{Steady}} 1{{Steady}} 6thCoalition}}
2018{{Increase}} 4,556{{Increase}} 7.72|23|hex={{Pirate Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}}}{{Increase}} 1{{Increase}} 4thCoalition}}

Notes

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://visir.is/piratar-hafa-ekki-undan-fjolda-nyskraninga/article/2015150419982|title=Píratar hafa ekki undan fjölda nýskráninga|author=Samúel Karl Ólason|date=10 April 2015|work=visir.is|accessdate=12 April 2016}}
2. ^1 2 {{Cite web|url=http://parties-and-elections.eu/iceland.html|title=Iceland|website=Parties and Elections in Europe|last=Nordsieck|first=Wolfram|date=2017|access-date=2018-04-25}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|editor=Tom Lansford|title=Political Handbook of the World 2015|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yNGfBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT2684|year=2015|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-1-4833-7155-9|page=2684}}
4. ^{{Cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-iceland-election-idUKKCN11Z1RV|title=Iceland's Pirates head for power on wave of public anger|last=Jacobsen|first=Stine|newspaper=Reuters UK|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-10-31}}
5. ^{{Cite news|title = Iceland has a Pirate Party|author = Andrew Reitemeyer|url = http://piratetimes.net/iceland-has-a-pirate-party/|publisher = Pirate Times|location = Reykjavik, Iceland|date = 25 November 2012|accessdate = 2 May 2013}}
6. ^{{Cite news|title = Píratar halda stofnfund|url = http://www.mbl.is/frettir/innlent/2012/11/24/piratar_halda_stofnfund/|publisher = Árvakur hf.|location = Reykjavik, Iceland|date = 24 November 2012|accessdate = 3 March 2013|language = Icelandic|trans-title = Pirate Party holds an establishment meeting}}
7. ^{{cite news|last1=Steadman|first1=Ian|title=Iceland's Pirate Party scrapes in at national elections|url=https://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2013-04/29/pirate-party-victory|accessdate=24 December 2015|work=Wired UK|date=29 April 2013}}
8. ^{{cite book|author=Eirikur Bergmann|title=Iceland and the International Financial Crisis: Boom, Bust and Recovery|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7C_FAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA174|year=2014|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK|isbn=978-1-137-33200-4|page=174}}
9. ^{{cite news|last1=Rawlinson|first1=Kevin|title=Iceland repeals blasphemy ban after Pirate party campaign|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/03/iceland-repeals-blasphemy-law-pirate-party-campaign|accessdate=30 October 2015|work=The Guardian|date=3 July 2015}}
10. ^{{cite news|last1=Neuman|first1=Scott|title=Iceland's Pirate Party Wins Repeal Of Blasphemy Law|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/07/03/419803189/icelands-pirate-party-wins-repeal-of-blasphemy-law|accessdate=30 October 2015|work=National Public Radio|date=3 July 2015}}
11. ^{{cite news|last1=Ward|first1=Alexander|title=Pirate Party surges in polls to become biggest political party in Iceland|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/pirate-party-surges-in-polls-to-become-biggest-political-party-in-iceland-10222018.html|accessdate=30 October 2015|work=The Independent|date=3 May 2015}}
12. ^{{cite news|last1=Roberts|first1=Zoe|title=Pirates Largest Party Fourth Month in Row|url=http://icelandreview.com/news/2015/08/04/pirates-largest-party-fourth-month-row|accessdate=30 October 2015|work=Iceland Review|date=4 August 2015}}
13. ^{{cite news|last1=Van der Sar|first1=Ernesto|title=Pirate Party Beats Iceland's Government Coalition in the Polls|url=https://torrentfreak.com/pirate-party-beats-icelands-government-coalition-in-the-polls-151023/|accessdate=30 October 2015|work=TorrentFreak|date=23 October 2015}}
14. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/iceland-pirate-party-takes-big-lead-in-polls-ahead-of-election-next-year-a6834366.html |title=Iceland's Pirate Party takes big lead in polls ahead of election next year |work=The Independent |date=26 January 2016 |accessdate=26 January 2016}}
15. ^{{cite web|author=Cory Doctorow |url=https://boingboing.net/2016/04/07/fearing-the-pirate-party-icel.html |title=Fearing the Pirate Party, Iceland's government scrambles to avoid elections |work=Boing Boing |date=2016-04-07 |accessdate=2016-08-14}}
16. ^{{cite news|last1=Björnsson|first1=Anna Margrét|title=Almost half of Icelandic nation now want the Pirate Party|url=http://icelandmonitor.mbl.is/news/politics_and_society/2016/04/06/almost_half_of_icelandic_nation_now_want_the_pirate/|accessdate=6 April 2016|work=Iceland Monitor|date=6 April 2016}}
17. ^{{Cite news|url=http://icelandmonitor.mbl.is/news/politics_and_society/2016/10/21/new_poll_puts_pirates_back_on_course_to_win_iceland/|title=New poll puts Pirates back on course to win Iceland elections|work=Iceland Monitor|access-date=2016-10-23}}
18. ^[https://www.adn.com/arctic/2016/10/31/icelands-prime-minister-resigns-after-pirate-party-makes-strong-gains/ Iceland’s prime minister resigns, after Pirate Party makes strong gains] Alaska News, 1 November 2016. Retrieved 3 November 2016
19. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.piratar.is/stefnumal/evropusambandid/|title = Evrópusambandið|accessdate = 22 December 2013|publisher = Pirate Party Iceland|year = 2013|language = Icelandic|quote = Það er ekki hlutverk stjórnmálaflokka að taka afstöðu með eða á móti aðild en aftur á móti eiga þeir að vera undirbúnir undir hvora niðurstöðuna sem er.}}
20. ^{{cite press release|url=http://curia.europa.eu/jcms/upload/docs/application/pdf/2014-04/cp140054en.pdf|title=The Court of Justice declares the Data Retention Directive to be invalid|publisher=Court of Justice of the European Union|author=|date=8 April 2014|location=Luxembourg}}
21. ^{{Cite news|title = Snowden-frumvarp lagt fram á Alþingi|author = Boði Logason|url = http://visir.is/snowden-frumvarp-lagt-fram-a-althingi/article/2013130709573|publisher = 365|location = Reykjavik, Iceland|date = 4 July 2013|accessdate = 4 July 2013|language = Icelandic|trans-title = Snowden-bill introduced in Althing|quote = Helgi Hrafn Gunnarsson, Birgitta Jónsdóttir og Jón Þór Ólafsson þingmenn Pírata, Ögmundur Jónasson þingmaður Vinstri grænna, Páll Valur Björnsson þingmaður Bjartrar framtíðar og Helgi Hjörvar þingmaður Samfylkingarinnar hafa lagt fram frumvarp á Alþingi um að bandaríska uppljóstraranum Edward Snowden verði tafarlaust veittur íslenskur ríkisborgararéttur.}}
22. ^{{Cite news|title = Vilja gera Snowden að íslenskum ríkisborgara|url = http://www.mbl.is/frettir/innlent/2013/07/04/snowden_verdi_islenskur_rikisborgari/|publisher = Árvakur hf.|location = Reykjavik, Iceland|date = 4 July 2013|accessdate = 4 July 2013|language = Icelandic|trans-title = Want to make Snowden an Icelandic citizen|quote = Fyrsti flutningsmaður er Helgi Hrafn Gunnarsson, þingmaður Pírata, en meðflutningsmenn eru samflokksmenn hans Birgitta Jónsdóttir og Jón Þór Ólafsson ásamt Ögmundi Jónassyni, þingmanni Vinstrihreyfingarinnar - græns framboðs, Helga Hjörvar, þingmanni Samfylkingarinnar, og Páli Val Björnssyni, þingmann Bjartrar framtíðar.}}
23. ^{{Cite news|title = Fær mögulega ríkisborgararétt|url = http://www.dv.is/frettir/2013/7/4/faer-mogulega-rikisborgararett/|publisher = DV ehf.|location = Reykjavik, Iceland|date = 4 July 2013|accessdate = 4 July 2013|language = Icelandic|trans-title = Receives possibly Icelandic citizenship|quote = Helgi Hrafn Gunnarsson, Birgitta Jónsdóttir, Jón Þór Ólafsson, Ögmundur Jónasson, Páll Valur Björnsson og Helgi Hjörvar eru flutningsmenn frumvarpsins. Allir þingmenn Pírata eru flutningsmenn frumvarpsins enda eðlilegt í ljósi þess að samtökin Wikileaks hafa aðstoðað Snowden frá því að hann kom fram.}}
24. ^{{Cite news|title = Snowden-frumvarp lagt fram á þingi|url = http://eyjan.pressan.is/frettir/2013/07/04/snowden-frumvarp-lagt-fram-a-thingi/|publisher = Eyjan Media ehf.|location = Kopavogur, Iceland|date = 4 July 2013|accessdate = 4 July 2013|language = Icelandic|trans-title = Snowden-bill introduced in parliament|quote = Að frumvarpinu standa Píratarnir Helgi Hrafn Gunnarsson, Birgitta Jónsdóttir og Jón Þór Ólafsson, Ögmundur Jónasson, VG, Páll Valur Björnsson, Bjartri Framtíð og Helgi Hjörvar, Samfylkingunni.}}

References

{{Reflist|2}}

External links

  • Official website in Icelandic: https://piratar.is
  • Official website in English: https://piratar.is/english/
  • Manifesto for 2016 parliamentary elections in Iceland: http://piratar.is/en/election-manifesto-2016/
  • {{cite web | url=http://icelandmonitor.mbl.is/news/politics_and_society/2016/03/09/politics_in_iceland_a_beginner_s_guide/ | title=Politics in Iceland: A beginner’s guide | publisher=Iceland Monitor | date=9 March 2016 | accessdate=30 October 2016 | author=Gittins, Charles}}
{{Parties of Iceland}}{{Pirate Party}}

5 : 2012 establishments in Iceland|Pirate parties|Political parties established in 2012|Political parties in Iceland|Direct democracy parties
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