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词条 Reserve Fleet (United Kingdom)
释义

  1. History

  2. Vice-Admirals commanding

  3. Flag Officers commanding

     Reserve divisions under Admiral Commanding, Reserve Fleet  Portsmouth Division  Rear Admiral Commanding Portsmouth Reserve  Devonport Division  Rear Admiral Commanding Devonport Reserve  Nore Division  Rear Admiral Commanding Nore Reserve  Captain Commanding Nore Reserve  Rosyth Division  Vice-Admiral/Rear Admiral Commanding Rosyth Reserve  Portland Division  Rear Admiral Commanding Portland Reserve  Vice-Admiral Reserve Fleet destroyers 

  4. References

  5. Sources

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The Reserve Fleet was a Royal Navy formation of decommissioned vessels which could be brought to a state of readiness at time of war.

History

In the early years of the 18th century ships were "laid up in ordinary" at various British naval bases so establishing the Reserve Fleet as a repository for serviceable but decommissioned ships.[1]

The Reserve Fleet was brought to readiness for the First World War.[2] It continued to exist in the inter-war years but in 1930 the Admiralty reduced it in size on the basis that war was unlikely in the ensuing 10 years.[3] At the start of the Second World War the Reserve Fleet, under the command of Vice Admiral Sir Max Horton,[4] was again brought to a state of readiness.[5] Some 15,000 men were called up in May 1939 to man the Reserve Fleet which became ready for service on 15 June 1939.[6] During the 1950s ships were regularly 'cocooned' for the Reserve Fleet[7] and it ceased to exist in 1960.[8]

Vice-Admirals commanding

Admirals commanding included:[9]

  • 1919–1920 Vice-Admiral Sir Henry Oliver
  • 1920–1922 Vice-Admiral Sir Richard Phillimore
  • 1922–1923 Vice-Admiral Sir Douglas Nicholson
  • 1923–1924 Vice-Admiral Sir William Goodenough
  • 1924–1926 Vice-Admiral Sir Victor Stanley
  • Mar – Oct 1926 Vice-Admiral Sir Rudolph Bentinck
  • 1926–1928 Vice-Admiral Sir Hugh Watson
  • 1928–1929 Vice-Admiral Sir William Boyle
  • 1929–1930 Vice-Admiral Percival Hall-Thompson
  • 1930–1932 Vice-Admiral Sir Frank Larken
  • 1932–1934 Vice-Admiral Sir William Kerr
  • 1934–1935 Vice-Admiral Edward Astley-Rushton
  • 1935–1937 Vice-Admiral Sir Gerald Dickens
  • 1937–1939 Vice Admiral Sir Max Horton
command then disbanded until 1944

Flag Officers commanding

Included:[10]

  • 1944–1945 Rear-Admiral Charles Harris
  • 1945–1947 Rear-Admiral Leslie Ashmore
  • 1947–1948 Rear-Admiral Reginald Servaes
  • 1948–1951 Vice-Admiral Sir Robin Bridge
  • 1951–1953 Vice-Admiral Sir Henry McCall
  • 1953–1954 Vice-Admiral Sir Ian Campbell
  • 1954–1955 Vice-Admiral Sir John Eaton
  • 1955–1956 Vice-Admiral Sir Peter Cazalet
  • 1956–1958 Vice-Admiral Sir Richard Onslow
  • 1958–1959 Vice-Admiral Sir Guy Sayer
  • 1959–1960 Rear-Admiral John Grant

Reserve divisions under Admiral Commanding, Reserve Fleet

Subordinate officers included[11][12]

Portsmouth Division

Rear Admiral Commanding Portsmouth Reserve
  • Rear-Admiral Edward F. Bruen, 1 February 1919 – 23 April 1919
  • Rear-Admiral Cole C. Fowler, 23 April 1919 – 23 April 1920
  • Rear-Admiral Clement Greatorex, 23 April 1920 – 1 October 1921
  • Rear-Admiral Edmond H. Parker, 1 October 1921

Devonport Division

Rear Admiral Commanding Devonport Reserve
  • Rear-Admiral Douglas R. L. Nicholson, 1 February 1919 – 18 March 1919
  • Rear-Admiral James A. Fergusson, 18 March 1919 – 9 April 1919
  • Rear-Admiral Maurice Woollcombe, 9 April 1919 – 9 April 1920
  • Rear-Admiral Philip H. Colomb, 9 April 1920
  • Rear-Admiral Charles D. Johnson, 9 April 1921
Captain Commanding
  • Captain Alfred A. Ellison, 16 May 1922 – 1 November 1922
  • Captain Rowland H. Bather, 15 April 1922 – 1 July 1922 (temporary)
  • Captain John E. Cameron, 1 November 1922 – April, 1924
  • Captain Herbert A. Buchanan-Wollaston, 25 July 1927 – 17 April 1928
  • Captain Edward B. Cloete, 3 November 1929 – 4 May 1931

Nore Division

Rear Admiral Commanding Nore Reserve
  • Rear-Admiral A. Thomas Hunt, 1 February 1919 – 8 March 1919
  • Rear-Admiral Henry L. Mawbey, 17 March 1919 – 17 March 1920
  • Rear-Admiral Vivian H. G. Bernard, 17 March 1920 – 17 March 1921
  • Rear-Admiral William J. S. Alderson, 17 March 1921 – 15 April 1922
Captain Commanding Nore Reserve
  • Captain Lawrence W. Braithwaite, 24 April 1925 – 17 August 1926
  • Captain Arthur L. Snagge, c. 1927
  • Captain Claude C. Dobson, 17 October 1931 – 17 October 1933
  • Captain Richard M. King, 17 October 1933 – 16 January 1935 (and as Captain of Cardiff)
  • Captain Hamilton C. Allen, 16 January 1935 – 24 July 1935
  • Captain John H. Young, 1 October 1935 – 1 September 1936

Rosyth Division

Vice-Admiral/Rear Admiral Commanding Rosyth Reserve
  • Vice-Admiral Sir Trevylyan D. W. Napier, 1 February 1919 – 1 May 1919
  • Rear-Admiral Charles F. Corbett, 1 May 1919 – 1 May 1920
  • Rear-Admiral Crawford Maclachlan, 1 May 1920
  • Captain Henry P. Boxer, 28 January 1937 – 1 June 1938

Portland Division

Rear Admiral Commanding Portland Reserve
  • Rear-Admiral Sir Douglas R. L. Nicholson, 1 November 1919 – 1 April 1920

Vice-Admiral Reserve Fleet destroyers

Vice-Admiral Commanding
  • Vice-Admiral Sir R. H. T. Balkes (1939-1945) (retired)

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0WEIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA420&lpg=PA420&dq=%22ships+laid+up+in+ordinary%22&source=bl&ots=MIcPbN4OHs&sig=LTb8ivPwlWaFMoNwGF3B_3yDhiU&hl=en&sa=X&ei=7dv4VL3fLsbjavnkgPgO&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22ships%20laid%20up%20in%20ordinary%22&f=false|title=The Guide to Knowledge, Volume 1|first=William|last=Pinnock|page=420|publisher=Rare Books Club|year= 2012|isbn=978-1153734462}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://royalnavy.mod.uk/server/show/nav.3882|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20081120170436/royalnavy.mod.uk/server/show/nav.3882|dead-url=yes|archive-date=20 November 2008|title=Admiral of the Fleet Sir John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher of Kilverstone 1841–1920|publisher=National Archives|accessdate=23 September 2012}}
3. ^Moretz, p. 82
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_navy/reserve-fleet.html|title=Reserve Fleet|publisher=Orbat|accessdate=23 September 2012}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.britishpathe.com/video/britains-reserve-fleet|title=Britain's Reserve Fleet 1939|publisher=British Pathe|accessdate=23 September 2012}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-RN-I/UK-RN-I-2.html|title=Maritime War-The British Shore Organisation|publisher=The War at Sea|accessdate=23 September 2012}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.britishpathe.com/video/reserve-fleet|title=Reserve Fleet 1950|publisher=British Pathe|accessdate=23 September 2012}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://fortships.tripod.com/Royal%20Navy.htm|title=Royal Navy Maintenance and Supply Ships|publisher=Royal Navy Ships|accessdate=23 September 2012}}
9. ^Senior Royal Navy Appointments {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315105247/http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Senior%20Royal%20Navy%20Appointments%201900-.pdf |date=15 March 2012 }}
10. ^{{cite web|title=Naval Commands and Flag Officers (Hansard, 10 April 1946)|url=http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1946/apr/10/naval-commands-and-flag-officers|website=hansard.millbanksystems.com|publisher=Hansard, vol 421 cc1897-9|accessdate=15 February 2018}}
11. ^{{cite web|last1=Harley|first1=Simon|last2=Lovell|first2=Tony|title=Reserve Fleet (Royal Navy)|url=http://www.dreadnoughtproject.org/tfs/index.php/Reserve_Fleet_(Royal_Navy)|website=dreadnoughtproject.org|publisher=The Dreadnought Project.Org, 5 September 2016|accessdate=1 November 2016}}
12. ^{{cite web|last1=Mackie|first1=Colin|title=Royal Navy Senior Appointments from 1865|url=http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Senior%20Royal%20Navy%20Appointments%201865-.pdf|website=gulabin.com|publisher=Colin Mackie, pp.143-144, December 2017|accessdate=29 December 2017}}

Sources

  • {{cite book|last=Moretz|first=Joseph|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FviiDAlhy8cC&pg=PA82&lpg=PA82&dq=%22Reserve+Fleet%22+Royal+Navy&source=bl&ots=fwfZYHALFk&sig=kyPmzKNLVdt7Wf6uEwd4xMEkmKQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=6gJfUJCLCqem0QXqj4GIBg&ved=0CEgQ6AEwCDgo#v=onepage&q=%22Reserve%20Fleet%22%20Royal%20Navy&f=false|title=The Royal Navy and the Capital Ship in the Interwar Period: An Operational Perspective|publisher=Routledge|year=2002|isbn=978-0714651965}}
{{Admiralty Department|state=collapsed}}{{Royal Navy fleets}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}

4 : Fleets of the Royal Navy|Military units and formations of the Royal Navy in World War I|Military units and formations of the Royal Navy in World War II|Military units and formations disestablished in the 1960s
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