“Rhopalosiphum padi”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Rhopalosiphum padi

释义

Host plants and distribution
Natural enemies
References

{{Italic title}}{{Taxobox
| name = Bird cherry-oat aphid
| image =
| image_caption =
| regnum = Animalia
| phylum = Arthropoda
| classis = Insecta
| ordo = Hemiptera
| familia = Aphididae
| genus = Rhopalosiphum
| species = R. padi
| binomial = Rhopalosiphum padi
| binomial_authority = (Linnaeus, 1758)
| synonyms = *Aphis padi Linnaeus, 1758
}}

The Bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) is an aphid in the superfamily Aphidoidea in the order Hemiptera. It is a true bug and sucks sap from plants.^[1] It is often considered as a major pest in cereals in temperate cereal crops,^[2] and particularly in some Northern European countries.^[3] It is the principal vector of many viruses including the barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), the Cereal yellow dwarf virus–RPV, Filaree red leaf virus, Maize leaf fleck virus, and Rice giallume virus, as well as oat yellow leaf disease and the Onion yellow dwarf virus.^[2]

Host plants and distribution

As the name suggests, the primary host is Prunus padus, the Bird cherry tree where R. padi overwinters as eggs in Europe. In Northern America, it is found to overwinter on Prunus virginiana (common choke-cherry).^[2] At spring, it attacks all major cereals and pasture grasses and particularly barley, oats and wheat and other Gramineae members. It can also be found in maize. It has a worldwide distribution.

Natural enemies

A number of aphidophagous arthropods feed on R. padi and can reduce their population density. Because of R. padi's distribution at the basis of cereal stems, generalist predators such as carabids and spiders can reduce their population density.^[4] In addition, more specialist predators include adults and larvae of Coccinellids, hoverfly larvae and lacewing larvae, as well as adult parasitoid wasps in the subfamily Aphidiinae.

References

1. ^http://www7.inra.fr/hyppz/RAVAGEUR/6rhopad.htm
2. ^¹²{{Cite book|url=http://www.cabi.org/cabebooks/ebook/20073203983|title=Aphids as Crop Pests|editor-last=Van Emden|editor-first=Helmut Fritz|doi=10.1079/9780851998190.0000}}
3. ^{{Cite journal|last=Leather|first=S. R|last2=Walters|first2=K. F. A|last3=Dixon|first3=A. F. G|date=1989-09-01|title=Factors determining the pest status of the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalo-siphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in Europe: a study and review|url=http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0007485300018344|journal=Bulletin of Entomological Research|volume=79|issue=3|pages=345–360|doi=10.1017/S0007485300018344|issn=1475-2670}}
4. ^{{Cite journal|last=Chiverton|first=P.|date=1987|title=Predation of Rhopalosiphum padi (Homoptera: Aphididae) by polyphagous predatory arthropods during the aphids' pre-peak period in spring barley|url=|journal=Ann. Appl. Biol. |volume=111 |pages=257–269|doi=|pmid=|access-date=}}

http://aphid.aphidnet.org/Rhopalosiphum_padi.php
http://www.agroatlas.ru/en/content/pests/Rhopalosiphum_padi/
http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/chiljar/v71n3/at07.pdf
http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Rhopalosiphum_padi/classification/

5 : Aphids|Agricultural pest insects|Insects described in 1758|Hemiptera of Europe|Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus

随便看

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。