| 词条 | Rotonda della Besana |
| 释义 |
The Rotonda della Besana (also known as Rotonda di Via Besana or Complesso di San Michele ai Nuovi Sepolcri, and originally as Foppone[1] della Ca' Granda)[2] is a late baroque building complex and former cemetery in Milan, Italy, built between 1695 and 1732[2] and located close to the city center. The complex comprises a lobate hectagonal colonnade portico enclosing a garden and the deconsacrated church of San Michele ai Sepolcri ("Saint Michael by the Sepulchers").[3] The portico was designed by architects Francesco Croce and Carlo Raffaello Raffagno, while the church was designed by Attilio Arrigoni.[3] Although originally a cemetery, over time the Rotonda has been adapted for a number of other uses; today, it is a leisure area and a venue for cultural events. The complex covers an overall area of 7,100 m² and owes its current name to its location, at number 15 of Via Enrico Besana.[2] HistoryThe building was originally established to serve as a foppone (i.e., a cemetery for the poor)[1] for the Ospedale Maggiore (also known as the Ca' Granda, "Big House"), and hosted about 150,000 burials, placed in a complex system of underground catacombs (the catacombs are no longer accessible).[3][4] In 1787, under Austrian rule, cemeteries were moved outside the city walls, and the Rotonda cemetery was thus dismissed. Under Napoleonic rule, plans were made to redesign the Rotonda into a famedio (i.e., a honorific burial place) along the lines of the Panthéon in Paris, but these plans were later dismissed.[5] The Rotonda was thus adapted for a number of other uses, including as a stable and a barn.[4] In the 19th century it was returned to the Ospedale Maggiore, which used it as a cronicario (a shelter for the chronically sick)[2] and a laundry building.[4] The Ospedale eventually donated the structure to the Comune di Milano, in 1939. The Comune restored the complex and adapted it to serve as a green area and as a venue for cultural and social events.[2] {{Commons category|Rotonda della Besana (Milan)|Rotonda della Besana}}References1. ^1 The Milanese word foppone is an augmentative form of foppa, which means "hole" and also "grave". A foppone is thus a large hole, i.e., originally, a common burial, such as those established after the plague pandemics; the meaning was later generalized to that of "cemetery". See (in Italian). {{Milan landmarks}}2. ^1 2 3 {{it}} Giardino Rotonda della Besana 3. ^1 2 3 {{it}} La Rotonda della Besana, tempio della morte 4. ^1 2 {{it}} Rotonda della Besana 5. ^{{it}} Rotonda di Via Besana 6 : Roman Catholic churches in Milan|Baroque architecture in Milan|Cemeteries in Milan|Roman Catholic churches completed in 1732|Centralized-plan churches in Italy|18th-century Roman Catholic church buildings |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。