“Tarski monster group”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Tarski monster group

释义

Definition
Properties
References

{{About|the kind of infinite group known as a Tarski monster group|the largest of the sporadic simple groups| Monster group}}

In the area of modern algebra known as group theory, a Tarski monster group, named for Alfred Tarski, is an infinite group G, such that every proper subgroup H of G, other than the identity subgroup, is a cyclic group of order a fixed prime number p. A Tarski monster group is necessarily simple. It was shown by Alexander Yu. Olshanskii in 1979 that Tarski groups exist, and that there is a Tarski p-group for every prime p > 10⁷⁵. They are a source of counterexamples to conjectures in group theory, most importantly to Burnside's problem and the von Neumann conjecture.

Definition

Let be a fixed prime number. An infinite group is called a Tarski Monster group for if every nontrivial subgroup (i.e. every subgroup other than 1 and G itself) has elements.

Properties

is necessarily finitely generated. In fact it is generated by every two non-commuting elements.
is simple. If and is any subgroup distinct from the subgroup would have elements.
The construction of Olshanskii shows in fact that there are continuum-many non-isomorphic Tarski Monster groups for each prime .
Tarski monster groups are an example of non-amenable groups not containing a free subgroup.

References

A. Yu. Olshanskii, An infinite group with subgroups of prime orders, Math. USSR Izv. 16 (1981), 279–289; translation of Izvestia Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Matem. 44 (1980), 309–321.
A. Yu. Olshanskii, Groups of bounded period with subgroups of prime order, Algebra and Logic 21 (1983), 369–418; translation of Algebra i Logika 21 (1982), 553–618.
{{Citation | last1=Ol'shanskiĭ | first1=A. Yu. | title=Geometry of defining relations in groups | publisher=Kluwer Academic Publishers Group | location=Dordrecht | series=Mathematics and its Applications (Soviet Series) | isbn=978-0-7923-1394-6 | year=1991 | volume=70}}

2 : Infinite group theory|P-groups

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