| 词条 | Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Mission Indians |
| 释义 |
|group=Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Mission Indians Samala |total=154 enrolled members |total_ref=[1] |popplace={{Flag|United States}} ({{Flag|California}}) |rels= |langs=English,[2] historically Ineseño |related=other Chumash people }} The Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Mission Indians is a federally recognized tribe of Chumash, an indigenous people of California, in Santa Barbara.[3] Their name for themselves is Samala.[4] GovernmentThe Santa Ynez Band is headquartered in Santa Ynez, California. They are governed by a democratically elected, five-member tribal council. Their current tribal administration is as follows:
ReservationThe Santa Ynez Indian Reservation ({{coord|34|36|10|N|120|05|29|W|scale:25000_source:GNIS|display=inline}}) is the only Chumash reservation.[2] It was 127-acres large and was established on 27 December 1901.[3] Beginning in 1979, the tribe established a housing program and began improving the infrastructure on the reservation.[6] Samala Chumash languageThe last native speaker of the Samala Chumash language, also called Ineseño, died in 1965. As of 2010, there has been a renaissance of Chumash pride and identity, including efforts to revive Samala and other Chumash languages. In the early 1900s linguist/ethnographer John P. Harrington worked with Maria Solares, one of the last fluent speakers of Samala. He created manuscripts containing information on Chumash language, culture, and traditions. Dr. Richard Applegate, who received a Ph.D. in linguistics from U.C. Berkeley, used these manuscripts to write an extensive grammar of Samala and compile a dictionary of the language, which was released in 2008.[7] Dr. Applegate and Nakia Zavalla, the Cultural Director for the Santa Ynez Band of Chumash and a direct descendant of Maria Solares, have begun an effort to revitalize the language. Applegate began teaching Samala in 2003, and Zavalla has spearheaded an immersion-based language apprentice program.[8] As of 2008, Applegate had five language apprentices; however, none had yet reached full fluency.[9] An online Samala Chumash tutorial is available.[10] Economic developmentThe Santa Ynez Band owns and operates the Chumash Casino Resort, as well as the Chumash Cafe, the Creekside Buffet, The Willows restaurant, and Root 246,[11] (the third largest employer in Solvang, 105[12][13]) all in Santa Ynez, California. Notes1. ^"Our Tribal Community." Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Indians. Retrieved 6 June 2012 2. ^1 "Chumash Indians." SDSU: California Indians and Their Reservations. Retrieved 6 June 2012. 3. ^1 Pritzker 122 4. ^"Maria Solares." The Chumash Languages. Retrieved 6 June 2012. 5. ^"Business Committee." Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Indians. Retrieved 11 March 2019. 6. ^"Santa Ynez Reservation." Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Indians. 2012. 6 June 2012. 7. ^{{Cite news| last = Chawkins| first = Steve| title = Chumash recover their 'alishtaha'n: Armed with a trove of scattered notes, linguist saves ancestral tongue from brink of extinction.| work = Los Angeles Times| accessdate = 2013-05-07| date = 2008-04-20| url = http://articles.latimes.com/2008/apr/20/local/me-chumash20}} 8. ^{{Cite web| title = Bringing Back the Samala Chumash Language| work = Channel Islands National Park| accessdate = 2013-05-07| date = 2010-04-08| url = http://www.nps.gov/chis/parknews/bringing-back-the-samala-chumash-language.htm}} 9. ^{{Cite web| title = Chumash Dictionary Breathes Life into Moribund Language The Santa Barbara Independent| accessdate = 2013-05-07| url = http://www.independent.com/news/2008/apr/24/chumash-dictionary-breathes-life-moribund-language/}} 10. ^{{Cite web| title = Inezeño Chumash Language Tutorial| accessdate = 2013-05-07| url = http://www.chumashlanguage.com/index.html}} 11. ^http://www.root-246.com/about/ 12. ^[https://archive.is/20120722072157/http://www.cityofsolvang.com/index.php/departments/finance/budget-and-other-documents/doc_download/599-2008-09-cafr City of Solvang CAFR] 13. ^FY 2008-2009 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR) (PDF) References
External links
6 : Chumash|Native American tribes in California|Federally recognized tribes in the United States|Organizations based in Santa Barbara County, California|Santa Ynez Valley|Native American language revitalization |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。