| 词条 | Timiș River |
| 释义 |
| name = Timiș Tamiš (Тамиш) | name_native = | name_native_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = | image = Pančevo Tamiš Kule svetionici12.JPG | image_size = 280 | image_caption = The Timiș (Tamiš) river near Pančevo | map = Raul Timis.png | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = Romania, Serbia | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = Counties/Province | subdivision_name3 = Caraș-Severin, Timiș, Vojvodina | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = Towns | subdivision_name5 = Caransebeș, Lugoj, Pančevo | length = {{convert|359|km|mi|abbr=on}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= * | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = {{convert|47|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}} | discharge1_max = | source1 = Confluence of headwaters Brebu, Grădiștea and Semenic in Lake Trei Ape | source1_location = Semenic Mountains, Romania | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = | mouth = Danube | mouth_location = near Pančevo, Serbia | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|44|50|53|N|20|38|08|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = {{convert|10280|km2|abbr=on}} | tributaries_left = Bârzava/Brzava | tributaries_right = Bistra | custom_label = Progression | custom_data = {{PDanube}} | extra = }} The Timiș or Tamiš ({{lang-ro|Timiș}}, {{lang-sr|Тамиш}} / Tamiš, {{lang-de|Temesch}}, {{lang-hu|Temes}}) is a {{convert|359|km|abbr=on}}[1] long river originating from the Semenic Mountains ({{convert|1410|m|abbr=on}}), southern Carpathian Mountains, Caraș-Severin County, Romania. It flows through the Banat region and flows into the Danube near Pančevo, in northern Serbia. NameIn antiquity, the river was known as Tibiscus (in Latin) and Tibisis (Θίβισις in ancient Greek); in addition, Edward Gibbon referred to it as the Teyss. The Romans, who traversed the plains of Hungary, suppose that they passed several navigable rivers, either in canoes or portable boats; but there is reason to suspect that the winding stream of the Teyss, or Tibiscus, might present itself in different places under different names. [2]CharacteristicsThe drainage area covers {{convert|10280|km2|abbr=on}}.[1] With the Danube, it belongs to the Black Sea drainage basin. The river flows through Romania for {{convert|241|km|abbr=on}}, and {{convert|118|km|abbr=on}} through Serbia. The river starts at the confluence of headwaters Brebu, Grădiștea and Semenic in Lake Trei Ape. After entering Banat, the river becomes slow and meandering. In its lower course, the river is regulated, and for the last {{convert|53|km|abbr=on}} it is navigable. The most important port is the heavily industrialized Pančevo. FloodingAfter Banat, floods occur in rainy years. Especially devastating were the floods of 2005, when the villages Boka and Jaša Tomić were badly damaged. On April 20, 2005, a level of {{convert|844|cm|sp=us}} was recorded, the highest ever since the measurements began. In the spring of 2007 works on the elevation of the embankments on the both sides of the river began, {{convert|11.5|km|sp=us}} on the right bank and {{convert|13.2|km|sp=us}} on the left. The embankments will be {{convert|30|-|70|cm|abbr=on}} higher than they are now and being higher than {{convert|8.5|m|abbr=on}} should prevent any future floodings.[3] In some parts of the low, marshy areas created by the floods, several fish-filled lakes have been created, most notably at Banatski Despotovac, Uzdin, Sakule and Slatina. TributariesThe following rivers are tributaries to the river Timiș: Left: Brebu, Slatina, Goleț, Bucoșnița, Cernețu, Petroșnița, Valea Mare, Vălișoara, Măcicaș/Rugiu, Mâtnic, Vâna Mare, Spaia, Știuca, Timișana, Șurgani, Pogăniș, Timișul Mort, Găvojdia, Lanca Birda, Bârzava/Brzava Right: Grădiște, Semenic, Teregova, Criva, Râul Rece, Râul Lung, Armeniș, Sadovița, Ilova, Groapa Copacului, Bolvașnița, Zlagna, Sebeș, Valea Mare, Bistra, Calova, Maciovița, Vălișorul, Tincova, Cernola, Nădrag, Slatina, Măguri, Tapia, Iarcoș, Timișaț SettlementsRomaniaMajor cities in its Romanian course are Caransebeș and Lugoj, smaller places include (from source to mouth):
Timișoara has its name derived from the river Timiș meaning the fortress of Timiș. However the town of Timiș City, even though its name may indicate it, is not a settlement on the river, but on another Romanian-Serbian river, Bega. SerbiaFrom source to mouth: Jaša Tomić, Šurjan, Boka, Sečanj, Neuzina, Banatski Despotovac, Botoš, Tomaševac, Orlovat, Uzdin, Idvor, Farkaždin, Sakule, Čenta, Baranda, Opovo, Sefkerin, Glogonj, Jabuka, Pančevo Pančevački Rit{{Main|Pančevački Rit}}The river's old mouth into the Danube was some {{convert|40|km|abbr=on}} to the north-west, between villages of Čenta and Surduk, thus it was shorter. Canal Karaš (Cyrillic: Караш) remained marking old river bed, and the area bounded by the old and new river beds and the Danube, is called Pančevački Rit (Marches of Pančevo, Cyrillic: Панчевачки Рит). The {{convert|400|km2|abbr=on}} large wetland was constantly flooded, but since World War II it has been drained part by part and almost half of it is turned into a very fertile patch of land, suitable especially for cultivating grains and vegetables. It is managed by Serbian largest agricultural company, "PKB Beograd", which almost exclusively provides food for 2 million people in wider Belgrade area, thus Pančevački Rit is commonly nicknamed Granary of Belgrade. Stockbreeding is also very intensive, and so are fishery and hunting. Many meandering canals and bogs remained in the marsh: slow streams of Vizelj, Dunavac, Sibnica, Butuš, Rogoznica, Buk, Belanoš and Sebeš, and large bogs of Reva, Veliko Blato ({{convert|2|km2|abbr=on}}), Sebeš and Široka bara. In the south, area ends with a river island (ada) Kožara ({{convert|0.44|km2|abbr=on}}). After being almost uninhabited before 1945, today its population density is above average for Serbia as a whole, since some of the fastest growing suburbs of Belgrade (Borča, Padinska Skela and Krnjača) are built there. The whole area of Pančevački Rit belongs administratively to Belgrade's municipality of Palilula. References1. ^1 [https://www.icpdr.org/main/sites/default/files/Roof%20report%202003%20-%20Main%20document_FINAL.pdf Danube River Basin District, Part A - Roof Report], IPCDR, p 12 2. ^Gibbon, Edward, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Chapter 34, pg. 313, Penguin Classics, New York, 2005. 3. ^Politika daily, May 5, 2007, page 08 General references
Maps
9 : Rivers of Romania|Rivers of Serbia|International rivers of Europe|Geography of Vojvodina|Banat|Rivers of Caraș-Severin County|Rivers of Timiș County|Timiș basin|Tributaries of the Danube |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。