“Tihomir of Rascia”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Tihomir of Rascia

释义

Background
Succession to Rascia
Later annexation of Rascia by Byzantium
See also
Footnotes
References
Sources
External links

{{For|the Grand Prince of Serbia 1163–1166|Tihomir of Serbia}}{{Infobox royalty
|name = Tihomir of Rascia
|image =
|caption =
|succession1 = Duke of Drina
|reign1 = circa 960–969
|predecessor1 = Tišemir, Duke of Bosnia (913)
|successor1 = Stephen, Duke of Bosnia (1080)
|succession2 = Prince of Rascia
|reign2 = 960–969
|predecessor2 = Časlav
|successor2 = John, Byzantine Catepanate of Ras
|spouse = daughter of Časlav
|religion = Christianity
}}

Tihomir ({{lang-sr-cyr|Тихомир}}){{Cref2|A|Name}} was a Serbian nobleman, mentioned only in the Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja, who served as the Prince of Rascia from around 960 to 969.

Background

Tihomir's predecessor Časlav (r. 927–960) had united several Slavic tribes, expanding Serbia which then extended between the shores of the Adriatic Sea, the Sava river and the Morava valley.

The Magyars led by Kisa invaded Bosnia. The Serbian army advanced and met them on the banks of river Drina, in the Drina župania, downstream from present-day Foča.{{sfn|Brkljača|1997|pp=30}}{{sfn|Ćorović - Istorija Srpskog Naroda}}

The Magyars were decisively defeated, and Kisa was killed by Tihomir.{{sfn|Ćorović - Istorija Srpskog Naroda}}

Due to his heroism, Časlav appointed Tihomir Duke of Drina and gave him his daughter in marriage.{{sfn|Живковић|2006|p=53}}

Succession to Rascia

Kisa's widow asked the Magyar leaders to give her an army for revenge.

With an "unknown number" of troops, the widow returned and surprised Časlav at Syrmia.

The Magyars attack the Serbs in the night, capturing Časlav and all of his male relatives.

On the command of Kisa's widow, all the prisoners were bound by their hands and feet and thrown into the Sava river.{{sfn|Ćorović - Istorija Srpskog Naroda}}

This event is dated to around 960{{sfn|Ćorović - Istorija Srpskog Naroda}} or thereafter, as 'De Administrando Imperio' does not mention his death.

Through his marriage with Časlav's daughter, Tihomir inherited the crownland of Rascia.{{sfn|Живковић|2006|p=57}}

Later annexation of Rascia by Byzantium

Tihomir's reign ended around 969.

The Catepanate of Ras was established between 971–976, during the rule of John Tzimiskes (r. 969–976).{{sfn|Bulić|2007}}

A seal of a strategos of Ras has been dated to Tzimiskes' reign, making it possible for Tzimiskes' predecessor Nikephoros II Phokas to have enjoyed recognition in Rascia.{{sfn|Stephenson|2003|pp=42}}{{sfn|Magdalino|2003|pp=122}}

The protospatharios and katepano of Ras was a Byzantine governor named John.{{sfn|Slovanský|2007|pp=132}}

Data on the katepano of Ras during Tzimiskes' reign is missing.{{sfn|Krsmanović|2008|pp=189}}

Byzantine military presence ended soon thereafter with the wars with Bulgaria, and was re-established only ca. 1018 with the short-lived Theme of Sirmium, which however did not extend much into Rascia proper.{{sfn|Stephenson|2003|pp=42}}

Footnotes

{{Cnote2 Begin|liststyle=upper-alpha}}{{Cnote2|A|Name: He is sourced as Tihomir ({{lang-sr-cyr|Тихомир}}) or Tihomil (Тихомил).}}{{Cnote2 End}}

References

Sources

Primary

{{Cite book|ref=harv|editor-last=Moravcsik|editor-first=Gyula|editorlink=Gyula Moravcsik|title=Constantine Porphyrogenitus: De Administrando Imperio|year=1967|orig-year=1949|edition=2nd revised|location=Washington D.C.|publisher=Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3al15wpFWiMC}}
{{Cite book|ref=harv|editor-last=Шишић|editor-first=Фердо|editor-link=Ferdo Šišić|title=Летопис Попа Дукљанина (Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja)|year=1928|location=Београд-Загреб|publisher=Српска краљевска академија|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HXwCSCgxTlcC}}
{{Cite book|ref=harv|last=Кунчер|first=Драгана|year=2009|title=Gesta Regum Sclavorum|volume=1|location=Београд-Никшић|publisher=Историјски институт, Манастир Острог}}
{{Cite book|ref=harv|last=Живковић|first=Тибор|authorlink=Tibor Živković|year=2009|title=Gesta Regum Sclavorum|volume=2|location=Београд-Никшић|publisher=Историјски институт, Манастир Острог}}

Secondary

{{cite book |ref=harv

|last=Brkljača |first=Seka
|publisher=Institut za istoriju Sarajevo |year=1997
|title=Bosna i Hercegovina i svijet
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-Ry5AAAAIAAJ&q=Časlav}}

{{cite journal

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|issue = 55
|pages = 45–62
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|last = Bulić
|first = Dejan
|accessdate = 2011-08-09
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{{Cite book|ref=harv|last=Bury|first=John B.|authorlink=John B. Bury|title=A History of the Eastern Empire from the Fall of Irene to the Accession of Basil I. (A.D. 802-867)|year=1912|location=London|publisher=MacMillan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=avftAgAAQBAJ}}
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{{Cite book|ref=harv|last=Curta|first=Florin|authorlink=Florin Curta|title=Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250|year=2006|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YIAYMNOOe0YC}}
Ferjančić, B. 1997, "Basile I et la restauration du pouvoir byzantin au IXème siècle", Zbornik radova Vizantološkog instituta, no. 36, pp. 9–30.
{{Cite book|ref=harv|last=Fine|first=John Van Antwerp Jr.|authorlink=John Van Antwerp Fine Jr.|title=The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century|year=1991|origyear=1983|location=Ann Arbor, Michigan|publisher=University of Michigan Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0NBxG9Id58C}}
{{Cite book|ref=harv|last=Krsmanović|first=Bojana|title=The Byzantine Province in Change: On the Threshold Between the 10th and the 11th Century|year=2008|location=Belgrade|publisher=Institute for Byzantine Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kjsjAQAAIAAJ}}
{{cite book |ref=harv

|last=Magdalino |first=Paul |author-link=Paul Magdalino|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CSZQ-VPFKoMC&pg=PA122
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{{Cite book|ref=harv|last=Ostrogorsky|first=George|authorlink=George Ostrogorsky|year=1956|title=History of the Byzantine State|location=Oxford|publisher=Basil Blackwell|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bt0_AAAAYAAJ}}
{{Cite book|ref=harv|last=Stephenson|first=Paul|title=The Legend of Basil the Bulgar-Slayer|year=2003|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z0PmrXKnczUC}}
{{Cite book|ref=harv|last=Живковић|first=Тибор|year=2002|title=Јужни Словени под византијском влашћу 600-1025 (South Slavs under the Byzantine Rule 600-1025)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oE-gAAAAMAAJ|location=Београд|publisher=Историјски институт САНУ, Службени гласник}}
{{Cite book|ref=harv|last=Живковић|first=Тибор|authorlink=Tibor Živković|year=2006|title=Портрети српских владара: IX-XII век (Portraits of Serbian Rulers: IX-XII Century)|location=Београд|publisher=Завод за уџбенике и наставна средства|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d-KTAAAACAAJ}}
{{Cite book|ref=harv|last=Živković|first=Tibor|authorlink=Tibor Živković|year=2008|title=Forging unity: The South Slavs between East and West 550-1150|location=Belgrade|publisher=The Institute of History, Čigoja štampa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JlIsAQAAIAAJ}}
{{cite book |ref=harv

|publisher=Academia |year=2007 |last=Slovanský
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|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kw4rAQAAIAAJ&q=tzimiskes+ras}}{{div col end}}

External links

{{cite web|ref=harv|last=Ćorović|first=Vladimir| authorlink=Vladimir Ćorović|title=Istorija srpskog naroda|year=2001|url=http://www.rastko.rs/rastko-bl/istorija/corovic/istorija/index_l.html}}

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