| 词条 | Ursula Marvin |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = Ursula B. Marvin | honorific_suffix = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = Ursula B. Marvin.jpg | image_size = | image_upright = | alt = | caption = Marvin in 1978 | birth_date = {{Birth date|1921|8|20}} | birth_place = Bradford, Vermont, U.S. | death_date = {{death date and age|2018|02|12|1921|8|20}} | death_place = Concord, Massachusetts, U.S. | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | other_names = | residence = | citizenship = | nationality = | fields = Planetary geology | workplaces = Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory | patrons = | education = Tufts University, Harvard University-Radcliffe | thesis_title = | thesis_url = | thesis_year = | doctoral_advisor = | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | known_for = Continental Drift: Evolution of a Concept | influences = | influenced = | awards = Lifetime Achievement Award from Women in Science and Engineering | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | spouse = Thomas Crockett Marvin | partner = | children = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = }}Ursula Bailey Marvin (August 20, 1921 – February 12, 2018)[1][2] was an American planetary geologist and author who worked for the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.[3] She won the 1997 Lifetime Achievement Award from Women in Science and Engineering.[4] In 1986, the Geological Society of America awarded her their History of Geology Award. She also won the 2005 Sue Tyler Friedman Medal,[5] and Antarctica's Marvin Nunatak is named in her honor. In 2012, the Meteoritical Society awarded her the Service Award[6][7] in part for her work recording the oral history of meteoriticists.[8][9] Asteroid (4309) Marvin is named in her honour.[10] Life and careerMarvin was born in Bradford, Vermont on August 20, 1921.[11] While studying history at Tufts University, she took a geology class to fulfill her science requirements and was taken by the subject. She asked her geology professor to change majors to geology, but he refused, so she added geology, math and physics courses to her schedule.[11] She graduated with a bachelor's degree in history from Tufts University in 1943. She then attended Harvard University-Radcliffe, earning a master's degree in geology in 1946. Following World War II, she moved to Chicago to be a research associate at the University of Chicago.[11] While earning her Ph.D in Geology at Harvard, she worked alongside her second husband, Thomas Crockett Marvin (June 28, 1916 – July 1, 2012), whom she married in 1952, prospecting for ore deposits in Brazil and Angola starting in 1953.[11] After returning to the United States in 1958, she taught mineralogy at Tufts for two years before she was offered a job researching meteorites at Harvard.[11] She was appointed to a permanent research staff position at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in 1961 and received a Ph.D. in Geology from Harvard in 1969.[8] She authored the 1973 book Continental Drift: Evolution of a Concept[12] and authored over 160 research papers. Her key contributions in planetary science concentrated on studies of meteorites and lunar samples. Her publications include analysis of oxidation products of Sputnik 4 to determine mineralogical alteration over exposure time with applications to iron meteorites.[13] She was also involved with numerous studies of returned samples from both the American and Russian lunar programs, including from the Apollo 12,[14] Apollo 15,[15] Apollo 16[16][17] missions, and from Luna 16[18] and Luna 20.[19] She traveled to Antarctica for three of the early ANSMET surveys[20] and analyzed the first lunar meteorite, Allan Hills A81005.[21] She was the first woman on the American team that conducted research there.[22] Because of her contributions to research in Antarctica, a small mountain on the ice sheet was named for her, Marvin Nunatak. She served as a trustee at Tufts University from 1975 to 1985, and was an emerita trustee of the university.[23] References1. ^R.R. Bowker Co (2009). American Men & Women of Science. Thomson/Gale {{ISBN|9781414433059}} 2. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/obituaries/2018/02/18/ursula-bailey-marvin-groundbreaking-geologist/|title=Ursula Bailey Marvin, 96, groundbreaking geologist|last=Marquard|first=Bryan|date=February 19, 2018|work=Boston Globe|access-date=February 26, 2018|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}} 3. ^ABC-CLIO American Women of Science Since 1900 {{ISBN|9781598841589}} 4. ^Staff report (July 1997). Ursula Marving honoers by 'WISE' award for lifetime achievement in science. The CfA Almanac 5. ^{{cite web | author = Geological Society of London | title = Award winners since 1931: Sue Tyler Friedman Medal | url = http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/History/Award-Winners-Since-1831/Sue-Tyler-Friedman-Medal | accessdate = 2013-11-24}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://meteoriticalsociety.org/?page_id=17|publisher=The Meteoritical Society|accessdate=27 March 2015|title=Awards of The Meteoritical Society}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Awardees of the Meteoritical Society|url=http://meteoriticalsociety.org/?page_id=17|publisher=The Meteoritical Society|accessdate=27 March 2015}} 8. ^1 {{cite journal|last1=Sears|first1=Derek|title=2012 Service Award of the Meteoritical Society for Ursula Marvin|journal=Meteoritics & Planetary Science|date=13 July 2012|volume=47|issue=7|pages=1238–1240|doi=10.1111/j.1945-5100.2012.01389.x|bibcode=2012M&PS...47.1238S}} 9. ^{{cite journal|last1=Marvin|first1=Ursula|title=Response to Presentation of the Service Award of the Meteoritical Society|journal=Meteoritics and Planetary Science|date=13 July 2012|volume=47|issue=7|pages=1241–1242|doi=10.1111/j.1945-5100.2012.01388.x|bibcode=2012M&PS...47.1241M}} 10. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?utf8=%E2%9C%93&object_id=marvin|title=(4309) Marvin = 1978 QC = 1978 SE8 = 1973 SK4 = 1973 UW|last=|first=|date=|website=The International Astronomical Union's Minor Planet Center|access-date=26 February 2018}} 11. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/09/obituaries/ursula-marvin-geologist-of-the-extraterrestrial-dies-at-96.html|title=Ursula Marvin, Geologist of the Extraterrestrial, Dies at 96|last=Sandomir|first=Richard|date=2018-03-09|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-03-12|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} 12. ^{{cite book|last1=Marvin|first1=Ursula B.|title=Continental drift : the evolution of a concept|date=1974|publisher=Smithsonian Inst. Press|location=Washington, DC|edition=2. print., with corrections}} 13. ^{{cite journal|last1=Marvin|first1=Ursula|title=Mineralogy of the oxidation products of the Sputnik 4 fragment and of iron meteorites|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research|date=1 Sep 1963|volume=68|issue=17|pages=5059–5068|doi=10.1029/JZ068i017p05059|bibcode=1963JGR....68.5059M}} 14. ^{{cite journal|last1=Marvin|first1=Ursula|title=A transient heating event in the history of a highlands troctolite from Apollo 12 soil 12033|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research|date=Feb 18, 1985|volume=90|issue=S2|pages=C420–C430|doi=10.1029/JB090iS02p0C421|bibcode=1985JGR....90..421M}} 15. ^{{cite journal|last1=Marvin|first1=Ursula|title=Cordierite-Spinel Troctolite, a New Magnesium-Rich Lithology from the Lunar Highlands|journal=Science|date=Feb 1989|volume=243|issue=4893|pages=925–928|doi=10.1126/science.243.4893.925|pmid=17783768|bibcode=1989Sci...243..925M}} 16. ^{{cite journal|last1=Marvin|first1=Ursula B.|last2=Lindstrom|first2=Marilyn M.|last3=Bernatowicz|first3=T. J.|last4=Podosek|first4=Frank A.|last5=Sugiura|first5=Naoji|title=The composition and history of breccia 67015 from North Ray Crater|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research|date=1987|volume=92|issue=B4|pages=E471|doi=10.1029/JB092iB04p0E471|bibcode=1987JGR....92E.471M}} 17. ^{{cite journal|last1=Marvin|first1=Ursula B.|last2=Lindstrom|first2=Marilyn M.|title=Rock 67015: A feldspathic fragmental breccia with KREEP-rich melt clasts|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research|date=1983|volume=88|issue=S02|pages=A659|doi=10.1029/JB088iS02p0A659|bibcode=1983JGR....88..659M}} 18. ^{{cite journal|last1=Reid|first1=John B.|last2=Taylor|first2=G. Jeffrey|last3=Marvin|first3=Ursula B.|last4=Wood|first4=John A.|title=Luna 16: Relative proportions and petrologic significance of particles in the soil from Mare Fecunditatis|journal=Earth and Planetary Science Letters|date=January 1972|volume=13|issue=2|pages=286–298|doi=10.1016/0012-821X(72)90104-5|bibcode=1972E&PSL..13..286R}} 19. ^{{cite journal|last1=Taylor|first1=G.Jeffrey|last2=Drake|first2=Michael J|last3=Wood|first3=John A|last4=Marvin|first4=Ursula B|title=The Luna 20 lithic fragments, and the composition and origin of the lunar highlands|journal=Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta|date=April 1973|volume=37|issue=4|pages=1087–1106|doi=10.1016/0016-7037(73)90203-2|bibcode=1973GeCoA..37.1087T}} 20. ^{{cite journal|last1=Marvin|first1=Ursula|title=Meteorites on Ice: Preliminary Report on the 1978-1979 Antarctic Field Season|journal=Meteoritics|date=Dec 1979|volume=14|pages=486–487|bibcode=1979Metic..14..486M}} 21. ^{{cite journal|last1=Marvin|first1=Ursula B.|title=The discovery and initial characterization of Allan Hills 81005: The first lunar meteorite|journal=Geophysical Research Letters|date=September 1983|volume=10|issue=9|pages=775–778|doi=10.1029/GL010i009p00775|bibcode=1983GeoRL..10..775M}} 22. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/09/obituaries/ursula-marvin-geologist-of-the-extraterrestrial-dies-at-96.html|title=Ursula Marvin, Geologist of the Extraterrestrial, Dies at 96|last=Sandomir|first=Richard|date=2018-03-09|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-03-13|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} 23. ^{{cite web|title=Trustees Emeriti at Tufts|url=http://trustees.tufts.edu/info/emeriti/|website=Trustees Emeriti|publisher=Tufts University|accessdate=27 March 2015}} External links{{Library resources box|by=yes|lcheading= Marvin, Ursula B.}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Marvin, Ursula B.}} 14 : American geologists|Planetary scientists|American astronomers|1921 births|2018 deaths|American women geologists|Women astronomers|Radcliffe College alumni|20th-century astronomers|20th-century geologists|20th-century American scientists|20th-century women scientists|Tufts University alumni|People from Bradford, Vermont |
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