| 词条 | Wang Shu |
| 释义 |
| name = Wang Shu | other_names = 王澍 | nationality = Chinese | image = Wang-Shu Taipei.jpg | image_size = | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1963|11|4}} | birth_place = Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China | death_date = | death_place = | alma_mater = Nanjing Institute of Technology (now Southeast University), Tongji University | years active = | significant_buildings = Ningbo Museum | significant_projects = | significant_design = | awards = Pritzker Prize }}Wang Shu ({{zh|c=王澍}}, born 4 November 1963)[1] is a Chinese architect based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. He is the dean of the School of Architecture of the China Academy of Art. With his practice partner and wife Lu Wenyu, he founded the firm Amateur Architecture Studio. In 2012, Wang became the first Chinese citizen to win the Pritzker Prize, the world's top prize in architecture.[2][3] The award was the subject of some controversy since the Pritzker committee did not also award Lu Wenyu, his wife and architectural partner, despite their years of collaboration.[4] Early life and educationWang Shu was born on 4 November 1963 in Ürümqi, the capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China's far west. He began to draw and paint as a child, without any formal training in art.[1] Despite the anti-intellectual fervor of the "cultural revolution" (1966–76), his mother gave him access to the library and he read widely, from "Pushkin to Lu Xun."[5] As a compromise between his passion of art and engineering, his parents' recommendation, Wang chose to study architecture at the Nanjing Institute of Technology (now Southeast University) in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province and received a bachelor's degree in 1985 and a master's degree in 1988.[1] Although Wang lived in Ürümqi and Beijing in his early life, after college he moved to Hangzhou for the city's natural landscapes and ancient tradition of art. He worked for the Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts (now China Academy of Art) and in 1990 completed his first architectural project, a youth centre in the city of Haining near Hangzhou.[1] Wang did not have any commissions between 1990 and 1998. During that time his wife Lu Wenyu supported the family.[6] Instead, he chose to further his studies at the School of Architecture of Tongji University in Shanghai, earning a PhD in 2000.[1] CareerIn 1997, Wang and his wife Lu Wenyu, also an architect, founded the firm Amateur Architecture Studio.[2] They chose the name as a rebuke of the "professional, soulless architecture" practiced in China, which they believe has contributed to the large-scale demolition of many old urban neighborhoods.[1] Wang joined the faculty of the China Academy of Art in 2000 as a professor, became the Head of the Architecture Department in 2003, and was named Dean of the School of Architecture in 2007.[1] In 2000, Wang designed the Library of Wenzheng College at Soochow University, which won the inaugural Architecture Art Award of China in 2004.[1][2] His Five Scattered Houses in Ningbo won the Holcim Award for Sustainable Construction in the Asia Pacific in 2005. In 2008 his Vertical Courtyard Apartments in Hangzhou was nominated for the International Highrise Award.[1] In 2008 he completed the Ningbo Museum, a project he won in 2004 after an international competition.[2] The building's facade is constructed entirely of recycled bricks, and its shape - resembling nearby mountains - reflects its natural setting.[7] The museum won the 2009 Lu Ban Prize, the top architecture prize in China.[8] Wang's other major projects include the Ningbo Museum of Art (2005), the Xiangshan campus of the China Academy of Art (2007) and the Old Town Conservation of Zhongshan Street, Hangzhou (2009).[1] His architecture has been described as "opening new horizons while at the same time resonates with place and memory",[21] experimental, and as a rare example of critical regionalism in China.[9] ApproachWang creates modern buildings making use of traditional materials and applying older techniques. The Ningbo Museum is constructed of bricks salvaged from buildings which had been demolished to facilitate new developments. Wang is a keen supporter of architectural heritage where globalisation has stripped cities of their special attributes.[10] "In an age where the goal is to offer a distinct, individualized style, Shu has shied away from such a prerogative. Ironically, with his manner of seamlessly meshing the contemporary with the cultural, innovation with tradition, Shu’s work has come to define itself. The work is infused with fresh material juxtapositions and an expressive quality grounded in traditional formal proportions and scale." [11] He requires his freshman architecture students to spend a year working with their hands, learning basic carpentry and bricklaying, and Wang also requires other teachers in the department learn basic building skills. Because he believes "Only people who understand the nature of materials can make art using the materials." [5] AwardsIn 2010, Wang and his wife Lu Wenyu together won the German Schelling Architecture Prize,[12] and in 2011 he received the Gold Medal from the French Academy of Architecture.[1] In 2012, Wang won the Pritzker Architecture Prize. In so doing, he became the first Chinese citizen (second winner of Chinese descent after I. M. Pei) to win this prize, and the fourth youngest person to win.[2] The jury, which included Pritzker laureate Zaha Hadid and the US Supreme Court justice Stephen Breyer, highlighted Wang's "unique ability to evoke the past, without making direct references to history" and called his work "timeless, deeply rooted in its context and yet universal."[2][13] The chairman of the Hyatt Foundation said Wang's win represented "a significant step in acknowledging the role that China will play in the development of architectural ideals" going forward.[14] Zhu Tao, a Chinese architectural critic and historian, speculated that the win could signify a turning point in Chinese architectural history saying the prize "sends a message that architecture is a cultural enterprise ... that architects are creators of culture."[14] Alejandro Aravena, a member of the Pritzker Prize jury, stated "Wang Shu’s outstanding architecture may be the consequence of being able to combine talent and intelligence. This combination allows him to produce masterpieces when a monument is needed, but also very careful and contained architecture when a monument is not the case. The intensity of his work may be a consequence of his relative youth, but the precision and appropriateness of his operations talk of great maturity."[15]Personal lifeWang Shu's father is a musician and an amateur carpenter. His mother is a teacher and school librarian in Beijing. His sister is also a teacher.[1] Wang is married to Lu Wenyu, who is also his business partner and fellow professor of architecture at the China Academy of Art.[12] In an interview with the Los Angeles Times, Wang expressed his sentiment that his wife deserved to share the Pritzker Prize with him.[16] Major worksMajor works by Wang include:[1]
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Pritzker prize: Wang Shu 2012 Laureate Media Kit, retrieved 28 February 2012 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/28/arts/design/pritzker-prize-awarded-to-wang-shu-chinese-architect.html |title=For First Time, Architect in China Wins Field’s Top Prize |newspaper=New York Times |author=Robin Pogrebin |date=27 February 2012}} 3. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/arts/story/2012/02/27/pritzker-prize-architect-wang-shu.html |title=Pritzker Prize won by Chinese architect Wang Shu |newspaper=CBC News |date=27 February 2012}} 4. ^http://www.archpaper.com/news/articles.asp?id=6016#.VPtqY1PF-n0 5. ^1 {{cite news|title=Honored architect goes his own way|author=Xu Wenwen|date=9 Mar 2012|work=Shanghaidaily|url=http://www.hicenter.cn/columns_detail.asp?id=435243/|accessdate=9 Mar 2012}} 6. ^Honored architect goes his own way (Shanghai Daily) 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.treehugger.com/sustainable-product-design/chinese-history-museum-literally-recycled-from-history.html |title=Chinese History Museum Literally Recycled From History |author=Alex Pasternack |publisher=treehugger.com |date=7 July 2009 |accessdate=29 February 2012}} 8. ^{{cite news |url=http://news.cnnb.com.cn/system/2009/11/10/006320581.shtml |script-title=zh:宁波博物馆获国内建筑业最高荣誉"鲁班奖" |trans-title=Ningbo Museum won the Lu Ban Prize |newspaper=Ningbo News |language=Chinese |date=10 November 2009}} 9. ^Thorsten Botz-Bornstein: "WANG Shu and the Possibilities of Critical Regionalism in Chinese Architecture" in The Nordic Journal of Architectural Research, 1, 2009, 4–17. 10. ^Mure Dickie, "China's star architect blasts demolition culture", Financial Times, 25 May 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2012. 11. ^{{cite news|title=The Local Architect / Wang Shu|author=Karen Cilento|date=28 February 2012|work=ArchDaily|url=http://www.archdaily.com/212424/the-local-architect-wang-shu/|accessdate=28 February 2012}} 12. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://schelling-architekturpreis.org/files/101105_SCHELLING.pdf |title=Schelling Architecture Prize 2010 |publisher=Schelling Architecture Prize |accessdate=29 February 2012}} 13. ^1 The Pritzker Architecture Prize: Wang Shu – Jury Citation, retrieved 28 February 2012 14. ^1 {{cite news|title=Will Wang Shu’s Pritzker Win Prove Pivotal for China?|author=Lara Day|author2=Josh Chin|date=29 February 2012|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/scene/2012/02/29/will-wang-shus-pritzker-win-prove-pivotal-for-china/|accessdate=29 February 2012}} 15. ^{{cite news|title=Wang Shu by Alejandro Aravena|author=Alejandro Aravena|date=27 February 2012|work=ArchDaily|url=http://www.archdaily.com/211958/wang-shu-by-alejandro-aravena/|accessdate=27 February 2012}} 16. ^{{cite news |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/culturemonster/2012/02/pritzker-prize-wang-shu-architect.html |title=Pritzker Prize goes to Wang Shu, 48-year-old Chinese architect |newspaper=LA Times |author=Christopher Hawthorne |date=27 February 2012}} 17. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.krumbach.at/Bus_Stop_Krumbach/English|title=Bus Stop Krumbach Projekt Info|last=|first=|date=|work=Gemeinde Krumbach|access-date=2018-06-26|language=de}} External links{{Commons category}}
12 : 1963 births|Architecture educators|Artists from Xinjiang|China Academy of Art faculty|Chinese architects|Living people|People from Ürümqi|Pritzker Architecture Prize winners|Recipients of Honorary Doctorate of Fine Arts from Rhode Island School of Design|Southeast University alumni|Tongji University alumni|Wang Shu buildings |
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