William Oliphant may refer to:

• William Oliphant (died after 1313), Governor of Sterling Castle during the Wars of Scottish Independence
• William Oliphant, Lord of Aberdalgie (died 1329), Scottish knight during the Wars of Scottish Independence
• William Oliphant, Lord Newton (1551–1628), Scottish judge
• William Oliphant, Sr. (1893–1947), founder of Oliphant's Gym, believed to be the oldest gym in North America
• William J. Oliphant (1845–1930), American photographer

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