| 词条 | 1980 Liberian coup d'état |
| 释义 |
| conflict = 1980 Liberian coup d'état | width = | partof = | image = File:Location Liberia AU Africa.svg | caption = | date = 12 April 1980 | place = Monrovia, Liberia | coordinates = {{coord|6|18|48|N|10|48|5|W|region:LR|display=inline,title}} | map_type = Liberia | map_relief = yes | latitude = | longitude = | map_size = 200px | map_mark = Green pog.svg | map_marksize = 10 | map_caption = Nexus of coup in Monrovia (marked green), Liberia | map_label = | territory = | result = Coup attempt succeeds.
| status = | combatants_header = | combatant1 = Government of Liberia | combatant2 = Armed Forces of Liberia faction | combatant3 = | commander1 = William Tolbert{{executed}} | commander2 = Samuel Doe | commander3 = | units1 = | units2 = | units3 = | strength1 = | strength2 = | strength3 = | casualties1 = | casualties2 = | casualties3 = | notes = | campaignbox = }} The 1980 Liberian coup d'état happened on April 12, 1980, when President William Tolbert was overthrown and murdered in a violent coup. The coup was staged by an indigenous Liberian faction of the Armed Forces of Liberia (AFL) under the command of Master Sergeant Samuel Doe. Following a period of transition Doe would go on to rule the country throughout the 1980s until his murder on 9 September 1990 during the First Liberian Civil War. EventsIn the early hours of April 12, 1980, 17 non-commissioned officers (NCOs) and soldiers of the AFL led by Master Sergeant Samuel Doe launched a violent coup d'état. All of the conspirators were indigenous Liberians, while Tolbert was a member of Americo-Liberian community (which had ruled Liberia since independence in 1847). The group entered the Executive Mansion (presidential palace) and killed Tolbert, whose body was dumped into a mass grave together with 27 other victims of the coup. It is reported that Harrison Pennoh was the person that killed Tolbert. Later, a crowd of angry Liberians gathered to shout insults and throw rocks at the bodies.{{when|date=September 2016}}[1] AftermathBy the end of April, most of the cabinet members of the Tolbert administration had been put on trial in a kangaroo court and sentenced to death. Thirteen of them were publicly executed by firing squad on 22 April at a beach near the Barclay Training Center in Monrovia. The executed were:[2][3][4][5]
Only four members of the Tolbert administration survived the coup and its aftermath; among them was the Minister of Finance, future President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf,[6] and the Vice President Bennie Dee Warner.[7] Following the coup, Doe assumed the rank of General and established the People's Redemption Council (PRC), composed of himself and 14 other low-ranking officers, to rule the country. The PRC was dissolved after the 1985 general election, in which Doe was elected President; he was sworn in on 6 February 1986. Doe continued to rule the country until he was murdered on 9 September 1990 by the INPFC, led by Prince Johnson, during the First Liberian Civil War. References1. ^{{cite journal|journal=TIME Magazine |date=1980-04-18 |title=LIBERIA: After the Takeover, Revenge |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,924057,00.html#ixzz0dsadsRgy |format= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080928150953/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C924057%2C00.html |archivedate=September 28, 2008 |df= }} {{Liberia topics}}{{Years in Liberia}}{{African coups d'État}}{{DEFAULTSORT:1980 Liberian coup d'etat}}2. ^[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/28/AR2006072800581_pf.html Leon Dash, "Liberian Soldiers Taunt, Shoot 13 Former Leaders"], The Washington Post, April 23, 1980. 3. ^"Liberia's Dark History – The Coup of 1980", TLC Africa.com. 4. ^Global News Monitor for April 15–30, 2005 – Liberia, Prevent Genocide International. 5. ^Source: Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, This Child will be Great. Memoirs of a Remarkable Life by Africa's First Woman President, p. 102. Cited in Liberia: Past and Present of Africa's Oldest Republic. 6. ^Johnson Sirleaf, E: This Child Will Be Great, p. 103. HarperCollins, 2009. 7. ^{{cite news|accessdate=October 21, 2011|title=Tolbert's Aide in U.S.|newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1980/04/13/114042459.pdf|date=April 13, 1980}} 6 : 1980 in Liberia|History of Liberia|Wars involving Liberia|Conflicts in 1980|1980s coups d'état and coup attempts|April 1980 events |
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