| 词条 | Barre (city), Vermont | |||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|official_name = Barre, Vermont |settlement_type = City |nickname = Granite Center of the World |motto = |image_skyline = Barre City park gazebo and church.JPG |imagesize = 250px |image_caption = |image_flag = Flag of Barre, Vermont.gif |image_seal = BarreVTSeal.png | image_map = Washington County Vermont Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Barre (city) highlighted.svg | map_caption = Location in Washington County and the state of Vermont | pushpin_map = USA | pushpin_map_caption = Location in the United States | subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Vermont |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Washington |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Lucas Herring (I) |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = 1895 |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 10.4 |area_land_km2 = 10.4 |area_water_km2 = 0.0 |area_total_sq_mi = 4.0 |area_land_sq_mi = 4.0 |area_water_sq_mi = 0.0 |population_as_of = 2014 est. |population_footnotes = |population_total = 8837 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = 59,626 |timezone = Eastern (EST) |utc_offset = −5 |timezone_DST = EDT |utc_offset_DST = −4 |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 186 |elevation_ft = 609 |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 05641 |area_code = 802 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 50-03175[1] |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 1462035[1] |website = {{URL|www.barrecity.org}} |footnotes = }} Barre {{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ær|i}} is the most populous city in Washington County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2010 census, the municipal population was 9,052.[2] Popularly referred to as "Barre City", it is almost completely surrounded by "Barre Town", which is a separate municipality. Barre is often twinned with the nearby Vermont state capital of Montpelier in local media and businesses. It is the main city in the Barre-Montpelier micropolitan area, which has nearly 60,000 residents and is Vermont's third largest metropolitan area after those of Burlington and Rutland. Barre is also Vermont's fourth largest city. Alfred Hitchcock's movie The Trouble With Harry premiered at the Paramount Theater in Barre on September 27, 1955.[3][4]History{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2010}}On November 6, 1780, the land was granted to William Williams and 64 others. Originally called Wildersburgh, it included what is today both the town and city of Barre. It was first settled in 1788 by John Goldsbury and Samuel Rodgers, together with their families. But dissatisfied with the name Wildersburgh, citizens renamed the town after Isaac Barré, a champion of the American Colonies. In 1895, 4.0 square miles (10.4 km2) within the town was set off and incorporated as the separate city. Granite industryBarre is the self-proclaimed "Granite Center of the World". Initially established with the discovery of vast granite deposits at Millstone Hill soon after the War of 1812, the granite industry and the city itself saw a boom with the arrival of the railroad. The fame of this vast deposit of granite, which some geologists say is {{convert|4|mi|km}} long, {{convert|2|mi|km}} wide and {{convert|10|mi|km}} deep, soon spread to Europe and Canada. Large numbers of people migrated to Barre from Italy, Scotland, Spain, Scandinavia, Greece, Lebanon, Canada, and a number of other countries. The population increased from 2,060 in 1880, to 6,790 in 1890, to 10,000 in 1894. By the turn of the century, Barre was noted as the state's most diverse city. The Italian immigrants in particular brought a radical, largely anarchist labor movement to Barre. The Quarry Workers' International Union of North America was based in Barre. They were originally affiliated with the Socialist Labor Party before affiliating with the Industrial Workers of the World, and in 1916 and in 1929 the city elected a Socialist Party candidate as mayor of Barre. The old Socialist Labor Party Hall is still standing, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000. "Barre Gray" granite is sought after worldwide for its fine grain, even texture, and superior weather resistance. Many sculpture artists prefer it for outdoor sculpture.[5] In 1936 the granite quarry in Barre carved out a 35-ton cross from one section of stone in the quarry.[6] Hope Cemetery in Barre displays extensive examples of the sculptors' art. Geography and climateAccording to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.0 square miles (10.4 km2), all land. Barre is drained by the Stevens Branch River and Jail Branch River, tributaries of the Winooski River. The city is served by Interstate 89, U.S. Route 302, Vermont Route 14 and Vermont Route 62. It is bordered by the town of Berlin to the west, but is otherwise surrounded by the separate town of Barre. {{Weather box |width=75%|location = Barre Montpelier Airport (1981–2010) |single line = Y |Jan high F = 25.7 |Feb high F = 29.7 |Mar high F = 38.3 |Apr high F = 52.6 |May high F = 65.1 |Jun high F = 73.8 |Jul high F = 78.0 |Aug high F = 76.1 |Sep high F = 68.1 |Oct high F = 55.6 |Nov high F = 43.1 |Dec high F = 31.0 |year high F =53.1 |Jan low F = 7.4 |Feb low F = 9.9 |Mar low F = 19.3 |Apr low F = 32.0 |May low F = 42.3 |Jun low F = 51.7 |Jul low F = 56.0 |Aug low F = 54.3 |Sep low F = 46.5 |Oct low F = 35.6 |Nov low F = 27.3 |Dec low F = 14.8 |year low F =33.1 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation inch = 2.17 |Feb precipitation inch = 2.03 |Mar precipitation inch = 2.38 |Apr precipitation inch = 2.65 |May precipitation inch = 3.37 |Jun precipitation inch = 3.68 |Jul precipitation inch = 3.80 |Aug precipitation inch = 4.02 |Sep precipitation inch = 3.26 |Oct precipitation inch = 3.46 |Nov precipitation inch = 3.12 |Dec precipitation inch = 2.67 |Jan precipitation days = 12.8 |Feb precipitation days = 11.3 |Mar precipitation days = 11.5 |Apr precipitation days = 12.5 |May precipitation days = 12.8 |Jun precipitation days = 12.7 |Jul precipitation days = 12.1 |Aug precipitation days = 12.1 |Sep precipitation days = 10.6 |Oct precipitation days = 11.9 |Nov precipitation days = 14.0 |Dec precipitation days = 14.3 |unit precipitation days = .01 in |Jan snow inch = 20.4 |Feb snow inch = 15.9 |Mar snow inch = 14.2 |Apr snow inch = 4.6 |May snow inch = 0 |Jun snow inch = 0 |Jul snow inch = 0 |Aug snow inch = 0 |Sep snow inch = 0 |Oct snow inch = .8 |Nov snow inch = 8.0 |Dec snow inch = 18.1 |Jan snow days = 10.8 |Feb snow days = 8.4 |Mar snow days = 6.6 |Apr snow days = 3.1 |May snow days = 0 |Jun snow days = 0 |Jul snow days = 0 |Aug snow days = 0 |Sep snow days = 0 |Oct snow days = .8 |Nov snow days = 5.1 |Dec snow days = 10.4 |unit snow days = .1 in |source 1 = NOAA [7] |date=April 2013}} Demographics{{US Census population|1850= 1845 |1860= 1839 |1870= 1882 |1880= 2060 |1890= 6812 |1900= 8448 |1910= 10734 |1920= 10008 |1930= 11307 |1940= 10909 |1950= 10922 |1960= 10387 |1970= 10209 |1980= 9824 |1990= 9482 |2000= 9291 |2010= 9052 |estyear=2014 |estimate=8837 |estref=[8] |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[9][10] }} As of the census[1] of 2000, there were 9,291 people, 4,220 households, and 2,253 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,309.4 people per square mile (892.4/km2). There were 4,477 housing units at an average density of 1,112.8 per square mile (430.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 97.40% White, 0.48% Black or African American, 0.38% Native American, 0.52% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.32% from other races, and 0.89% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.68% of the population. There were 4,220 households out of which 26.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.0% were couples living together and joined in either marriage or civil union, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.6% were non-families. Of all households 39.2% were made up of individuals and 16.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.86. In the city, the population was spread out with 22.4% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 27.0% from 45 to 69, and 13.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.6 males. The median income for a household in the city was $30,393, and the median income for a family was $42,660. Males had a median income of $33,175 versus $20,319 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,724. About 9.9% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.2% of those under age 18 and 12.6% of those age 65 or over. Arts and Culture
GovernmentThe mayor of Barre is Lucas Herring.[13] Barre City has a "weak mayor" form of government, and mayors serve two-year terms, with nonpartisan elections held in March. The city is divided into three wards, and each ward elects two members of the city council. Councilors serve staggered two-year terms, so one council seat from each ward is up for election every March.[14] Barre City also elects a full-time city clerk and treasurer. The current Clerk and Treasurer is Carolyn S. Dawes.[15] The city of Barre employs a full-time city manager. Steven Mackenzie, a former member of the city council, currently holds this position.[16] Sports{{main|Vermont Frost Heaves}}A Premier Basketball League (PBL) team, the Vermont Frost Heaves, played its games in Barre at the Barre Auditorium and at the Memorial Auditorium in Burlington, Vermont. The team was originally owned by Sports Illustrated writer Alexander Wolff. A local group later assumed ownership and operated the Heaves until the team ceased operations in late 2010 and subjected its players to a dispersal draft. The Vermont Mountaineers, a collegiate summer baseball team which belongs to the New England Collegiate Baseball League, plays its home games at nearby Montpelier Recreation Field.
The quarter-mile, high-banked Thunder Road International Speedbowl is the premier motorsports venue in the state, and associated with notable NASCAR figures Ken Squier and Dave Moody. Vermont Governor Phil Scott often participates in the track's "Governor's Cup 150" among other events. Thunder Road is also frequented by the American Canadian Tour late-model series of New England, New York, and southeastern Canada. The track was built in 1958 and has been in operation since 1960. Notable people
Mayors of Barre{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
See also{{Portal|Vermont}}
References1. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://roadsidethoughts.com/vt/barre-xx-washington-summary.htm|title=Barre, Vermont|accessdate=2017-06-15}} 2. ^American Fact Finder. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 3 February 2012. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140815134909/http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk |date=August 15, 2014 }} 3. ^[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0048750/ Internet Movie Database entry, The Trouble with Harry], accessed October 7, 2018 4. ^[https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/1902040372.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Jun+26%2C+1960&author=&pub=Boston+Globe+(1960-1979)&desc=Hitchcock+Believes+Film-Going+Public+Has+Matured&pqatl=google Newspaper article, Hitchcock Believes Film-Going Public Has Matured], Boston Globe, June 26, 1960 5. ^Rich, Jack C., (1988) Materials and Methods of Sculpture, Dover Publications 6. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=lNsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA573&dq=Popular+Science+1936+plane+%22Popular+Mechanics%22&hl=en&ei=YQxKTqCgIeSDsgK6xpzSCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&sqi=2&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Popular%20Science%201936%20plane%20%22Popular%20Mechanics%22&f=true "Thirty-Five Ton Granite Cross from One Piece of Stone" Popular Mechanics, April 1936] article bottom of page 573 7. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.nws.noaa.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=btv |title = NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate = 2013-04-10}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2014/SUB-EST2014.html |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 |accessdate=June 4, 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150523034651/https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2014/SUB-EST2014.html |archivedate=May 23, 2015 |df= }} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html |title=Census of Population and Housing |publisher=Census.gov |accessdate=June 4, 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html |archivedate=May 12, 2015 |df= }} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vermonthistory.org/explorer|title=Vermont History Explorer|accessdate=August 7, 2015}} 11. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.studioplacearts.com/|title=Studio Place Arts|website=Studio Place Arts|language=en|access-date=2018-09-29}} 12. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.vtgranitemuseum.org/|title=Vermont Granite Museum {{!}} a living tradition of heritage, craft and culture|website=www.vtgranitemuseum.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-09-29}} 13. ^City officials, Barre. Accessed 2008-02-05. 14. ^Annual Report, City of Barre, Vermont, Fiscal Year July 1, 2005 to June 30, 2006 15. ^Contact information, Barre City Clerk, City of Barre web site, accessed May 15, 2011 16. ^Board of Directors biography, Steven Mackenzie {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091110055051/http://www.cvmc.org/interior.php/pid/1/sid/4/tid/116 |date=November 10, 2009 }}, Central Vermont Hospital web site, accessed May 15, 2011 17. ^[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=5psLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=lVQDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1388,5734756&dq=hollister+jackson+lieutenant+governor&hl=en Newspaper article, Weeks Vermont's Choice], by Associated Press, published in the St. Petersburgh Independent, September 15, 1926 18. ^Magazine article, Catastrophe: Vermont Vitality, Time magazine, December 12, 1927 19. ^Web page, History of the 1927 Flood, University of Vermont, accessed May 14, 2011 20. ^[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=5okhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2pcFAAAAIBAJ&pg=3096,1505790&dq=hollister+jackson+lieutenant+governor&hl=en Newspaper article, Reading Woman Safe in Flooded Barre], Reading Eagle, November 7, 1927 21. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.sec.state.vt.us/media/246658/A-260.pdf |title=Biography, James F. Milne |website=Secretary of State James F. Milne Records, 1995 to 1999 |publisher=Vermont Secretary of State |location=Montpelier, VT |access-date=January 18, 2017}} 22. ^Annual report, City of Barre, Vermont, Fiscal Year July 1, 2007 – June 30, 2008
External links{{commons category|Barre (city), Vermont}}{{EB1911 poster|Barre}}
Sites of interest
5 : Cities in Vermont|Micropolitan areas of Vermont|Barre, Vermont|Barre (city), Vermont|Cities in Washington County, Vermont |
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