1. See also

2. References

ARTS (Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator) is a widely used

name="garlic">{{cite journal|last=Scheier|first=F.|last2=Gimeno García|first2=S.|last3=Hedelt|first3=P.|last4=Hess|first4=M.|last5=Mendrok|first5=J.|last6=Vasquez|first6=M.|last7=Xu|first7=J.|title=GARLIC - A general purpose atmospheric radiative transfer line-by-line infrared-microwave code: Implementation and evaluation|journal=Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer|date=April 2014|volume=137|pages=29–50|doi=10.1016/j.jqsrt.2013.11.018|bibcode=2014JQSRT.137...29S}}

atmospheric radiative transfer simulator for infrared, microwave, and sub-millimeter wavelengths.

name="paper">{{cite journal|last=Eriksson |first=P. |last2=Buehler |first2=S. A. |last3=Davis |first3=C. P. |last4=Emde |first4=C. |last5=Lemke |first5=O. |date=2011 |title=ARTS, the atmospheric radiative transfer simulator, Version 2 |journal=Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer |url=http://radiativetransfer.org/docs/arts-2-0-paper.pdf |volume=112 |issue=10 |pages=1551–1558 |doi=10.1016/j.jqsrt.2011.03.001 |access-date=2016-11-02|bibcode=2011JQSRT.112.1551E }}

While the model is developed by a community, core development is done by the University of Hamburg and Chalmers University, with previous participation from Luleå University of Technology and University of Bremen.

Whereas most radiative transfer models are developed for a specific instrument, ARTS is one of few models that aims to be generically applicable.

name="burrows">{{cite book |last1=Burrows |first1=John P. |last2=Platt |first2=Ulrich |last3=Borrell |first3=Peter |date=2011 |title=The Remote Sensing of Tropospheric Composition from Space |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |pages=158–160|isbn=9783642147913}}

It is designed from basic physical principles and has been used in a wide range of situations. It supports fully polarised radiative transfer calculations in clear-sky or cloudy conditions in 1-D, 2-D, or 3-D geometries,

name="herbin">{{cite book |last1=Herbin |first1=Hervé |last2=Dubuisson |first2=Philippe |date=2015 |title=Infrared Observation of Earth's Atmosphere |isbn=9781848215603 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons|page=198}}

including the calculations of Jacobians.

Cloudy simulations support liquid and ice clouds with particles of varying sizes and shapes

name="esa">{{cite report |author=Claudia Emde |author2=Rüdiger Büll |author3=Robert Buras |author4=Françoise Faure |author5=Ulrich Hamann |author6=Arve Kylling |author7=Bernhard Mayer |author8=Ralf Meerkötter|date=June 4, 2008|title=Towards a Generic Radiative Transfer Model for the Earth’s Surface-Atmosphere System: ESAS-Light, WP1100: Literature survey Radiative transfer tool|url= http://esaslight.libradtran.org/internal/Wiki/lib/exe/fetch.php?id=task1&cache=cache&media=rt_models.pdf|publisher=European Space Agency |id=AO/1 -5433/07/NL/HE|access-date=2016-11-03}}

and supports multiple-scattering simulations.

name="griessbach">{{cite journal|last=Griessbach|first=Sabine|last2=Hoffman|first2=Lars|last3=Höpfner|first3=Michael|last4=Riese|first4=Martin|last5=Spang|first5=Reinhold|date=September 2013|title=Scattering in infrared radiative transfer: A comparison between the spectrally averaging model JURASSIC and the line-by-line model KOPRA|volume=127|pages=102–118|doi=10.1016/j.jqsrt.2013.05.004|journal=Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer|bibcode=2013JQSRT.127..102G}}

Absorption is calculated line-by-line, with continua

name="matz">{{cite book |last=Mätzler |first=C. |date=2006 |title=Thermal Microwave Radiation: Applications for Remote Sensing |isbn=9780863415739 |publisher=Institution of Engineering and Technology|pages=54–56}}

or using a lookup table.

name="lut">{{cite journal |last1=Buehler |first1=S. A. |last2=Eriksson |first2=P. |last3=Lemke |first3=O. |date=2011 |title=Absorption lookup tables in the radiative transfer model ARTS |journal=Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer |volume=112 |issue=10 |pages=1159–1567 |doi=10.1016/j.jqsrt.2011.03.008 |bibcode=2011JQSRT.112.1559B }}

The user programs ARTS by the means of a simple scripting language.

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ARTS is a physics-based model and therefore much slower than many radiative transfer models that are used operationally and is currently unable to simulate solar, visible, or shortwave radiation.

ARTS has been used at the University of Maryland to assess radiosonde humidity measurements,

name="moradi">{{cite journal|last=Moradi|first=I.|last2=Soden|first2=B.|last3=Ferraro|first3=R.|last4=Arkin|first4=P.|last5=Vömel|first5=H.|date=2013|title=Assessing the quality of humidity measurements from global operational radiosonde sensors|journal=J. Geophys. Res. Atmospheres|volume=118|pages=8840–8853|doi=10.1002/jgrd.80589|doi-broken-date=2019-02-18}}

by the University of Bern for water vapour retrievals,

name="tschanz">{{cite journal|last=Tschanz|first=B.|last2=Straub|first2=C.|last3=Scheiben|first3=D.|last4=Walker|first4=K.A.|last5=Stiller|first5=G.P.|last6=Kämpfer|first6=N.|title=Validation of middle-atmospheric campaign-based water vapour measured by the ground-based microwave radiometer MIAWARA-C|journal=Atmospheric Measurement Techniques|date=2013|volume=6|issue=7|pages=1725–1745|doi=10.5194/amt-6-1725-2013|bibcode=2013AMT.....6.1725T}}

by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology for Carbon monoxide retrievals above Antarctica,

name="co">{{cite journal|last=Straub|first=C|last2=Espy|first2=P.J.|last3=Hibbins|first3=R.E.|last4=Newnham|first4=D.A.|title=Mesospheric CO above Troll station, Antarctica observed by a ground based microwave radiometer|journal=Earth System Science Data|volume=5|issue=1|date=10 June 2013|pages=199–208|doi=10.5194/essd-5-199-2013|bibcode=2013ESSD....5..199S}}

and by the Japanese space agency JAXA to aid the development of retrievals from JEM/SMILES,

name="jaxa">{{cite journal|last=Chikako|first=Takahashi|last2=Satoshi|first2=Ochiai|last3=Makoto|first3=Suzuki|title=Operational retrieval algorithms for JEM/SMILES level 2 data processing system|journal=Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer|volume=111|issue=1|date=January 2010|pages=160–173|doi=10.1016/j.jqsrt.2009.06.005|bibcode=2010JQSRT.111..160T}}

among others. According to the ARTS website {{as of |2016|11 |lc=y|post=,|df=US}} ARTS has been used in at least 154 peer-reviewed scientific publications.^[1]

See also

• Atmospheric radiative transfer codes

References

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