| 词条 | Balkan Cinema building, Belgrade |
| 释义 |
| name = "Balkan" Cinema | image = Биоскоп „Балкан“ 2012-09-17 17-37-14.jpg | location_city = Belgrade | location = Stari grad | location_country = Serbia | start_date = 1870 | classification = Cultural monument | embedded = | embed = yes | parent = Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage of Serbia | city = Belgrade | address = 14, Kalemegdan, 11000 | website ={{url|beogradskonasledje.rs/}} }}Cinema "Balkan" ({{lang-sr|Биоскоп "Балкан"}}, {{lang|sr-Latn|Bioskop "Balkan"}}) is located in Belgrade at 16 Braće Jugovića Street. As a facility where significant events in the history and culture of Belgrade and Serbia took place and as part of the complex of buildings that were created in the late 19th century, the building of the "Balkan" Cinema represents a testimony to the cultural, urban and architectural development of Belgrade during the second half of the 19th century and has the status of a cultural monument since 1984.[1][2] HistoryThe building, which was built between 1867 and 1870 on the foundations of the former Turkish caravanserai. The one floor edifice was financed by Đorđe Pašona, manufacturer of alcoholic beverages. It was originally intended to partially host the Bulevar hotel and partially to have commercial areas for renting. The hotel with 14 rooms occupied to upper floor, while kafanas and shops, with a garden and a backyard, were located on the ground level. Pašona took a loan from Vanđel Toma, a well-known tobacco manufacturer, to build the hotel, but ran out of money, so after several years he handed over the edifice to Toma as a collateral. Toma fully bought it out in 1900, after Pašona's death.[3][4][5][6] This representative, academically shaped building consists of three separate units between the modern streets of Makedonska, Braće Jugovića and Despot Stefan Boulevard, next to which a part of the building was added later, whose ground included a large hall for dancing and weddings. This Hall decorated with elaborate chandeliers, large mirrors and lanterns in the late 19th century, hosted the Austrian and Czech musical chapel, so the Boulevard became the "first Belgrade Music Hall".[7] It often hosted capellas from Austria and Bohemia. The Belgrade Opera operated from 1909 to 1911 in the building, under the direction of Žarko Savić, which is why the entire hotel later became known as the "Opera".[5] Only three years after the first film screening in Belgrade, in 1899,[8] the first film was shown in this room. Permanent cinema at the hotel began operating in 1912, as the first such facility in Belgrade,[8] under the name "Grand Cinema of Gomon Family at the Opera Hotel." "Balkan" Cinema was given its current name at the beginning of 1928. At one time theater performances by the comedian Brana Cvetković also took place at the hotel. His cabaret was known as the "Brana's Orpheum", in which he commented everyday happenings. He was doing almost everything by himself, acting as a screenwriter, director, scenic designer, composer, conférencier and actor. Many Serbian actors had guest appearances, including Žanka Stokić, which here originated her comedic character of Pela the Washerwoman. The "Orpheum" was always starting with the "Report", which consisted of different lyrics on one the same melody. This concept was taken after World War II by the "Joyful evening" (Veselo veče), one of the most popular radio shows in Serbia.[5] The "Ruska Lira" kafana, renamed "Zora" after World War II, was located in the building, on the Makedonska Street side.[9] In it, the pilots of the 6th Fighter Aviation Regiment, which defended the capital Belgrade, waited for the orders in the wake of the German attack in 1941. A bit after the midnight on 6 April 1941 they were summoned and were transported to the airport in Tošin Bunar by the taxis which also waited all day in front of the building.[5] Thanks to the film director Darko Bajić, the cinema worked until 2008. It was later sold to a privately owned company which closed it in 2010 for the "emergency reconstruction".[8] After years of dubious actions surrounding the building (changing of the interior, even though the building is protected by the law, and apparent attempt to change the purpose of the building), the investors said that they are actually trying just to reconstruct the interior so that Balkan can be cinema again, but as of 2018 it is still "under reconstruction". In March 2018, the owner of the building Saša Marčeta, who was imprisoned for 6 months because of the machinations surrounding the purchase of the building, announced that the reconstructed cinema will be open in the fall of 2020.[2] See more
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Завод за заштиту споменика културе града Београда|url=http://beogradskonasledje.rs/kd/zavod/stari_grad/bioskop_balkan.html|accessdate=23 May 2017}} 2. ^1 {{ cite news | author = Daliborka Mučibabić | title = Bioskop "Balkan" otvara se 2020. godine | trans-title = "Balkan" cinema opens in 2020 | newspaper = Politika | page = 14 | language = Serbian | date = 2 March 2018 }} 3. ^{{cite book | last1 = Алексић | first1 = В.| last2 = Весковић | first2 = И.| last3 = Петровић |first3=Ј.|title=Београдски странци, прича о космополитизму и енергији града који траје|date=2009|publisher=ТОБ|location=Београд}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Поповић|first1=Д.|title=О Цинцарима|date=1998|location=Београд}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite news | author = Dragan Perić | title = Ко гради тај се и нервира | trans-title = He who builds is the one who's annoyed | newspaper = Politika-Magazin, No. 1082 | page = 28 | language = Serbian | date = 24 June 2018 }} 6. ^{{cite journal|title=Досије споменика културе Биоскоп Балкан|journal=документација Завода за заштиту споменика културе града Београда}} 7. ^{{cite book|last1=Ђурић Замоло|first1=Др Дивна|title=Хотели и кафане 19. века у Београду|date=1988|publisher=МГБ|location=Београд}} 8. ^1 2 {{Citation | last = | first = | author = S.Šulović | title = Beograd spao na 9 bioskopa | newspaper = 24 sata | pages = 3 | language = Serbian | date = 27 September 2013 | url = }} 9. ^{{cite news | author = Branka Vasiljević | title = Spomenik pilotima obnoviće opština Zemun | trans-title = Monument to pilots will be restored by the Zemun municipality | newspaper = Politika | page = 14 | language = Serbian | date = 15 March 2019 | url = http://www.politika.rs/sr/clanak/425077/Spomenik-pilotima-obnovice-opstina-Zemun}} External links
1 : Buildings and structures in Belgrade |
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