| 词条 | Brian Stewart (archaeologist) |
| 释义 |
|name = Brian A. Stewart |birth_date = {{birth date |1978|07|31 | df=yes}} |birth_place = Rockford, Illinois |occupation = {{hlist|Archaeologist}} |alma mater = {{hlist|University of Vermont|Oxford University}} |known_for = {{ubl|Archaeology of Lesotho|Theory of Generalist Specialist}} }} Brian A. Stewart is an anthropological archaeologist, assistant professor of anthropology, and curator of Paleolithic archaeology at the University of Michigan Museum of Anthropological Archaeology.[1] He is also an honorary research fellow at the Rock Art Institute of the University of the Witwatersrand.[2] His research focuses primarily on prehistoric hunter-gatherer societies of Africa, especially southern Africa.[3] He is particularly interested in determining when, how, and where humans developed adaptive plasticity. Brian Stewart has directed excavations of many sites, mostly in Lesotho and South Africa, among the most notable are Spitzkloof, Sehonghong, and Melikane. EducationBrian Stewart received a Bachelors of Arts in Anthropology in 2000 from the University of Vermont. He went on to receive his M.St. with high distinction in 2001 and his Ph.D in 2008 from the University of Oxford. He completed his dissertation under the mentorship of Dr. Peter Mitchell, focused on a spatial analysis of the Late Stone Age campsite of Dunefield Midden in South Africa.[4] After receiving his doctorate, Stewart was a Junior Research Fellow (2008-2012) and Postdoctoral Research Fellow (2010-2012) at the University of Cambridge. He went on to hold the title of Lecturer at Harvard University (2012-2013) before joining the faculty of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Michigan[5] at the rank of Assistant Professor and becoming Curator of Paleolithic Archaeology at the University of Michigan Museum of Anthropological Archaeology.[6] ResearchBrian Stewart's research investigates the behavior plasticity of Stone Age people, focused primarily in southern Africa. Coastal-based research in southern Africa over the last few decades have brought much attention to this record, as archaeologists have documented diverse materials signatures of symbolic behaviors (beads, ochres, incised ostrich egg shells, etc.) dating to ~80,0000 years ago.[7] Before this, symbolic behavior, though considered a hallmark of modern humans, was thought to have emerged as humans entered the challenging environments of Europe as they spread to that continent ~40,000 years ago. Stewart's work with colleagues is important in so much that it spreads the focus of Middle Stone Age research in southern Africa from nearly exclusively coastal cave sites to include the habitation of the highlands of Lesotho. Not only does this help overcome the geographical bias of the region's research to date, it provides a more holistic view of the lifeways of Middle Stone Age peoples, as these environments were far less favorable for human settlement, requiring unique social and technological adaptations. Thus, Stewart's research is imperative in that it investigates the behavioral plasticity of people during the first period of unequivocal evidence of symbolic expression and behavioral modernity. AwardsBrian Stewart gained much notoriety in 2008 after winning the inaugural 'Dance your Ph.D.' competition with his interpretive dance depicting a hunter sharing the spoils of a kill with a chilled woman sitting at a campfire.[8][9][10] In 2017, Stewart received a senior research grant from the Division Of Behavioral and Cognitive Science of the National Science Foundation to conduct collaborative research on the human adaptation to high altitude.[11] In that same year, Stewart, along with colleagues, received a Research and Exploration Grant from the National Geographic Society to conduct a disciplinary study the long-term human occupation of Nama Karoo desert in South Africa.[12] PublicationsBooks
Articles
References1. ^{{Cite web | url=https://lsa.umich.edu/ummaa/research/brian-stewart.html | title=Brian Stewart | U-M LSA Museum of Anthropological Archaeology|website=Lsa.umich.edu}} {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Stewart, Brian}}2. ^{{Cite web | url=https://www.wits.ac.za/rockart/ | title=Rock Art Research Insititute - Wits University|website=Wits.ac.za}} 3. ^{{Cite web | url=https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/brianstewart/ | title=Brian A. Stewart | Assistant Professor of Anthropology, Curator of Paleolithic Archaeology|website=Sites.lsa.umich.edu}} 4. ^{{cite journal |doi=10.1080/0067270X.2011.580141 |title='Residues of parts unchewable': Stages two and three of a multivariate taphonomic analysis of the Dunefield Midden bovid bones |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=46 |issue=2 |pages=141–168 |year=2011 |last1=Stewart |first1=Brian A. }} 5. ^{{Cite web | url=https://lsa.umich.edu/anthro/people/faculty/archaeological-faculty.html | title=Archaeological Faculty | U-M LSA Anthropology|website=Lsa.umich.edu}} 6. ^{{Cite web | url=https://lsa.umich.edu/ummaa/people/curators.html | title=Curators | U-M LSA Museum of Anthropological Archaeology|website=Lsa.umich.edu}} 7. ^{{cite journal |doi=10.1098/rstb.2010.0340 |pmid=21357228 |pmc=3049097 |title=Evolution, revolution or saltation scenario for the emergence of modern cultures? |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=366 |issue=1567 |pages=1060–1069 |year=2011 |last1=d'Errico |first1=F. |last2=Stringer |first2=C. B. }} 8. ^{{Cite journal | url=http://science.sciencemag.org/content/319/5865/905.2.full | doi=10.1126/science.319.5865.905b| pmid=18276873| title=Can Scientists Dance?| journal=Science| volume=319| issue=5865| pages=905.2–905| year=2008| last1=Bohannon| first1=John}} 9. ^{{Cite web | url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/it-all-began-with-a-2 | title=Scientists Turn Ph.D. Research into Dance|website=Pbs.org| date=2011-10-18}} 10. ^{{Cite web | url=https://tierneylab.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/02/14/dancing-dissertations/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0 | title=Dancing Dissertations|website=Tierneylab.blogs.nytimes.com| date=2008-02-14}} 11. ^{{Cite web | url=https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1724435&HistoricalAwards=false | title=NSF Award Search: Award#1724435 - Human Adaptation to High Altitude Environments|website=Nsf.gov}} 12. ^{{Cite web | url=https://lsa.umich.edu/ummaa/news-events/all-news/search-news/nat-geo-grant-for-ummaa-curator-.html | title=Nat Geo grant for UMMAA curator | U-M LSA Museum of Anthropological Archaeology|website=Lsa.umich.edu}} 5 : 1978 births|Living people|Alumni of the University of Oxford|University of Vermont alumni|University of Michigan faculty |
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