“DAMRI bus”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

DAMRI or Djawatan Angkoetan Motor Repoeblik Indonesia ("Motor Vehicles Board of the Republic of Indonesia") refers to an Indonesian state owned public transit bus company. They offer transit routes to and from eight major airports in the country, including Soekarno–Hatta International Airport.^[1] They also operate within Transjakarta dedicated lanes, and operate intercity buses as well as some transborder routes into neighboring nations.

As of June 2016, there are plans to have DAMRI operate routes directly to hotels in Jakarta, rather than only transit terminals.^[2]

History

In 1943, there were two transport companies under the Japanese occupation: {{nihongo|the Java Transportation Enterprise|ジャワ運輸事業社|Jawa Un'yu Jigyōsha|lead=yes|extra=Nihon-shiki: Zyawa Un'yu Zigyôsya}}, which specialized itself as transport for cargo using trucks and wagon, and the {{nihongo|Automobile Board|自動車総局|Jidōsha Sōkyoku|lead=yes|extra=Nihon-shiki: Zidôsha Sôkyoku}}, which served transport for people using buses or motor vehicles. After Indonesia proclaimed independence in 1945, under the management of the transport department, Jawa Unyu Zigyosha changed its name to Djawatan Pengangkoetan untuk angkutan barang, while Zidosha Sokyoku changed its name to Djawatan Angkutan Darat untuk angkutan penumpang.

By 25 November 1946, both services were unified based on Maklumat Menteri Perhubungan RI No.01/DAM/46, and Djawatan Angkoetan Motor Repoeblik Indonesia (DAMRI) was formed, with its main job being to operate ground transport with bus, truck and other motor vehicles.

That job became the historical spirit of DAMRI that has played an active role in the struggle to keep the nation's independence against Dutch military aggression.

In 1961, there was a change of status of DAMRI that became Badan Pimpinan Umum Perusahaan Negara (BPUPN) based on Peraturan Pemerintah No. 233 Tahun 1961, which at 1965 BPUPN was erased and DAMRI became a Government Company (PN).

In 1982, DAMRI changed its status into a public company (Perum) based on Peraturan Pemerintah No. 31 Tahun 1984, and Peraturan Pemerintah No. 31 Tahun 2002 that was made after the change of status. DAMRI stays as a Perum until now, and is given a job to operate public transportation service for passengers or cargo on the road using motor vehicles.

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.damri.co.id/|title=Selamat Datang di Perum DAMRI|website=Damri.co.id|accessdate=10 June 2016}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/06/09/damri-buses-to-serve-airport-hotel-routes.html|title=Damri buses to serve airport-hotel routes|website=Thejakartapost.com|accessdate=10 June 2016}}