词条 | Youssou N'Dour | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
|name = Youssou N'Dour |image = YoussouNdour20090913.jpg |caption = N'Dour in Warsaw on 13 September 2009 |office = Minister of Tourism of Senegal |primeminister = Abdoul Mbaye |term_start = 5 April 2012 |term_end = September 2013 |predecessor = Thierno Lo |successor = |birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1959|10|1}} |birth_place = Dakar, Senegal |death_date = |death_place = |party = |religion = Islam }}{{Infobox musical artist | name = Youssou N'Dour | image = | caption = | image_size = | background = solo_singer | birth_name = Youssou N'Dour | alias = Youssou Ndour | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1959|10|1}} | death_date = | origin = Dakar, Senegal | instrument = | genre = Mbalax | occupation = Singer, percussionist | years_active = 1970s–present | label = Columbia Records Chaos Recordings Real World Records Nonesuch Records | associated_acts = | website = {{URL|youssou.com}} }} Youssou N'Dour ({{IPA-fr|jusu nˈduʁ}}; born 1 October 1959) is a Senegalese singer, songwriter, composer, occasional actor, businessman, and politician. In 2004, Rolling Stone magazine described him as, "perhaps the most famous singer alive" in Senegal and much of Africa.[1] From April 2012 to September 2013, he was Senegal's Minister of Tourism. N'Dour helped develop a style of popular Senegalese music called mbalax, a genre that fused traditional polyrhythms derived from the Wolof sabar with popular urban dance music primarily from the African diaspora.[2] He is the subject of the award-winning films Return to Gorée (2007) directed by Pierre-Yves Borgeaud and I Bring What I Love (2008) directed by Elizabeth Chai Vasarhelyi, which were released around the world. In 2006, N'Dour was cast as Olaudah Equiano in the film Amazing Grace. Early lifeN'Dour was born in Dakar to a Toucouleur mother and a Serer father. He started performing at age 12 and was performing regularly with the Star Band, Dakar's most popular group during the early 1970s. Despite N'Dour's maternal connection to the traditional griot caste, he was not raised in that tradition, which he learned instead from his siblings. His parents' world view encouraged a modern outlook, leaving him open to two cultures and thereby inspiring N'Dour's identity as a modern griot. As a Muslim, he has often incorporated aspects of Islamic music in his work.[3] Music careerIn 1979, he formed his own ensemble, the Étoile de Dakar. His early work with the group, in the Latin style, was popular all over Africa during that time. In the 1980s, he developed a unique sound with his ultimate group, Super Étoile de Dakar featuring Jimi Mbaye on guitar, bassist Habib Faye, and tama (talking drum) player Assane Thiam. By 1991, he had opened his own recording studio, and, by 1995, his own record label, Jololi. N'Dour is one of the most celebrated African musicians in history. His mix of traditional Senegalese mbalax with eclectic influences ranging from Cuban rumba to hip hop, jazz, and soul won him an international fan base of millions. In the West, N'Dour collaborated with Peter Gabriel,[4] Axelle Red,[5] Sting,[6] Alan Stivell,[7] Bran Van 3000,[8] Neneh Cherry,[9] Wyclef Jean,[6] Paul Simon,[9] Bruce Springsteen, Tracy Chapman, James Newton Howard, Branford Marsalis, Ryuichi Sakamoto, Dido, Lou Reed, Bruce Cockburn, and others. The New York Times described his voice as an "arresting tenor, a supple weapon deployed with prophetic authority".[10] N'Dour's work absorbed the entire Senegalese musical spectrum, often filtered through the lens of genre-defying rock or pop music from outside Senegalese culture. In July 1993, Africa Opera composed by N'Dour premiered at the Opéra Garnier for the French Festival Paris quartier d'été.[11] In 1994, N'dour released his biggest international hit single, the trilingual "7 Seconds", a duet sung with Neneh Cherry. He wrote and performed the official anthem of the 1998 FIFA World Cup with Axelle Red "La Cour des Grands".[5] Folk Roots magazine described him as the African Artist of the Century. He toured internationally for thirty years. He won his first American Grammy Award (best contemporary world music album) for his CD Egypt in 2005.{{citation needed|date=January 2012}} He is the proprietor of L'Observateur, one of the widest-circulation newspapers in Senegal, the radio station RFM (Radio Future Medias) and the TV channel TFM. In 2002, N'Dour was honoured with a Prince Claus Award, under that year's theme "Languages and transcultural forms of expression". In 2006, N'Dour played the role of the African-British abolitionist Olaudah Equiano in the movie Amazing Grace, which chronicled the efforts of William Wilberforce to end slavery in the British Empire.[12] In 2008, N'Dour offered one of his compositions, Bébé, for the French singer Cynthia Brown.{{citation needed|date=January 2012}} In 2011, N'Dour was awarded an honorary doctoral degree in Music from Yale University.[13] In 2013, N'Dour won a share of Sweden's $150,000 Polar music prize for promoting understanding between faiths as well as for his music.[14] ActivismN'Dour was nominated as Goodwill Ambassador of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) on 16 October 2000.[15] In Senegal, N'Dour became a powerful cultural icon, actively involved in social issues. In 1985, he organized a concert for the release of Nelson Mandela. He was a featured performer in the 1988 worldwide Amnesty International Human Rights Now! Tour collaborating with Lou Reed on a version of the Peter Gabriel song "Biko" which was produced by Richard James Burgess and featured on the Amnesty International benefit album The Secret Policeman's Third Ball. He worked with the United Nations and UNICEF, and he started Project Joko to open internet cafés in Africa and to connect Senegalese communities around the world. In 2003, N'Dour cancelled an upcoming American tour in order to publicly deny support for the upcoming American invasion of Iraq. In a public statement explaining his decision, N'Dour said: It is my strong conviction that the responsibility for disarming Iraq should rest with the United Nations. As a matter of conscience I question the United States government's apparent intention to commence war in Iraq. I believe that coming to America at this time would be perceived in many parts of the world--rightly or wrongly--as support for this policy, and that, as a consequence, it is inappropriate to perform in the US at this juncture.[16]He performed in three of the Live 8 concerts (in Live 8 concert, London, Live 8 concert, Paris and at the Live 8 concert, Eden Project in Cornwall) on 2 July 2005, with Dido.[17] He covered John Lennon's "Jealous Guy" for the 2007 CD The Amnesty International Campaign to Save Darfur. He appeared in a joint Spain-Senegal ad campaign to inform the African public about the dramatic consequences of illegal immigration.{{citation needed|date=January 2012}} N'Dour participated in the Stock Exchange of Visions project in 2007.[18] In 2008, he joined the Fondation Chirac's honour committee.[19] The same year, Youssou N'Dour's microfinance organization named Birima ("Birima" is also a song's title) was launched with the collaboration of United Colors of Benetton. In 2009, he released his song "Wake Up (It's Africa Calling)" under a Creative Commons license to help IntraHealth International in their IntraHealth Open campaign to bring open source health applications to Africa. The song was remixed by a variety of artists including Nas, Peter Buck of R.E.M., and Duncan Sheik to help raise money for the campaign.[20] N'Dour is a supporter of the Campaign for the Establishment of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly, an organisation which advocates for democratic reformation of the United Nations.[21] N'Dour is a member of the Canadian charity Artists Against Racism. [22] Political careerAt the beginning of 2012, he announced plans to stand as a candidate in the 2012 Senegalese presidential election, competing against President Abdoulaye Wade.[23][24] However, he was disqualified from running in the election over the legitimacy of the signatures he had collected to endorse his campaign.[25] N'Dour backed the opposition candidate Macky Sall, who defeated Wade in a second round of voting in March 2012. N'Dour was appointed as Minister of Culture and Tourism in April 2012 as part of the cabinet of new Prime Minister Abdoul Mbaye.[26] The story of N'Dour's presidential campaign was filmed for the PBS TV program, "Sound Tracks: Music Without Borders." [27] Later his portfolio was modified and he was appointed as Minister of Tourism and Leisure. He was dismissed from that post on 2 September 2013, when a new government under Prime Minister Aminata Touré was appointed.[28] N'Dour was instead appointed as Special Adviser to the President, with the rank of minister,[29] and tasked with promoting the country abroad.[30] DiscographyAlbums
Compilation albums
Collaborations
Singles
FilmsAmazing Grace (2006)
Retour à Gorée (2007)
I Bring What I Love (2008)
References1. ^Considine, J. D., and Matos, Michaelangelo, [https://www.rollingstone.com/artists/youssoundour/biography "Biography: Youssou N'Dour"] RollingStone.com, 2004. 2. ^Mangin, Timothy, Mbalax: Cosmopolitanism in Senegalese Urban Popular Music, PhD. Dissertation, Department of Music, Columbia University, 2013. 3. ^{{cite news |title=A song and a prayer |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2004/may/23/worldmusic.islam |work=The Guardian |date=23 May 2004}} 4. ^{{cite news | last = Llewellyn Smith | first = Caspar | url = https://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/jun/15/worldmusic.musicmonthly2 | title = Soundtrack of my life: Youssou N'Dour | publisher = Guardian.co.uk | date = 15 June 2008 | accessdate = 4 January 2012 | location=London}} 5. ^1 {{cite news | last = Perrone | first = Pierre | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/music-the-song-remains-the-game-1156645.html | title = Music: The song remains the game | publisher = Independent.co.uk | date = 29 May 1998 | accessdate = 4 January 2012 | location=London}} 6. ^1 {{cite news | last = Hudson | first = Mark | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3587019/Supernatural-superstar.html | title = Supernatural superstar | publisher = Telegraph.co.uk | date = 12 December 2002 | accessdate = 4 January 2012 | location=London}} 7. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/scotland/article990987.ece?token=null&offset=12&page=2 | title = Scotland News – Listings: Critics' choice | publisher = TimesOnline.co.uk | date = 11 January 2004 }} 8. ^{{cite news | last = Gill | first = Andy | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/album-bran-van-3000-673995.html | title = Album: Bran van 3000 | publisher = Independent.co.uk | date = 14 June 2001 | location=London}} 9. ^1 {{cite news | last = Cumming | first = Tim | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/youssou-ndour-and-the-fathi-salama-orchestra-barbican-london-542612.html | title = Youssou N'Dour and the Fathi Salama Orchestra, Barbican, London | publisher = Independent.co.uk | date = 21 October 2004 }} 10. ^{{cite news | last = Powers | first = Ann | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/23/arts/world-music-review-african-drumbeats-that-shout-out-in-celebration.html | title = African Drumbeats That Shout Out in Celebration | publisher = NYTimes.com | date = 23 November 2000 }} 11. ^Polar Music Prize. 12. ^{{cite news | last = Moss | first = Stephen | url = https://www.theguardian.com/film/2007/mar/21/1 | title = I'm bringing a message | publisher = Guardian.co.uk | date = 21 March 2007 | location=London}} 13. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.yaledailynews.com/news/2011/may/23/university-confers-2907-degrees-310th-commencement/ | title = University confers 2,907 degrees at 310th Commencement | first1 = David | last1 = Burt | first2 = Max | last2 = de La Bruyère | work = The Daily Yale News | date = 23 May 2011 | accessdate = 3 January 2012 }} 14. ^{{cite news | url = https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/05/07/entertainment-us-sweden-music-award-idUSBRE9460B520130507/ | title = Youssou N'Dour's work for harmony lands Swedish music prize | publisher = Reuters | date = 7 May 2013 | first=Alistair | last=Scrutton}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/getinvolved/ambassadors/ambassadors/ambassadors-youssoundour/en/|title=Youssou N'Dour|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization|accessdate=16 September 2009}} 16. ^{{Cite web|url=http://robertchristgau.com/xg/rock/ndour-04.php|title=Facing Mecca|last=Christgau|first=Robert|date=2004-06-08|website=The Village Voice|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-12-08}} 17. ^{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/jul/03/live8.music6 | title = Dido, Youssou and the three-gig dash | work=The Observer|publisher = Guardian.co.uk | date = 3 July 2005 | location=London}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/nview.php?id=146029 |title=Youssou n'Dour the Africa's Music Maestro |publisher=ThisDayOnline.com |date=13 June 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101120100124/http://www.thisdayonline.com/nview.php?id=146029 |archivedate=20 November 2010 }} 19. ^Honour Committee of the Fondation Chirac 20. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.intrahealth.org/section/open | title = Open Initiative | publisher = IntraHealth | accessdate = 4 January 2012 }} 21. ^{{Cite news|url=http://en.unpacampaign.org/statements/page/4/|title=Statements|date=|work=Campaign for a UN Parliamentary Assembly|access-date=2017-09-28|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|language=en-US}} 22. ^{{Cite web|url=http://artistsagainstracism.org/artists/|title=Artists - Artists Against Racism|website=artistsagainstracism.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-25}} 23. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.seneweb.com/news/Politique/message-nouvel-an-youssou-ndour-confirme-sa-candidature-a-la-presidentielle-2012_n_56864.html | title = Message Nouvel an : Youssou Ndour confirme sa candidature à la Présidentielle 2012 | publisher = Seneweb | language = French | date = 2 January 2012 | accessdate = 3 January 2012 }} 24. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.walf.sn/politique/suite.php?rub=2&id_art=77931 | title = Course à la présidentielle : Youssou Ndour sur la ligne de départ | first = Charles Gaïky | last = Diene | work = WalFadjri | language = French | accessdate = 3 January 2012 }} 25. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-16770305|title=Senegal clashes erupt as court clears Wade poll bid|date=28 January 2012|work=BBC News}} 26. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-17620917 |title=Senegal musician Youssou Ndour given ministerial post | work=BBC News|date=5 April 2012}} 27. ^[https://www.pbs.org/soundtracks/stories/ndour/] 28. ^"Sénégal : un nouveau gouvernement formé, sans le chanteur Youssou Ndour", Agence France-Presse, 2 September 2013 {{fr icon}}. 29. ^"C’est officiel : Youssou N'dour nommé Conseiller spécial, avec rang de ministre", Dakaractu, 9 September 2013 {{fr icon}}. 30. ^Benjamin Roger, "Yasmina Khadra, Youssou N’Dour, George Weah… Ces personnalités qui rêvaient d’être président", Jeune Afrique, 8 November 2013 {{fr icon}}. 31. ^CHRISTGAU, ROBERT; FRICKE, DAVID; HOARD, CHRISTIAN; SHEFFIELD, ROB, [https://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/17601851/the_top_50_albums_of_2007/15 "The Top 50 Albums of 2007"] RollingStone.com, 17 December 2007 32. ^{{cite book| first= David| last= Roberts| year= 2006| title= British Hit Singles & Albums| edition= 19th| publisher= Guinness World Records Limited | location= London| isbn= 1-904994-10-5| page= 388}} 33. ^Australian chart peaks*Top 50 peaks: {{cite web|url=http://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Youssou+N%27Dour|title=australian-charts.com > Youssou N'Dour in Australian Charts|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=29 July 2016}}*"Undecided": {{cite web|url=http://i.imgur.com/oyPN1pW.jpg|title=Response from ARIA re: chart inquiry, received 14 July 2015|publisher=Imgur.com|accessdate=29 July 2016}} 34. ^{{cite web|url=http://lescharts.com/search.asp?search=Youssou+N%27Dour&cat=s |title=Youssou N'Dour - French Chart |publisher=lescharts.com |accessdate=27 October 2015}} 35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ultratop.be/fr/search.asp?search=Youssou%20N%27Dour&cat=s |title=Youssou N'Dour - Walloon Chart |publisher=ultratop.be |accessdate=27 October 2015}} 36. ^{{cite web|url=http://hitparade.ch/search.asp?search=Youssou%20N%27Dour&cat=s |title=Youssou N'Dour - Swiss Chart |publisher=hitparade.ch |accessdate=27 October 2015}} 37. ^{{cite web|url=http://germancharts.de/search.asp?cat=s&artist=Youssou+N%27Dour&artist_search=starts&title=&title_search=starts |title=Youssou N'Dour - German Chart |publisher=germancharts.de |accessdate=27 October 2015}} 38. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/431702/youssou-ndour/chart?f=379 |title=Youssou N'Dour – US Billboard Hot 100 Chart |publisher=billboard.com |accessdate=23 October 2015}} 39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/431702/youssou-ndour/chart?f=377 |title=Youssou N'Dour - US Alternative Songs |publisher=billboard.com |accessdate=10 August 2015}} 40. ^{{cite news|last=Regnier|first=Isabelle|title="Retour à Gorée" : la force de la musique des esclaves noirs au détriment de la vérité historique|url=http://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2008/04/01/retour-a-goree-la-force-de-la-musique-des-esclaves-noirs-au-detriment-de-la-verite-historique_1029687_3476.html|accessdate=14 March 2012|newspaper=Le Monde|date=1 April 2008|language=French}} 41. ^Curiel, Jonathan, "Return to Gorée" (review), San Francisco Chronicle, 19 September 2008. External links{{Commons category|Youssou N'Dour}}
15 : Serer singers|Serer politicians|1959 births|Living people|Senegalese male singers|People from Dakar|Wolof-language singers|English-language singers|French-language singers|Grammy Award winners|Senegalese Muslims|World music musicians|Government ministers of Senegal|Laureates of the Prince Claus Award|International opponents of apartheid in South Africa |
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