| 词条 | 1661 Granule |
| 释义 |
| minorplanet = yes | name = 1661 Granule | background = #D6D6D6 | image = | image_size = | caption = | discovery_ref = | discovered = 31 March 1916 | discoverer = M. Wolf | discovery_site = Heidelberg Obs. | mpc_name = (1661) Granule | alt_names = A916 FA{{·}}1936 PM {{mp|1949 QG|1}}{{·}}1949 SJ 1961 DB | named_after = {{nowrap|Edward Gall {{small|(pathologist)}}[2][3]}} | mp_category = main-belt{{·}}Flora [4] | orbit_ref = | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 101.07 yr (36,915 days) | aphelion = 2.3818 AU | perihelion = 1.9857 AU | semimajor = 2.1838 AU | eccentricity = 0.0907 | period = 3.23 yr (1,179 days) | mean_anomaly = 121.10° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.3054|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 3.0353° | asc_node = 261.69° | arg_peri = 328.08° | dimensions = 7.14 km {{small|(calculated)}}[4] | rotation = {{val|24}} h[7] | albedo = 0.24 {{small|(assumed)}}[4] | spectral_type = S [4][10] | abs_magnitude = 12.9[4]{{·}}{{val|12.99|0.22}}[10] }}1661 Granule, also designated {{mp|A916 FA}}, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 31 March 1916, by German astronomer Max Wolf at Heidelberg Observatiry in southern Germany, and named for American pathologist Edward Gall.[2][15] Classification and orbitThe S-type asteroid is a member of the Flora family, a large collisional population of stony asteroids in the inner main-belt. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.0–2.4 AU once every 3 years and 3 months (1,179 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic. Granule{{'}}s observation arc begins with its observation at Bergedorf Observatory, one month after its official discovery observation. (It is unclear whether "HD 17", Message from Heidelberg Observatory #17, is the official discovery observation due to a different time stamp).[15] Physical characteristicsRotation periodIn January 2006, the first rotational light-curve of Granule was obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomer René Roy. It gave a longer-than average rotation period of 24 hours with a brightness variation of 0.15 magnitude ({{small|U=2}}).[7] No other light-curves have been obtained yet. Size estimatesGranule has neither been observed by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, nor the Japanese Akari satellite, nor NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from the family's principal body and namesake, the asteroid 8 Flora – and calculates a diameter of 7.14 kilometers using an absolute magnitude of 12.9.[4]NamingThis minor planet was named in honor of Edward A. Gall, an internationally renowned American pathologist, former director of the University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center and president of USCAP. It was named on the occasion of his retirement to commemorate his career and his discovery of the Gall's granule, a feature of lymphocytes.[2][3] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center before November 1977 ({{small|M.P.C. 3757}}).[22] References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1661) Granule |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 132 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1662 |chapter = (1661) Granule }} [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]2. ^1 2 {{cite web |title = 1661 Granule (A916 FA) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1661 |accessdate = 23 December 2016}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |accessdate = 23 December 2016}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web |title = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1661) Granule |last = Behrend |first = Raoul |publisher = Geneva Observatory |url = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001661 |accessdate = 23 December 2016}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite web |title = Past-Presidents – Edward A. Gall |url = http://www.uscap.org/about/history/past-presidents/edward-a-gall |work = USCAP – The United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology |accessdate = 23 December 2016}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |title = LCDB Data for (1661) Granule |publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB) |url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=1661%7CGranule |accessdate = 23 December 2016}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 |access-date= 23 December 2016}} }} External links
5 : Flora asteroids|Discoveries by Max Wolf|Minor planets named for people|Named minor planets|Astronomical objects discovered in 1916 |
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