| 词条 | Georges Bruhat |
| 释义 |
|name = Georges Bruhat |image = |image_size = |caption = |birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1887|12|21}} |birth_place = Besançon |death_date = {{death date|1945|01|01||df=y}} |death_place = Sachsenhausen concentration camp |residence = France |citizenship = |nationality = French |religion = |ethnicity = |fields = Mathematics, physics |workplaces = École normale supérieure, Paris and others |alma_mater = École normale supérieure, Paris |doctoral_advisor = |academic_advisors = |doctoral_students = |notable_students = |known_for = Cours de physique générale |author_abbrev_bot = |author_abbrev_zoo = |influences = |influenced = |parents = |awards = Three Physicists Prize (Prix des trois physiciens) |signature = |footnotes = }} Georges Bruhat (* 21 December 1887 in Besançon; † 1 January 1945[1] in Sachsenhausen concentration camp) was a French Physicist. Life and Academic CareerBruhat studied physics from 1906 until 1909 at the École normale supérieure von Paris (ENS), with, among other, Henri Abraham, Marcel Brillouin and Aimé Cotton, and at the Sorbonne, among others with Gabriel Lippmann and Edmond Bouty. After being awarded a Licentiate (degree) in mathematics and physics he taught for one year at Gymnasium became (Préparateur) for the École normale supérieure von Paris, which gave him time to prepare his Promotion in 1914 with Aimé Cotton in Optics. During World War I he was involved with the development of sound devices, for which he received the Croix de guerre. In 1919 he became Maître de Conférences and in 1921 Professor at the University of Lille. In 1927 he became Maître de Conférences and soon thereafter Professor (without chair) at the Faculté des sciences in Paris, delegated to the ENS. In 1935 he became acting director and in 1941/42 Director of the ENS. In 1940 he received the chair of Eugène Bloch who had been removed by theVichy Regime's antisemitic laws. In 1944 he was arrested by the Gestapo as he was unwilling to collaborate and give prize the movements of the French resistance at the school. On the 16 of August, 1944, he was deported to Buchenwald concentration camp and died the 1st of January 1945 in Sachsenhausen of a lung infection. Georges Bruhat performed research in Optics (for instance optically active media, double refraction, wavelength dependencies of absorption and refractive index) and was known in France for his four volume physics texts (Cours de physique générale, Masson), whose volume on electricy appeared in 1924 (8. Edition 1963), the thermodynamics volume i 1926 (6. Edition 1968 revised by Alfred Kastler), the optics volue in 1930 (6. Edition 1968, revised by Kastler) the volume on mechanics in 1934 (6. Edition, 1967). A monograph on Polarisation was published in 1930 (Traité de la Polarimétrie). He is the father of mathematician François Bruhat and physicist Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat. Bruhat is one of three physicists given the Three Physicists Prize(Prix des trois physiciens) since 1951. Publications
[https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=au%3ABruhat%2C+Georges%2C&qt=hot_author Books listed at Worldcat] Literatur
References1. ^in the dedication by Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat: General relativity and the Einstein equations, Oxford University Press, 2009, {{ISBN|978-0-19-923072-3}} 1944 is given, in Evry Schatzman: The desire to understand the world, Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 34, 1996, S. 1–34, {{doi|10.1146/annurev.astro.34.1.1}} „December 31, 1944“ is given. {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Bruhat, Georges}} 8 : French physicists|Mathematical physicists|École Normale Supérieure alumni|20th-century French mathematicians|20th-century physicists|Sachsenhausen concentration camp prisoners|1887 births|1945 deaths |
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