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词条 1984 Australian federal election
释义

  1. Background and issues

  2. Results

     House of Representatives  Senate 

  3. Seats changing hands

  4. Analysis

  5. See also

  6. Notes

  7. References

{{Use Australian English|date=February 2018}}{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2013}}{{Infobox Election
| election_name = Australian federal election, 1984
| country = Australia
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = Australian federal election, 1983
| previous_year = 1983
| next_election = Australian federal election, 1987
| next_year = 1987
| seats_for_election = All 148 seats in the House of Representatives
75 seats were needed for a majority in the House
46 (of the 76) seats in the Senate
| election_date = {{start date|df=yes|1984|12|1}}
| image1 =
| leader1 = Bob Hawke
| leader_since1 = {{start date|df=yes|1983|2|3}}
| party1 = Australian Labor Party
| leaders_seat1 = Wills (Vic.)
| last_election1 = 75 seats
| seats1 = 82 seats
| seat_change1 = {{increase}}7
| popular_vote1 = 4,120,130
| percentage1 = 51.77%
| swing1 = {{decrease}}1.46%
| image2 =
| leader2 = Andrew Peacock
| leader_since2 = {{start date|df=yes|1983|3|11}}
| party2 = Liberal/National coalition
| leaders_seat2 = Kooyong (Vic.)
| last_election2 = 50 seats
| seats2 = 66 seats
| seat_change2 = {{increase}}16
| popular_vote2 = 3,900,042
| percentage2 = 48.23%
| swing2 = {{increase}}1.46%
| title = Prime Minister
| before_election = Bob Hawke
| before_party = Australian Labor Party
| posttitle = Subsequent Prime Minister
| after_election = Bob Hawke
| after_party = Australian Labor Party
}}

Federal elections were held in Australia on 1 December 1984. All 148 seats in the House of Representatives (24 of them newly created) and 46 of 76 seats in the Senate (12 of them newly created) were up for election. The incumbent Labor Party led by Prime Minister Bob Hawke defeated the opposition Liberal–National coalition, led by Andrew Peacock.

The election was held in conjunction with two referendum questions, neither of which were carried.

Future opposition leader Alexander Downer entered parliament at this election.

Background and issues

The election had a long campaign and a high rate of informal voting for the House of Representatives, but decreased rate in the Senate (due to the introduction of the Group voting ticket). The election was held 18 months ahead of time, partly to bring the elections for the House of Representatives and Senate back into line following the double dissolution election of 1983.

The legislated increase in the size of the House of Representatives by 24 seats and the Senate by 12 seats came into effect at the 1984 election. Prior to 1984 the electoral commission did not undertake a full distribution of preferences for statistical purposes. The stored ballot papers for the previous election were put through this process prior to their destruction – therefore the figures from 1983 onwards show the actual result based on full distribution of preferences.

Results

House of Representatives

House of Reps (IRV) — 1984–87 – Turnout 94.19% (CV) — Informal 6.78%
PartyVotes%SwingSeatsChange
Labor}} |  Labor4,120,13047.55−1.9382+7
 Liberal–National coalition3,900,04245.01–1.4066+16
Liberal}} |   Liberal2,951,55634.06−0.0645+12
Nationals}} |   National921,15110.63+1.4221+4
CLP}} |  100px}}27,3350.32+0.0800
Democrats}} |  Democrats472,2045.45+0.4200
DLP}} |  Democratic Labor49,1210.57+0.3700
Nuclear Disarmament}} |  Nuclear Disarmament17,9780.21+0.2100
Socialist Workers}} |  Socialist Workers9,4600.11–0.4200
Deadly Serious}} |  Deadly Serious2,8260.03–0.0100
Pensioner}} |  Pensioner1,6450.02+0.0200
Communist}} |  Communist1,2130.01–0.0600
Independent}} |  Independent90,3331.04+0.0700
 Total8,664,952  148+23
Two-party-preferred
Labor}} |  Australian Labor PartyWIN51.77−1.4682+7
Liberal}} |  Liberal–National coalition 48.23+1.4666+16
{{bar box
| title=Popular Vote
| titlebar=#ddd
| width=600px
| barwidth=410px
| bars={{bar percent|Labor|{{Australian Labor Party/meta/color}}|47.55}}{{bar percent|Liberal|{{Liberal Party of Australia/meta/color}}|34.06}}{{bar percent|National|{{National Party of Australia/meta/color}}|10.63}}{{bar percent|Democrats|#F4940D|5.45}}{{bar percent|CLP|#ff9933|0.32}}{{bar percent|Other|#777777|1.99}}
}}{{bar box
| title=Two Party Preferred Vote
| titlebar=#ddd
| width=600px
| barwidth=410px
| bars={{bar percent|Labor|{{Australian Labor Party/meta/color}}|51.77}}{{bar percent|Coalition|{{Coalition (Australia)/meta/color}}|48.23}}
}}{{bar box
| title=Parliament Seats
| titlebar=#ddd
| width=600px
| barwidth=410px
| bars={{bar percent|Labor|{{Australian Labor Party/meta/color}}|55.41}}{{bar percent|Coalition|{{Coalition (Australia)/meta/color}}|44.59}}
}}

Senate

{{see also|Results of the Australian federal election, 1984 (Senate)}}
Senate (STV GV) — 1984–87 – Turnout 94.55% (CV) — Informal 4.68%
PartyVotes%SwingSeats WonSeats HeldChange
Labor}} |  Labor3,750,78942.17−3.322034+4
 Liberal–National coalition3,516,85739.54–0.412033+5
Liberal}} |   Liberal1,831,00620.59+8.581427+4
  Liberal–National joint ticket1,130,60112.71−11.493N/AN/A
National}} |   National527,2785.93+0.8725+1
CLP}} |   Country Liberal27,9720.31+0.04110
Democrats}} |  Democrats677,9707.62−2.3257+2
Nuclear Disarmament}} |  Nuclear Disarmament643,0617.23+7.2311+1
Call to Australia}} |  Call to Australia162,2721.82−0.04000
DLP}} |  Democratic Labor32,4720.37+0.37000
Pensioner}} |  Pensioner23,9740.27+0.27000
Family Movement}} |  Family Movement18,8410.21+0.21000
Abolish Self-Government}} |  Referendum First5,8070.07+0.07000
Conservative}} |  Conservative4,7310.05+0.05000
 Independent57,3260.64+0.64010
 Total8,894,100  4676+12
{{clear}}

Seats changing hands

SeatPre-1984SwingPost-1984
Party Member Margin Margin MemberParty
Farrer, NSWLiberal}}|  Liberal Wal FifeN/AN/A13.0 Tim Fischer NationalNationals}}| 
Flinders, VicLabor}}|  Labor Bob Chynoweth1.01.51.2 Peter Reith LiberalLiberal}}| 
Forde, QldLabor}}|  Labor notional – new seat2.72.70.0 David Watson LiberalLiberal}}| 
Gilmore, NSWLabor}}|  Labor notional – new seat0.51.71.2 John Sharp NationalNationals}}| 
Hinkler, QldLabor}}|  Labor notional – new seat0.60.80.2 Bryan Conquest NationalNationals}}| 
Hume, NSWNationals}}|  National Stephen LusherN/AN/A7.7 Wal Fife LiberalLiberal}}| 
Macquarie, NSWLabor}}|  Labor Ross Free0.51.91.4 Alasdair Webster LiberalLiberal}}| 
Northern Territory, NTLabor}}|  Labor John Reeves1.93.31.4 Paul Everingham Country LiberalCLP}}| 
Petrie, QldLabor}}|  Labor Dean Wells0.52.10.6 John Hodges LiberalLiberal}}| 
Riverina-Darling, NSWLabor}}|  Labor notional – new seat1.35.94.6 Noel Hicks NationalNationals}}| 
  • Members in italics did not contest their seat at this election.

Analysis

The results of the election surprised most analysts;{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}} the expectation had been that Bob Hawke – who had been polling a record ACNielsen approval rating of 75 percent[1] on the eve of the election – would win by a significantly larger margin. Labor instead suffered a 2-point swing against it and had its majority cut from 25 to 16. Hawke blamed the result on the changes to Senate vote cards, which he believed confused people regarding their House of Representatives votes and contributed to the relatively high informal vote, the majority of which apparently was Labor votes.[2] Andrew Peacock did well from a good performance in the one leaders' debate, held on 26 November 1984.[3] This was the first televised leaders' debate in Australia.[4]

See also

  • Candidates of the Australian federal election, 1984
  • Members of the Australian House of Representatives, 1984-1987
  • Members of the Australian Senate, 1985-1987

Notes

1. ^{{cite news |first= |last= |authorlink= |coauthors= |title= The biggest hammering in history|url=http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2008/05/19/1211182705614.html |work= Sydney Morning Herald|publisher= |date= 20 May 2008|accessdate=2008-05-20 }}
2. ^{{cite book |title= The Hawke Memoirs|last= Hawke|first= RJL|authorlink= Bob Hawke|coauthors= |year= 1996|publisher= Mandarin|location= Port Melbourne|pages= 275–276}} "Attracted to the simplicity of the Senate ballot, a number of voters thought they could mark their Lower House ballot in exactly the same way. Unfortunately for both them and us the informal vote for the House of Representatives swelled from 2 per cent to nearly 7 per cent. On the best surmise the bulk of the informals were Labor votes."
3. ^{{cite book |title= The Macquarie Reference Series: Government in Australia|last= Fraser|first= Bryce|authorlink= |coauthors= |year= 1998|publisher= The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd|location= Sydney|isbn= 1-876429-02-X|page= 44}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://australianpolitics.com/elections/1984/ |title=1984 Federal Election |publisher=AustralianPolitics.com |date= |accessdate=2016-07-30}}

References

  • University of WA election results in Australia since 1890
  • AEC 2PP vote
  • AustralianPolitics.com election details
{{Australian elections}}{{Politics of Australia}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Australian Federal Election, 1984}}

5 : 1984 in Australia|1984 elections in Australia|Bob Hawke|Federal elections in Australia|December 1984 events
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