| 词条 | Gulgula (doughnut) |
| 释义 |
They are similar to donut holes in USA, and are very simple to make. They use ordinary wheat flour, sugar (traditionally jaggery), and occasionally spices (fennel seeds are common) for flavoring.[7] Yogurt, banana pulp, yeast or baking powder may be used. They are fried in oil or ghee just like donuts. HistoryTraditionally they were made with jaggery (gud गुड़). There is a popular Hindi expression - गुड़ खाना, गुलगुले से परहेज करना- they eat Gud, but avoid gulgulas (that contain Gud).[8] The gulgula confection was first mentioned in Pasanaha Cariu (Parshvanath Charit) of Vibudh Shridhar of 1132 AD.,[9] written during the Tomara rule in Delhi, shortly before establishment of the short Chauhan rule. See also
References1. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=2N6uxXit6fAC&pg=PA89&lpg=PA89&dq=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE&source=bl&ots=94CBjKX98x&sig=CPwUZ0uTjvluKsVWpWW2iL77MEA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjJ9q3Ep-bTAhVoqlQKHfd1B4IQ6AEIaTAN#v=onepage&q=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE&f=false Rashtriya Naak, Vishnu Nagar, Rajkamal Prakashan Pvt Ltd, 2008 p. 89] 2. ^गुलगुले (मीठे) पुए, Nisha Madhulikadainik Bhaskar 3. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=JPKhDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&lpg=PA150&dq=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE&source=bl&ots=VuxHqUv7dg&sig=V_-CGC6lQciMKpwMd569KY7aUTU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjm4uGsqObTAhVIrVQKHay6Dsw4HhDoAQgoMAE#v=onepage&q=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE&f=false Hardoi: Sanskritik Gazetteer, Anjali Chauhan, Ayodhya Shodh Sansthan, Vani Prakashan, 2016 p. 150] 4. ^कुरकुरे गुलगुले बनाने की विधि - Gulgule (Pue) - Laziz Khana 5. ^Guyana Gulgula 6. ^[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nBZtcScHXlU Gulgula Recipe, That Fiji Taste, Apr 3, 2017] 7. ^Recipes of all Nations, Countess Morphy, Herbert Joseph Ltd, 1923, p. 691 8. ^गुड़ खाना गुलगुले से परहेज करना - मुहावरा अर्थ 9. ^Pasanaha Cariu (Parshvanath-Charit) of Mahakavi Budh Sridhara, Ed/tr. Dr. Rajaram Jain, Bharatiya Jnanpith, 2006, Section 4/1/10, p. 270, 288 3 : Deep fried foods|Doughnuts|Indian cuisine |
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