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词条 Bell 407
释义

  1. Design and development

     ARH-70 and Bell 417  Bell 407GX and 407GT 

  2. Operational history

  3. Variants

  4. Operators

     Military operators 

  5. Specifications (Bell 407)

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. Further reading

  9. External links

name= Bell 407image= File:Bell 407 -N23986.jpgcaption=

}}{{Infobox aircraft type

type= Multipurpose utility helicopternational origin= United States/Canadamanufacturer= Bell Helicopterdesigner=first flight= 29 June 1995[1]introduced= 1996retired=status= In serviceprimary user=more users=produced= 1995–presentnumber built= 1,400+ (Dec 2017)[2]unit cost= US$3.1M million[2]developed from= Bell 206L LongRangervariants with their own articles= Bell ARH-70 Arapahodeveloped into= Bell 427
Northrop Grumman MQ-8C Fire Scout
}}

The Bell 407 is a four-blade, single-engine, civil utility helicopter; a derivative of the Bell 206L-4 LongRanger. The 407 uses the four-blade, soft-in-plane design rotor with composite hub developed for the United States Army's OH-58D Kiowa Warrior instead of the two-blade, semi-rigid, teetering rotor of the 206L-4.

Design and development

In 1993, Bell began the development of the New Light Aircraft as a replacement for its Model 206 series. The program resulted in the 407, a development of Bell's LongRanger.[3] A 206L-3 LongRanger was modified to serve as the 407 demonstrator.[3] The demonstrator used hardware for the 407 and added molded fairings to represent the 407's wider fuselage then under development.[3]

The demonstrator was first flown on April 21, 1994, and the 407 program was publicly announced at the Heli-Expo in Las Vegas, Nevada, in January 1995.[3][4] The first 407 prototype (C-GFOS) accomplished its maiden flight on June 29, 1995, and the second prototype (C-FORS) followed on July 13, 1995. After a short development program, the first production 407 (C-FWQY/N407BT) flew on November 10, 1995.[1]

The Bell 407 features the four-blade main rotor developed for the OH-58D (Model 406). The blades and hub use composite construction without life limits, and provide better performance and a more comfortable ride. The 407's fuselage is 8 inches (18 cm) wider, increasing internal cabin space, and includes 35% larger main cabin windows. The more powerful Rolls-Royce/Allison 250-C47 turboshaft allows an increase in Maximum Takeoff Weight and improves performance at hotter temperatures and/or higher altitudes.[3] The 407's airframe is generally similar to the LongRanger, but includes a carbon fiber composite tailboom. The helicopter has standard seating for two crew and five cabin seats.[5]

The 407 was certificated by Transport Canada on February 9, 1996, with the FAA following shortly after on February 23.[1][6] Full production began in 1996 at Bell's Mirabel, Quebec, Canada plant and produced 140 airframes in 1997, to fill the initial orders.[5]

In 1995, Bell tested a shrouded tail rotor on the 407,[4] but did not proceed with it. For a time, Bell studied developing the Model 407T twin-engine variant, but instead chose to develop the essentially all-new twin-PW206D powered Bell 427.[3]

Bell began deliveries of the 407 in 1996. The 1,000th helicopter was delivered on June 15, 2010.[1]

ARH-70 and Bell 417

The ARH-70 armed reconnaissance helicopter, developed for the U.S. Army was based on the 407, but was later canceled on October 16, 2008.[7]

The Bell 417 was a growth variant of the Bell 407, in essence a civil version of the Bell ARH-70. The 417 made its first flight on June 8, 2006.[8] The 417 was to be powered by a Honeywell HTS900 turboshaft engine, producing {{convert|970|shp|abbr=on}} and includes full FADEC controls. The cabin sat five passengers in club-seating configuration, in addition to the crew of two.[9] The civilian 417 was canceled at Heli-Expo 2007 in Orlando.[10]

Bell 407GX and 407GT

On March 4, 2013, Bell unveiled a new armed version of the Bell 407GX, named the 407GT. It incorporates the Garmin G1000HTM flight deck to easily provide flight information. It can include infrared cameras, various armaments, and equipment to perform different missions such as armed transport, search-and-rescue, reconnaissance, and medical evacuation. The GT version uses the universal weapons pylon (UWP), derived from the Bell OH-58 Kiowa, to carry different weapons including machine guns, rockets, and anti-armor missiles.[11][12]

Operational history

Bell made delivery of the first production 407 at Heli-Expo, in Dallas, Texas in February 1996. Launch customers for the aircraft were Petroleum Helicopters, Niagara Helicopters, and Greenland Air.[1][13]

On 23 May 2007, Colin Bodill and Jennifer Murray completed a record pole-to-pole around the world flight utilizing a standard Bell 407. The flight originated from Bell's facility at the Fort Worth Alliance Airport on December 5, 2006. The team flew about {{convert|36000|mi|km|sigfig=2}} over 189 days and 300 flight hours, through 34 different countries. The project, named Polar First, was performed in partnership with the Royal Geographical Society to provide educational outreach to 28 international schools, which were visited during the trip. The project also served as a fundraiser for the SOS Children's Villages.[14]

In 2009 the Iraqi Air Force ordered three Bell 407 armed scout helicopters (similar to the canceled ARH-70).[15] A contract for 24 additional Bell 407s with an option for 26 more was awarded in April of that same year.[16] The U.S. Army is managing modifications and installation of military equipment on the helicopters.[17] Three training T-407s were delivered to the Iraqi Army in 2010. Armed IA-407s were delivered in eight batches of three aircraft from August 2012 to April 2013. The final Bell 407 for Iraq was delivered on 3 April 2013.[18] There are 30 in service; 24 armed scouts, three gunships, and three trainers.[19]

Iraq is using the IA-407 in operations against Islamic State militants. On October 8, 2014, militants shot down an IA-407 using a shoulder-fired ground-to-air missile, killing the pilot and co-pilot.[20]

In December 2017, more than 1,400 were operating.[21]

Variants

Bell 407
A civil utility helicopter, a derivative of the Bell 206L-4.[1]
//Bell ARH-70 Arapaho">ARH-70: An upgraded 407 version to serve as an armed reconnaissance helicopter.
Bell 417
Planned civil version of the ARH-70, was canceled.
Bell 407 Light Observation Helicopter
A military reconnaissance version.[5]
Eagle 407 HP
Version from Eagle Copter (Alberta, Canada) with a more powerful Honeywell HTS900 engine, rated at {{convert|1021|shp|kW|sigfig=2|abbr=on|adj=on}}.[22][23]
//Northrop Grumman MQ-8C Fire Scout">Northrop Grumman MQ-8C Fire Scout: An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) version being developed by Northrop Grumman and Bell Helicopter as a cargo resupply demonstrator.[24][25][26] The test aircraft flew on 10 December 2010 at the Yuma Proving Ground.[27] In February 2011, the US Navy's budget request for 2012 included funds to buy 12 Fire-X helicopters under the designation MQ-8C.[28]
Bell 407AH
An armed civil-certified version for use with government and security forces.[29]
Bell 407GX
Version of the 407 that features the new Garmin G1000 H-model glass cockpit along with improved avionics and improved flight controls.[30]
Bell 407GT
Armed version of the 407GX.[11]
Bell 407GXP
Marketing designation for the 407 with Rolls-Royce 250-C47B/8 engine and Garman G1000H avionics.[31]
Bell 407GXi
Marketing designation for the 407 with Rolls-Royce 250-C47E/4 engine and Garman G1000H NXi avionics.

Operators

The Bell 407 is in civil service around the world with airlines, corporations, hospitals, government operators and private individuals. It is also in service with several military operators.

Military operators

{{SLV}}
  • Air Force of El Salvador[32]
{{IRQ}}
  • Iraqi Air Force[33]
{{JAM}}
  • Jamaica Defence Force[34]
{{MEX}}
  • Mexican Air Force[35]
{{UAE}}
  • United Arab Emirates Air Force[32]

Specifications (Bell 407)

{{Aircraft specifications
|ref= Bell 407[36]
|crew=one pilot
|capacity=Typical seating configuration for seven comprising pilot and passengers, with five passengers in main cabin. Max hook capacity 1200 kg (2645 lb).[3]
|length main= 41 ft 8 in
|length alt= 12.7 m
|span main= 35 ft 0 in
|span alt= 10.67 m
|height main= 11 ft 8 in
|height alt= 3.56 m
|area main= 962 ft²
|area alt= 89 m²
|airfoil=
|empty weight main= 2,668 lb
|empty weight alt= 1,210 kg
|loaded weight main=
|loaded weight alt=
|useful load main= 2,347 lb (internal)
|useful load alt= 1,065 kg (internal)
|max takeoff weight main= 6,000 lb
|max takeoff weight alt= 2,722 kg
|more general=
|engine (prop)=Allison 250-C47B
|type of prop=turboshaft
|number of props=1
|power main= 813 shp
|power alt= 606 kW
|power original=
|propeller or rotor?=rotor
|rotor=4 blade
|rotor diameter main=
|rotor diameter alt=
|max speed main= 140 knots
|max speed alt= 161 mp/h, 260 km/h
|cruise speed main= 133 knots
|cruise speed alt= 152 mp/h, 246 km/h
|never exceed speed main=
|never exceed speed alt=
|range main= 324 nmi
|range alt= 372 mi, 598 km
|ceiling main= 18,690 ft
|ceiling alt= 5,698 m
|climb rate main=
|climb rate alt=
|loading main=
|loading alt=
|thrust/weight=
|power/mass main=
|power/mass alt=
|more performance=
|armament=
|avionics=
}}

See also

{{aircontent
|see also=
  • N31VA, which crashed in 2017, and had previously crashed in 2010

|related=
  • Bell 206
  • Bell 427
  • Bell ARH-70 Arapaho
  • Northrop Grumman MQ-8C Fire Scout

|similar aircraft=
  • AgustaWestland AW119
  • Eurocopter AS350
  • Eurocopter EC120
  • Eurocopter EC130
  • Marenco SKYe SH09
  • MD Helicopters MD 600
  • Kazan Ansat

|lists=
}}

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 5 "Bell 407". Jane's All the World's Aircraft. Couldson, Surrey, UK: Jane's Information Group, 2010. subscription article, posted September 13, 2010{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.
2. ^{{cite web |url= https://www.bjtonline.com/aircraft/bell-407 |title= Bell 407 |work= Business Jet Traveller |author= Conklin & de Decker}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Frawley, Gerard. The International Directory of Civil Aircraft, 2003-2004, p. 47. Aerospace Publications Pty Ltd, 2003. {{ISBN|1-875671-58-7}}.
4. ^1 "Bell launches Model 407". Flight International, February 8, 1995.
5. ^1 2 "Bell 407". Jane's Helicopter Markets and Systems. Couldson, Surrey, UK: Jane's Information Group, 2010. subscription article, posted April 13, 2010{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.
6. ^"Bell Helicopter 407" {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100203181337/http://www.flug-revue.rotor.com/frtypen/FRB407.htm |date=February 3, 2010 }}. Flug Revue, March 19, 2001.
7. ^{{cite web|publisher=defenselink.mil |url=http://www.defenselink.mil/releases/release.aspx?releaseid=12288 |title=Dod Announces Non-Certification Of Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter Program |accessdate=2008-10-17| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081022162302/http://www.defenselink.mil/releases/release.aspx?releaseid=12288| archivedate= 22 October 2008 | deadurl= no}}
8. ^{{cite magazine |date=October 2006 |title=Bell 417 achieves first flight |magazine=Rotorbreeze |volume=55 |issue=3 |page=12}}
9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bellhelicopter.textron.com/en/companyInfo/pressReleases/PR_060226_417Unveiled.cfm |publisher=textron.com |title=Bell Helicopter Unveils New Bell 417 |accessdate=2006-11-09 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061124101725/http://www.bellhelicopter.textron.com/en/companyInfo/pressReleases/PR_060226_417Unveiled.cfm |archivedate=24 November 2006 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
10. ^{{cite web |publisher=aviationtoday.com |url=http://www.aviationtoday.com/rw/personalcorporate/exectransport/9817.html |title=Bell Scraps Year-Old 417, Finding No Market |accessdate=2007-06-03}}
11. ^1 "Bell Helicopter Introduces Increased Mission Capability with the Bell 407GT" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130315134602/http://www.bellhelicopter.com/en_US/News/PressReleases/NewsRelease/NewsRelease.html?ReleaseID=1792180 |date=2013-03-15 }}. Bell Helicopter, March 4, 2013.
12. ^"BAE’s APKWS rockets integrated on Bell’s new Model 407GT". Flightglobal.com, March 5, 2013.
13. ^"History of the Bell Helicopter 407" Bell Helicopter. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100922194027/http://www.bellhelicopter.com/en/aircraft/commercial/bell407_extras.cfm |date=September 22, 2010}}.
14. ^{{cite magazine |title=Polar First Sets World Record |magazine=Rotorbreeze |date=July 2007}}
15. ^"Bell 407s Ordered for Iraq". Air International, April 2009, Vol 76, No. 4. p. 7.
16. ^"Bell Helicopter Sells 24 Model 407 Helicopters Destined for Iraqi Air Force" {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508143301/http://www.bellhelicopter.com/en/company/pressReleases/PR_09_0428_407s_toIraq.cfm |date=May 8, 2009 }}. Bell Helicopter, April 29, 2009.
17. ^"Huntsville Times", pp. A1, A10. November 29, 2009. online version.
18. ^Army makes final delivery of IA-407s to the Iraqis - Army.mil, 21 May 2013
19. ^"More For The Iraq Army Air Corps". Strategypage.com, January 29, 2013.
20. ^"IS downs another Iraqi helicopter". Armytimes.com, 8 October 2014
21. ^1 {{cite news |url= https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/business-aviation/2017-12-13/bell-canada-delivers-5000th-civil-helicopter |title= Bell Canada Delivers 5,000th Civil Helicopter |author= Mark Huber |date= December 13, 2017 |work= AIN}}
22. ^"Honeywell Announces HTS900 Engine Upgrade For Bell 407 Operators". Honeywell, February 21, 2010.
23. ^Thurber, Matt. [https://archive.is/20110707100718/http://www.ainonline.com/news/single-news-page/article/eagle-407-soars-with-honeywell-engine/ "Eagle 407 soars with Honeywell engine"]. ainonline.com, February 21, 2010.
24. ^Trimble, Stephen. "Northrop offers Fire-X concept for unmanned resupply". Flightglobal.com, May 4, 2010.
25. ^Warwick, Graham."Northrop, Bell Power Up Unmanned Fire-X" {{dead link|date=January 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}. Aviation Week, September 30, 2010.
26. ^[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a10m2T1u0c4&feature=player_embedded "Fire-X Vertical Unmanned Aircraft System" video]. Northrop Grumman media via youtube.com. Retrieved: 11 October 2010.
27. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bellhelicopter.com/en/company/pressReleases/PR_10_1215_Fire-X_UVS.cfm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-01-13 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229173937/http://www.bellhelicopter.com/en/company/pressReleases/PR_10_1215_Fire-X_UVS.cfm |archivedate=2010-12-29 |df=}}
28. ^Warwick, Graham. "U.S. Navy Wants Larger Fire Scout Airframe"{{Dead link |date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}. Aviation Week, February 17, 2011.
29. ^Trimble, Stephen. "Bell Helicopter unveils first certified armed 407s" Flight International, March 8, 2011.
30. ^{{cite web |last=Pope |first=Stephen |url= http://www.flyingmag.com/aircraft/helicopters/bell-407gx |title=Bell 407GX |publisher=Flying Magazine |date= June 9, 2011}}
31. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bell407gxp.com/ |title=Bell 407GXP |publisher=Bell |access-date= }}
32. ^1 {{cite web |last= |first= |authorlink= |coauthors= |title= Bell 407 Seven-Seat Light Helicopter |work= |publisher= aerospace-technology.com |date= |url= http://www.aerospace-technology.com/projects/bell/ |doi= |accessdate= 2013-02-05}}{{Unreliable source?|reason=domain on WP:BLACKLIST|date=June 2016}}
33. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.upi.com/Bell-Helicopter-receives-Iraqi-air-force-maintenance-contract/6091499777932/|agency=UPI|date=July 11, 2017|author=Stephen Carlson|title=Bell Helicopter receives Iraqi air force maintenance contract}}
34. ^{{cite web|last=|first=|authorlink=|coauthors=|title=World Air Forces 2013|work=|publisher=Flightglobal Insight|date=|url=http://search.yahoo.com/r/_ylt=A0oGdV94VQBRNhwARipXNyoA;_ylu=X3oDMTE1dmxiY2luBHNlYwNzcgRwb3MDMQRjb2xvA3NrMQR2dGlkA1ZJUDAyNl8xMDc-/SIG=13iba327p/EXP=1359005176/**http://www.flightglobal.com/airspace/media/reports_pdf/emptys/101015/world-air-forces-2013.pdf|doi=|accessdate=2013-06-02}}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
35. ^{{cite web |last = |first = |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/asset/21905/waf/|title = World Air Forces 2018 |work= |publisher= Flightglobal Insight |year= 2018 |doi = |accessdate= 4 August 2018}}
36. ^{{cite web|title=Product Specifications: Bell 407 |url=http://www.bellhelicopter.com/en/aircraft/commercial/bell407_prodSpecs.cfm |publisher=bellhelicopter.com |accessdate=2008-03-05 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080302120630/http://www.bellhelicopter.com/en/aircraft/commercial/bell407_prodSpecs.cfm |archivedate=2 March 2008 |deadurl=yes |df= }}

Further reading

  • {{cite web |url=https://www.univision.com/amp/univision-news/latin-america/flying-for-a-kingpin-the-revelations-of-el-chapo-guzmans-personal-pilot |title=Revelations of 'El Chapo' Guzmán's personal pilot |work=Univision |date=January 30, 2017}} (El Chapo bought a Bell 407 helicopter on the advice of his personal pilot.)

External links

{{Commons category|Bell 407}}
  • Bell 407GXP page on BellHelicopter.com site
  • {{cite news |url= https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/business-aviation/2018-08-16/pilot-report-bell-407gxi |title= Pilot Report: Bell 407GXi |author= Alexa Rexroth |date= August 16, 2018 |work= AIN online}}
{{Bell Aircraft}}

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