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词条 List of coastal defence ships of World War II
释义

  1. References

  2. Bibliography

{{see also|List of monitors of the Second World War}}{{Ships of the Second World War}}

"Coastal defence ship" is a catchall category for warships with overlapping characteristics and duties, grouped here for purposes of concision and comparison. They included ships variously called coastal defence ships, coastal battleships, German Küstenpanzerschiff, Kystforsvarsskib, Panserskip; the Dutch Kruiser, Pantserschip and Slagschip; and the Swedish 1:a klass Pansarbåt and Pansarskepp.

Coastal defence ships were cruiser-sized shallow-draft vessels capable of close to shore littoral and riverine operations. Some had limited blue-water capabilities. Coastal defence ships differed from earlier monitors by having a higher freeboard and usually both higher speed and secondary armament. Their construction and appearance was similar to miniaturized pre-dreadnought battleships. They carried heavier armour than cruisers or gunboats of equivalent size, were typically equipped with a main armament of two or four heavy and several lighter guns in turrets or casemates, and could steam at a higher speed than most monitors. In service they were mainly used as movable coastal artillery rather than instruments of sea control or fleet engagements like the battleships operated by blue-water navies. Apart from specially built coastal defence ships, some navies used various obsolescent ships in this role. The Royal Navy deployed four {{sclass-|Majestic|battleship}} as guardships in the Humber at the start of the First World War. Similarly, the U.S. Navy redesignated the {{sclass-|Indiana|battleship|5}} and {{USS|Iowa|BB-4|2}} classes as "Coast Defense Battleships" in 1919. Such ships tended to be near the end of their service lives and while generally considered no longer fit for front-line service, they were still powerful enough for defensive duties in reserve situations.[1][2][3][4]

The List of ships of World War II contains major military vessels of the war, arranged alphabetically and by type. The list includes armed vessels that served during the war and in the immediate aftermath, inclusive of localized ongoing combat operations, garrison surrenders, post-surrender occupation, colony re-occupation, troop and prisoner repatriation, to the end of 1945. For smaller vessels, see also List of World War II ships of less than 1000 tons. Some uncompleted Axis ships are included, out of historic interest. Ships are designated to the country under which they operated for the longest period of the World War II, regardless of where they were built or previous service history.

Click on headers to sort column alphabetically.

ShipCountryClassTypeDisplacement (tons)First commissionedFate
ÄranSweden}}Ärancoastal defence ship3,6507 September 1902paid off 16 June 1947, scrapped 1961
Drottning VictoriaSweden}}Sverigecoastal defence ship7,12512 March 1921paid off 22 March 1957, scrapped 1959
EidsvoldNorway}}Eidsvoldcoastal defence ship4,2331 March 1901sunk 9 April 1940
Gustav VSweden}}Sverigecoastal defence ship7,12512 December 1922paid off 22 March 1957, scrapped 1970
Finnish coastal defence ship|Ilmarinen2}Finland}}Väinämöinencoastal defence ship3,90017 April 1934sunk 13 September 1941
ARA|Independencia|1891|2}}Argentina}}Libertadriverine battleship2,3365 March 1892Stricken 1951
ARA|Libertad|1892|2}}Argentina}}Libertadriverine battleship2,33626 November 1892paid off 1947
ManlighetenSweden}}Ärancoastal defence ship3,650paid off 1950
Niels JuelDenmark}}Niels Juelcoastal defence ship3,40023 May 1923beached 29 August 1943, captured by Germany, sunk 3 May 1945
NorgeNorway}}Eidsvoldcoastal defence ship4,2307 February 1901sunk 9 April 1940
NympheNazi Germany}}Tordenskjoldcoastal defence ship3,85821 March 1898Norway Tordenskjold, captured by Germany 9 April 1940, scrapped 1948
Oscar IISweden}}Oscar IIcoastal defence shippaid off 1950, scrapped 1974
Peder SkramDenmark}}Herluf Trollecoastal defence ship3,494scuttled 29 August 1943
SoerabajaNetherlands}}Soerabajacoastal defence ship6,5306 October 1910sunk 18 February 1942, raised for Japan 1942, sunk 1943
Sri AyudhyaThailand}}Thonburicoastal defence ship 2,35019 July 1938sunk 1 July 1951
SverigeSweden}}Sverigecoastal defence ship6,85214 May 1917paid off 30 January 1953, scrapped 1958
TapperhetenSweden}}Ärancoastal defence ship3,650paid off 1947, scrapped 1952
ThetisNazi Germany}}Tordenskjoldcoastal defence ship3,85821 March 1898Norway Harald Haarfagre, captured by Germany 9 April 1940, scrapped 1948
ThonburiThailand}}Thonburicoastal defence ship 2,26531 January 1938wrecked 17 January 1941, refitted, struck 19 June 1959
Finnish coastal defence ship|Väinämöinen2}Finland}}Väinämöinencoastal defence ship3,90029 April 1932to Soviet Union 29 May 1947, scrapped 1968
WasaSweden}}Ärancoastal defence ship3,650paid off 1940, scrapped 1961

References

1. ^Carrico 2007
2. ^Friedman 1987
3. ^Konstam 2003
4. ^Churchill 1938

Bibliography

  • {{Colledge}}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20040810082250/http://www.chinfo.navy.mil/navpalib/ships/lists/homeport.html navy.mil: List of homeports and their ships]
  • NavSource Naval History
  • {{cite encyclopedia|last=Wise|first=James E. Jr.|title=Catapult Off - Parachute Back|encyclopedia=United States Naval Institute Proceedings|year=1974}}
  • Ader, Clement. Military Aviation, 1909, Edited and translated by Lee Kennett, Air University Press, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama, 2003, {{ISBN|978-1-58566-118-3}}.
  • Churchill, W.S. The World Crisis 1911–1918 (1938) Chapter XVI
  • Carrico, John M. Vietnam Ironclads, A Pictorial History of U.S. Navy River Assault Craft, 1966–1970. (2007) Brown Water Enterprises. {{ISBN|978-0-9794231-0-9}}.
  • Francillon, René J, Tonkin Gulf Yacht Club US Carrier Operations off Vietnam, (1988) {{ISBN|978-0-87021-696-1}}.
  • Friedman, Norman. U.S. Small Combatants: An Illustrated Design History. (1987) U.S. Naval Institute Press. {{ISBN|0-87021-713-5}}.
  • Friedman, Norman, U.S. Aircraft Carriers: an Illustrated Design History, Naval Institute Press, 1983. {{ISBN|978-0-87021-739-5}}.
  • Hone, Thomas C., Norman Friedman, and Mark D. Mandeles. "Innovation in Carrier Aviation," Naval War College Newport Papers (no. 37, 2011), 1–171.
  • Konstam, Angus The Duel of the Ironclads (2003) {{ISBN|1-84176-721-2}}
  • Melhorn, Charles M. Two-Block Fox: The Rise of the Aircraft Carrier, 1911-1929 (Naval Institute Press, 1974)
  • Nordeen, Lon, Air Warfare in the Missile Age, (1985) {{ISBN|978-1-58834-083-2}}
  • {{cite book|author=Polak, Christian|year=2005|title=Sabre et Pinceau: Par d'autres Français au Japon. 1872–1960|others=Hiroshi Ueki (植木 浩), Philippe Pons, foreword; 筆と刀・日本の中のもうひとつのフランス (1872–1960)|language=French, Japanese|publisher=éd. L'Harmattan}}
  • {{cite book |last = Sturtivant |first = Ray |title = British Naval Aviation, The Fleet Air Arm, 1917–1990 |publisher=Arm & Armour Press |year = 1990 |location = London |isbn = 0-85368-938-5}}
  • Till, Geoffrey. "Adopting the Aircraft Carrier: The British, Japanese, and American Case Studies" in Murray, Williamson; Millet, Allan R, eds. (1996). Military Innovation in the Interwar Period. Cambridge University Press.
  • Trimble, William F. Admiral William A. Moffett: Architect of Naval Aviation (Smithsonian Institution Press, 1994)
  • Wadle, Ryan David. United States navy fleet problems and the development of carrier aviation, 1929-1933 PhD dissertation Texas A&M University, 2005. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150526133111/http://repository.tamu.edu/bitstream/handle/1969.1/2658/etd-tamu-2005B-HIST-Wadle.pdf online]
  • Jane's Fighting Ships 1953-54 (1953)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Coastal defence ships}}

4 : Military equipment of World War II|World War II naval ships|World War II aircraft carriers|Lists of World War II ships
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