词条 | New Zealand Church Missionary Society |
释义 |
|name = New Zealand Church Missionary Society |image = |caption = |size = |abbreviation = NZCMS |formation = 12 April 1799 (UK parent organisation); 1892 (NZ branch) |headquarters = 78 Peterborough Street Christchurch 8144 New Zealand |type = Evangelical Anglicanism Ecumenism Protestant missionary |founder = Clapham Sect |leader = |website = {{URL|http://www.nzcms.org.nz}} }} The New Zealand Church Missionary Society is a mission society working within the Anglican Communion and Protestant, Evangelical Anglicanism. The parent organisation was founded in England in 1799.[1][2] The Church Missionary Society (CMS) sent missionaries to settle in New Zealand. The Revd Samuel Marsden,[3] the Society's Agent and the Senior Chaplain to the New South Wales government, officiated at its first service on Christmas Day in 1814, at Oihi Bay in the Bay of Islands, New Zealand.[4] History of the New Zealand Church Missionary SocietyIn 1892, Mr. Eugene Stock and the Rev. Robert Stewart were sent to Australia and New Zealand by the parent CMS organisation to facilitate the formation of Church Missionary Associations in both Australia and New Zealand, in order that those associations would select, train and send out missionaries.[5] In 1892 the New Zealand Church Missionary Association was formed in a Nelson church hall.[6] Funding from the UK stopped completely in 1903.[7] The association was established under the sanction of the Bishops of Waiapu and Nelson, with the Rev. Frederick William Chatterton as Clerical Secretary, and Mr. J. Holloway as Lay Secretary and Treasurer.[5] The association provided workers for the Maori Mission, for the Melanesian Mission, for the CMS Missions in China, Japan, India and Africa, and also for the Church of England Zenana Missionary Society.[5] In 1893 Miss Marie Louise Pasley, the first missionary candidate, was selected, and who was subsequently sent to Japan.[5][8] The association subsequent changed its name to the New Zealand Church Missionary Society (NZCMS) in 1916.[9] In 2000 the NZCMS amalgamated with the South American Missionary Society of New Zealand.[6] The NZCMS works closely with the Anglican Missions Board, concentrating on mission work outside New Zealand and has been involved in Pakistan, East Africa, the Middle East, Cambodia, South Asia, South America and East Asia.[6] It is part of the CMS Mission Network and the global network of mission agencies Faith2Share. History of the CMS mission in New ZealandFounding of the CMS mission in New ZealandThe CMS founded its first mission at Rangihoua in the Bay of Islands in 1814 and over the next decade established farms and schools in the area. Thomas Kendall and William Hall were directed to proceed to the Bay of Islands in the Active, a vessel purchased by Samuel Marsden for the service of the mission, there to reopen communication with Ruatara, a local chief; an earlier attempt to establish a mission in the Bay of Islands had been delayed as a consequence of the Boyd Massacre in Whangaroa harbour in 1809.[10] Kendall and Hall left New South Wales on 14 March 1814 on the Active for an exploratory journey to the Bay of Islands. They met rangatira (chiefs) of the Ngāpuhi including Ruatara and his uncle Hongi Hika; Hongi Hika and Ruatara travelled with Kendall when he returned to Australia on 22 August 1814. Kendall, Hall and John King, returned to the Bay of Islands on the Active on 22 December 1814 to establish the Oihi Mission.[11][12] The protector of the Kerikeri mission station was the chief Ruatara and following his death in 1815, Hongi Hika accepted responsibility for the protection of the mission.[13] In April 1817 William Carlisle and his brother-in-law Charles Gordon, joined the mission, from New South Wales. Carlisle was engaged as a schoolteacher and Gordon is engaged for the purpose of teaching agriculture, they remained at the mission until 1819.[14] In 1819 Marsden made his second visit to New Zealand,[15] bringing with him John Gare Butler as well as Francis Hall and James Kemp as lay settlers. William Puckey, a boatbuilder and carpenter, came with his family, including William Gilbert Puckey to assist in putting up the buildings at Kerikeri.[10] In 1820, Marsden paid his third visit, on HMS Dromedary, bringing James Shepherd.[10] Butler and Kemp took charge of the Kerikeri mission, but proved unable to develop a harmonious working relationship, and from 1822 to 1823 Butler was in dispute with Marsden.[16] In 1823, Marsden paid his fourth visit, bringing with him Henry Williams and his wife Marianne as well as Richard Davis, a farmer, and William Fairburn, a carpenter, and their respective families.[10][17][18] In 1826 Henry's brother William and his wife Jane joined the CMS mission and settled at Paihia in the Bay of Islands. The immediate protector of the Paihia mission was the chief, Te Koki, and his wife Ana Hamu, a woman of high rank and the owner of the land occupied by the mission. Work of the CMS mission in New ZealandThe CMS Mission House in Kerikeri, completed in 1822, ranks as New Zealand's oldest surviving building.[27] In the early days the CMS funded its activities largely through trade. Thomas Kendall sold weapons to Māori people, with muskets being the primary item traded by whaling and sealing ships for food; with this trade in weapons resulting in the Musket Wars (1807–1842).[19] Kendall brought Māori war-chief Hongi Hika to London in 1820, creating a minor sensation. When Henry Williams became the leader of the missionaries at Paihia in 1823, he immediately stopped the trade in muskets.[20] The mission schools provided religious education and literacy skills in the Māori language, as well as English language skills.[21] Karaitiana Rangi was the first person baptised, which occurred in 1825.[22] However the evangelical mission of the CMS achieved success only after the baptism of Ngāpuhi chief Rawiri Taiwhanga in 1830. His example influenced others to be baptised into the Christian faith.[23] The CMS established farms at Kerikeri and at Te Waimate mission and engaged workers from Sydney to assist in the farming; William Spikeman, a herdsman, arrived in 1833.[24][25][26] In 1833 a mission was established at Kaitaia in Northland as well as a mission at Puriri on the Waihou River.[27] In 1835 missions were established in the Bay of Plenty and Waikato regions at Tauranga, Matamata and Rotorua. The possessions of these missions were plundered during an inter-tribal war between the Māori people of Matamata, Rotorua and the Waikato river.[37][28][29] In 1836 a mission was open in the Manukau Harbour region.[11] Salary and allowances of CMS missionariesIn 1832 the salary of single laymen or catechist was £30 per annum; a married couple were paid £50 p.a.. Ordained ministers were paid £80 p.a.. All children received a free education, with board, at the CMS school at Te Waimate mission. Children under school age had each £10 allowed. After that £18 was allowed for each child (son or daughter) up to the age of fifteen.[30] The CMS provided rations to the missionary families of {{convert|8|lb|kg}} of flour per week for a male, and {{convert|6|lb|kg}} for a female, with half ration for each child up to seven or eight years of age. There was an allowance of sugar, tea and soap, but if mustard, pepper, vinegar and other luxuries were required, these had to be purchased from the mission store.[30] HeraldHenry Williams commissioned a ship to provision the Paihia Mission and to visit the more remote areas of New Zealand to bring the Gospel to the Māori people.[31] William Hall, William Puckey (Senior), William Gilbert Puckey designed and built {{ship||Herald|1826 ship|2}}, a 55-ton schooner. Gilbert Mair, who became her sailing master, and Māori carpenters also work on Herald{{'}}s construction.[32][11] Herald was launched on 24 January 1826.[33][34][35] Herald went to Sydney, Australia four times; the Bay of Plenty four times; and sailed three times around the North Cape, to Hokianga Harbour on the west coast of the North Island of New Zealand. On 6 May 1828 Herald was wreaked on the Hokianga bar.[36][37]Translation of the Bible into the Māori language{{See also|Bible translations into Oceanic languages}}The first book published in the Māori language was A Korao no New Zealand! The New Zealanders First Book!, published by Thomas Kendall in 1815. In 1817 Tītore and Tui (also known as Tuhi or Tupaea (1797?-1824)) sailed to England.[38] They visited Professor Samuel Lee at Cambridge University and assisted him in the preparation of a grammar and vocabulary of Māori. Kendall travelled to London in 1820 with Hongi Hika and Waikato (a lower ranking Ngāpuhi chief) during which time work was done with Professor Samuel Lee, which resulted in the First Grammar and Vocabulary of the New Zealand Language (1820).[39][40] The CMS missionaries did not have a high regard for this book. Williams organised the CMS missionaries into a systematic study of the language and soon started translating the Bible into Māori.[41][42] After 1826 William Williams became involved in the translation of the Bible and other Christian literature, with Henry Williams devoting more time to his efforts to establish CMS missions in the Waikato, Rotorua and Bay of Plenty. ] In July 1827 William Colenso printed the first Māori Bible, comprising three chapters of Genesis, the 20th chapter of Exodus, the first chapter of the Gospel of St John, 30 verses of the fifth chapter of the Gospel of St Matthew, the Lord’s Prayer and some hymns.[43][44] By 1830 the CMS missionaries had revised the orthography for writing the Māori language; for example, ‘Kiddeekiddee’ became, what is the modern spelling, ‘Kerikeri’.[45] In 1830 during William Yate's stay in Sydney, New South-Wales, he supervised the printing of an edition of 550 copies of a translation of the first three chapters of the Book of Genesis; the first eight chapters of the Gospel according to St. Matthew; the first four chapters of the Gospel according to St. John; the first six chapters of the Epistle of St. Paul to the Corinthians; parts of the Liturgy and Catechism.[46] William Gilbert Puckey collaborating with William Williams on the translation of the New Testament, which was published in 1837 and its revision in 1844.[11] William Williams published the Dictionary of the New Zealand Language and a Concise Grammar in 1844. The translation and printing of the Book of Common Prayer was completed by November 1841. The greater number of the Collects were translated by the Rev. William Williams; the Sacramental and Matrimonial Services by William Puckey; and the remaining Collects, with the Epistles from the Old Testament, Thanksgivings, and Prayers, Communion of the Sick, Visitation of the Sick, Commination, Rubrics, and Articles of Religion, by William Colenso.[47] From May to September 1844 a committee consisted of Archdeacon William Williams, the Rev. Robert Maunsell, James Hamlin, and William Puckey revising the translation of the Common-Prayer Book. [48] After 1844 Robert Maunsell worked with William Williams on the translation of the Bible, with Maunsell working on the translation of the Old Testament, portions of which were published in 1840.[49] In 1845 the Book of Common Prayer was translated by a committee comprising William Williams, Robert Maunsell, James Hamlin and William Puckey.[50] The full translation of the Bible into the Māori language was completed in 1857.[51] The Rev. William Williams and Rev. T. W. Meller M.A., the Editorial Superintendent of the British and Foreign Bible Society, worked to revise the translation of the New Testament.[66] In 1853, 15,000 copies were printed in England.[52] These copies, when circulated, made the total number of 106,221 copies of the New Testament printed in the Māori language and distributed by the CMS and Wesleyan Missionary Society in New Zealand.[52] In the early 1860s Elizabeth Fairburn Colenso helped prepare the revised Māori Old Testament and New Testament for the press. She correcting the printed copy, sometimes suggesting alternative translations.[69] The first edition of the full Māori Bible was published in 1868.[53] Influence of the CMS in New ZealandThe concern about the European impact on New Zealand, particularly lawlessness among Europeans and a breakdown in the traditional restraints in Māori society, meant that the CMS welcomed the United Kingdom's annexation of New Zealand in January 1840, with Henry Williams assisting Captain William Hobson by translating the document that became known as the Treaty of Waitangi.[54] Henry Williams was also involved in explaining the treaty to Māori leaders, firstly at the meetings with William Hobson at Waitangi, but also later when he travelled to Port Nicholson, Queen Charlotte's Sound, Kapiti, Waikanae and Otaki to persuade Māori chiefs to sign the treaty.[55] His involvement in these debates brought him "into the increasingly uncomfortable role of mediating between two races".[56] The CMS missionaries held the low church beliefs that were common among the 19th century Evangelical members of the Anglican Church. There was often a wide gap between the views of the CMS missionaries and the bishops and other clergy of the high church traditions of the Oxford Movement (also known as the Tractarians) as to the proper form of ritual and religious practice.[57] Bishop Selwyn, who was appointed the first Anglican Bishop of New Zealand in 1841, held the high church (Tracharian) views although he appointed CMS missionaries to positions in the Anglican Church of New Zealand including appointing William Williams as the first Bishop of Waiapu.[58] The CMS reached the height of its influence in New Zealand in the 1840s and 1850s. Missions covered almost the whole of the North Island and many Māori were baptised. The number of Māori who attended public worship at CMS churches was estimated at 50,000 and the Communicants at between 5,000 and 6,000.[59] Māori converts engaged in missionary work. Te Manihera and Kereopa were killed in 1847 when they travelled onto the land of hostile Māori.[60][61] However the murderers later welcomed a Christian missionary to reside in their land.[62] The efforts of the CMS resulted in the ordination of Māori clergy: Rota Waitoa was ordained in 1853; Riwai Te Ahu in 1858; Raniera Kawhia, Hohua Te Moanaroa, Heta Tarawhiti and Pirimona Te Karari in 1860; Tamihana Huata, Ihaia Te Ahu, Matiu Taupaki and Piripi Patiki in 1861; Matiaha Pahewa in 1863; Mohi Turei, Hare Tawhaa and Watene Moeke in 1864; Rihara Te Rangamaro in 1866; Renata Tangata and Raniera Wiki in 1867; Wiremu Katene Paraire and Hone Pohutu in 1870; Rawiri Te Wanui, Heneri Te Herekau, Wiremu Turipona and Wiremu Pomare in 1872.[63][64] Early CMS personnel in New ZealandThe CMS provided training for missionaries at the Church Missionary Society College, Islington, London. Bishop George Selwyn established St. John’s College at Te Waimate mission in June 1842 to provide theology to candidates for ordination into the Anglican Church. In 1844 Bishop Selwyn moved St John’s College to Auckland. The CMS in London began to reduce its commitment to the CMS mission in New Zealand in 1854, and no further missionaries were sent out until Joseph Sydney Hill and William Goodyear arrived in 1878; they were the last CMS missionaries sent out from England.[5] Members of the mission who arrived before 1854 included:
See also{{Portalbar|Anglicanism|New Zealand}}
BibliographyCMS in New Zealand:
References1. ^{{cite journal|ref=|last1= Mounstephen |first1= Philip |authorlink1= Philip Mounstephen|title= Teapots and DNA: The Foundations of CMS|url=http://www.nzcms.org.nz/teapots-and-dna-the-foundations-of-cms-intermission-issue-22/ |year= 2015 |journal= Intermission|volume=22|issue=|pages=}} 2. ^{{cite web| last =Keen| first =Rosemary| work= Adam Matthew Publications |title= Church Missionary Society Archive|date =|url= http://www.ampltd.co.uk/digital_guides/church_missionary_society_archive_general/editorial%20introduction%20by%20rosemary%20keen.aspx| accessdate=29 January 2017}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1=Marsden|first1=Samuel|title=The Marsden Collection|url=https://marsdenarchive.otago.ac.nz/home|website=Marsden Online Archive|publisher=University of Otago|accessdate=18 May 2015}} 4. ^{{cite book |last1= Troughton |first1= Geoffrey, ed. |authorlink1= |title= Saints and Stirrers: Christianity, Conflict and Peacemaking in New Zealand, 1814–1845|url= |year=2017|publisher= Wellington : Victoria University Press |location= |language= |isbn=9781776561643|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=|pages=|chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 5. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|first= Eugene|last= Stock |title = The Story of the New Zealand Mission| date =1913|url= http://anglicanhistory.org/nz/stock1913/ |accessdate=4 March 2019}} 6. ^1 2 {{Cite web |url=http://www.nzcms.org.nz/our_mission.html |title=NZCMS |accessdate=18 July 2008 |work=New Zealand Church Missionary Society |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081014031447/http://nzcms.org.nz/our_mission.html |archivedate=14 October 2008 |df= }} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/1966/M/Missions/ChurchMissionarySociety/en |title=Church Missionary Society|accessdate=18 July 2008 |work = The Encyclopedia of New Zealand}} 8. ^{{cite book | title=Harvest of grace: essays in celebration of 150 years of mission in the Anglican Diocese of Nelson | year=2010 |publisher=Standing Committee of the Diocese of Nelson|url= | editor=René́ Bester| chapter= | accessdate=}} 9. ^{{cite web |first =Steve | last = Maina |title= Response to Michael Blain's article published in AMB- E Newsletter - May 09|work= A Glimpse of New Zealand as it Was|date=25 June 2009 |url= http://www.angmissions.org.nz/?sid=85| publisher = The Anglican Missions Board of the Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia|accessdate=9 November 2015 }} 10. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |last1= Carleton |first1=Hugh |authorlink1= |title= The Life of Henry Williams|url= |format= |accessdate= |year= 1874 |publisher= Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library|location= |page= |pages= |chapter= Vol. I |chapterurl=http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document?wid=1038&action=null|quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 11. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 {{cite book |last1= Rogers |first1= Lawrence M. |authorlink1= |title= Te Wiremu: A Biography of Henry Williams|url= |format= |accessdate= |year=1973 |publisher=Pegasus Press |location= |language= |isbn= |oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages= |chapter= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 12. ^{{cite web|author= |title= The Church Missionary Atlas (Church Missionary Society)|pages= 210–219|date= 1896| url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Details/CMS_OX_Atlas_01|accessdate=19 October 2015 | publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 13. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, March 1857|work= A Glimpse of New Zealand as it Was|accessdate=24 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1857_03/0| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 14. ^{{cite web|author= |title=The Missionary Register|pages=43|date= 1819| url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=2980&page=0&action=null| publisher =Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library | accessdate=9 March 2019}} 15. ^{{cite web|author= |title= Notices of the Rev S. Marsden|pages= 247–267|date= 1822| url= https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=QbIPAAAAIAAJ| publisher = Missionary Register| accessdate=12 December 2015}} 16. ^{{cite book |last1=John Butler|first1= Compiled by R. J. Barton|authorlink1= |title= Earliest New Zealand: the Journals and Correspondence of the Rev. John Butler |url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=1457&page=0&action=null |format= |accessdate= |year=1927|publisher=Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library |location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=|pages=1-344 |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 17. ^{{cite book |last1= Fitzgerald |first1= Caroline |authorlink1= |title= Te Wiremu: Henry Williams – Early Years in the North |url= |format= |accessdate= |year=2011|publisher= Huia Publishers, New Zealand |location= |language= |isbn=978-1-86969-439-5 |oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 18. ^{{cite book |last1= Fitzgerald |first1= Caroline |authorlink1= |title= Marianne Williams: Letters from the Bay of Islands |url= |format= |accessdate= |year=2004|publisher= Penguin Books, New Zealand |location= |language= |isbn=0-14-301929-5 |oclc= |doi= |id= |paMāoge= |pages= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 19. ^{{cite book |last1=John Butler|first1= Compiled by R. J. Barton|authorlink1= |title= Earliest New Zealand: the Journals and Correspondence of the Rev. John Butler |url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=1459&page=0&action=null|format= |accessdate= |year=1927|publisher=Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library |location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=|pages=164-168 |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 20. ^Mitcalfe, Barry – Nine New Zealanders, Christchurch 1963. p. 34 21. ^{{cite book |last1= Ballantyne |first1= Tony |authorlink1= |title= Entanglements of Empire: Missionaries, Maori, and the Question of the Body|url= |year=2015|publisher= Auckland University Press |location= |language= |isbn=978 1 86940 826 8|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=|pages=|chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 22. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, April 1874|work= The New Zealand Mission|accessdate=24 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1874_04/0| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 23. ^1 Dench, Alison, Essential Dates: A timeline of New Zealand history, Random House, 2005 24. ^Gillies, Iain and John (1998) - East Coast Pioneers. A Williams Family Portrait; A Legacy of Land, Love and Partnership. p. 27/8. Published by The Gisborne Herald Co. Ltd, Gladstone Road, Gisborne NZ (1998) {{ISBN|0-473-05118-4}} 25. ^{{cite book |last1= Prokhovnik |first1=R. M. |title=A Reluctant Pioneer: The Story of William Spikeman: His Life and Times |year=1991 |publisher= Northland Historical Publications Society |location= Kerikeri |isbn=978-0-9597926-4-5 }} 26. ^{{cite web| last = | first = |title= William Spikeman| publisher=Pre 1839 Settlers in New Zealand|chapter=|date =|url= https://sites.google.com/site/pre1839settlersinnz/home/more-details-2/william-spikeman| accessdate=11 October 2015}} 27. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite web| last = Williams| first = Frederic Wanklyn|title= Through Ninety Years, 1826–1916: Life and Work Among the Maoris in New Zealand: Notes of the Lives of William and William Leonard Williams, First and Third Bishops of Waiapu (Chapter 3)| publisher=Early New Zealand Books (NZETC)|chapter=|date =|url= http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-WilThro.html | accessdate=}} 28. ^1 {{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, January 1852|work= Otawhao|accessdate=18 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1852_01/11| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 29. ^{{cite web|author= |title=The Missionary Register|pages=295-301 |date= 1838| url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=4069&page=0&action=null| publisher =Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library | accessdate=9 March 2019}} 30. ^1 {{cite web| last = John Alexander Wilson, edited by C.J. Wilson | first = |title= Missionary Life and Work in New Zealand, 1833 to 1862: Being the Private Journal of the Late Rev. John Alexander Wilson | publisher=Early New Zealand Books (NZETC)|chapter=|date =1889|url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=704&page=0&action=null| accessdate=3 February 2019}} 31. ^{{cite book |last1= Carleton |first1=Hugh |authorlink1= |title= The Life of Henry Williams|url= |format= |accessdate= |year= 1874 |publisher= Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library|location= |language= |isbn= |oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages= 43–53|chapter= Vol. I |chapterurl=http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document?wid=1038&action=null|quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 32. ^1 {{cite web| last = | first = | work= Williams, H. The Early Journals of Henry Williams, p. 487 |title= Appendix IV - The Herald |date =1961 |url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document?wid=3826&page=1&action=null| accessdate=14 February 2017}} 33. ^{{cite book |last1= Fitzgerald |first1= Caroline |authorlink1= |title= Te Wiremu: Henry Williams – Early Years in the North |url= |format= |accessdate= |year=2011|publisher= Huia Publishers, New Zealand |location= |language= |isbn=978-1-86969-439-5 |oclc= |doi= |id= |page=|pages=65–66 |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 34. ^{{cite book |last1= Fitzgerald |first1= Caroline |authorlink1= |title= Marianne Williams: Letters from the Bay of Islands |url= |format= |accessdate= |year=2004|publisher= Penguin Books, New Zealand |location= |language= |isbn=0-14-301929-5 |oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages=97–99 |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 35. ^{{cite web| last = McLean | first = Gavin| work= 'Shipbuilding - The wooden era', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand |title= Launching the Herald |date = 20 July 2015 |url= http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/artwork/5460/launching-the-herald| accessdate=14 February 2017}} 36. ^{{cite web| last = | first = | work= Williams, H. The Early Journals of Henry Williams, p. 479-494|title= Appendix IV - The Herald (H. Williams, Journal, 8 May 1828; Marianne Williams, Journal, 11 May 1828) |date =1961 |url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document?wid=3826&page=1&action=null|accessdate=14 February 2017}} 37. ^{{cite book |last1= Fitzgerald |first1= Caroline |authorlink1= |title= Te Wiremu: Henry Williams – Early Years in the North |url= |format= |accessdate= |year=2011|publisher= Huia Publishers, New Zealand |location= |language= |isbn=978-1-86969-439-5 |oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages= 109–111|chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 38. ^NZETC: Maori Wars of the Nineteenth Century, 1816 39. ^{{cite web|first=Ron |last= Brownson |title = Outpost| date = 23 December 2010|url= http://aucklandartgallery.blogspot.com.au/2010/12/wonderful-letter-from-titore.html|publisher=Staff and friends of Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki|accessdate=13 January 2018}} 40. ^Rogers, Lawrence M., (1973) Te Wiremu: A Biography of Henry Williams, Pegasus Press, p. 35, f/n 7 & 39 41. ^Fitzgerald, Caroline (2011) Letter of Henry Williams, 9 February 1824 42. ^Fitzgerald, Caroline (2004) Journal of Henry Williams, 12 July 1826 43. ^Gillies 1995, p. 48 44. ^Rogers 1973, p. 25, f/n, p. 70 45. ^{{cite web|author= |title=The Missionary Register|pages=54-55 |date= 1813| url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=3065&page=0&action=null| publisher =Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library | accessdate=9 March 2019}} 46. ^{{cite web|author= |title=The Missionary Register|pages=67-68 |date= 1831| url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=3065&page=0&action=null| publisher =Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library | accessdate=9 March 2019}} 47. ^{{cite web|author= |title=The Missionary Register|pages=475 |date= 1842| url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=3976&page=0&action=null| publisher =Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library | accessdate=9 March 2019}} 48. ^{{cite web|author= |title=The Missionary Register|pages=364|date= 1845| url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=4024&page=0&action=null| publisher =Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library | accessdate=9 March 2019}} 49. ^{{cite book |last1=Williams |first1= William |authorlink1= |title= The Turanga journals, 1840–1850|url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document?wid=3676&action=null |format= |accessdate= |year=1974|publisher= F. Porter (Ed) |location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=44|pages= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 50. ^{{cite web|author= |title= New Zealand Mission|pages= 364–373|date= 1845|url=https://archive.org/details/1845CMSMissionaryRegister | publisher = Missionary Register| accessdate=12 December 2015}} 51. ^{{cite web| last = Transcribed by Terry Brown Bishop of Malaita, Church of the Province of Melanesia, 2008 | first = | title = Untitled article on Maori Bible translation|chapter=|date=10 November 1858|publisher= The Church Journal, New-York | url= http://anglicanhistory.org/nz/maunsell_translation1858.html| accessdate=30 November 2014}} 52. ^1 {{cite web|author= |title=The Missionary Register|pages=225|date= 1853| url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=3211&page=0&action=null| publisher =Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library | accessdate=9 March 2019}} 53. ^1 {{cite web|title= Maori (or New Zealand) Version of the Scriptures|pages= |date= |url= http://www.biblicalcyclopedia.com/M/maori-(or-new-zealand)-version-of-the-scriptures.html| publisher = McClintock and Strong Biblical Cyclopedia| accessdate=16 October 2017}} 54. ^{{Cite web|url= http://www.teara.govt.nz/1966/M/Missions/ChurchMissionarySociety/en |title=Church Missionary Society|accessdate=18 July 2008 |work = The Encyclopedia of New Zealand}} 55. ^{{cite book |last1= Carleton |first1=Hugh |authorlink1= |title= The Life of Henry Williams: "Early Recollections" written by Henry Williams |url= |format= |accessdate= |year= 1874 |publisher= Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library|location= |language= |isbn= |oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages=15–17|chapter= Vol. II |chapterurl=http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document?wid=1048&page=1&action=null|quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 56. ^{{cite web|last = Fisher| first = Robin| work = Dictionary of New Zealand biography | title = Williams, Henry 1792 – 1867 |url= http://www.dnzb.govt.nz/dnzb/default.asp?Find_Quick.asp?PersonEssay=1W22|date = 22 June 2007 |accessdate=28 October 2013}} 57. ^{{cite book |last1=Williams |first1= William |authorlink1= |title= The Turanga journals, 1840–1850|url=http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=3680&page=0&action=null |format= |accessdate= |year=1974|publisher= F. Porter (Ed)|location= |language= |isbn= |oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages=239-241 |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 58. ^1 {{cite book |last1=Williams |first1= William |authorlink1= |title= The Turanga journals, 1840–1850|url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document?wid=3676&action=null |format= |accessdate= |year=1974|publisher= F. Porter (Ed) Wellington |location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=37|pages= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 59. ^1 {{cite book |last1= |first1= |authorlink1= |title= The Missionary Register (1814-1853)|url= |format= |accessdate= |year= 1853 |publisher= |location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages=226–228 |chapter= Sections relating to New Zealand |chapterurl= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=3211&page=1&action=null|quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 60. ^{{cite web|author= |title=The Missionary Register|pages=407-408|date= 1852| url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=3205&page=0&action=null| publisher =Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library | accessdate=9 March 2019}} 61. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, June 1848|work=The Two New-Zealand Martyrs|accessdate=17 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1848_05/4| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 62. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, August 1853|work= Manihera, and His Murderer, Huiatahi|accessdate=18 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1853_08/4| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 63. ^{{cite web|first= Eugene|last= Stock |title = Extracts pertaining to New Zealand from the 'History of The Church Missionary Society' Vol. 2| date =1899|url= http://www.waitangi.com/cms/cms_vol2b.html|publisher= www.waitangi.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}} 64. ^{{cite book |last1= |first1= |authorlink1= |title= The Centenaru Volume of the Church Missionary Society for Africa and the East 1799-1899|url= https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/1813/29805/1/Z163_02_0540.pdf|year=1902|publisher= London : Church Missionary Society, digital publication: Cornell University|location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=|pages=|chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 65. ^{{cite web|first= |last= Bernard John Foster; edited by A. H. McLintock |title = 'ASHWELL, Benjamin Yates'| date =1966|url= https://teara.govt.nz/en/1966/ashwell-benjamin-yates|publisher= Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand|accessdate=29 January 2019}} 66. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book |last1= Petrie |first1= Hazel |authorlink1= |title= Chiefs of Industry: Maori Tribal Enterprise in Early Colonial New Zealand|url= |format= |accessdate= |year=2006|publisher= Auckland University Press|location= |language= |isbn= 9781869403768|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=|pages= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 67. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, September 1842 |work= Anxiety of New Zealand Converts for the Conversion of Their Brethren|accessdate=11 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1842_09/9| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 68. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, December 1843 |work= Illustration of the value of a Liturgy|accessdate=13 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1843_12/8| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 69. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|author= |title= New Zealand Mission|pages= 150–158|date= 1846| url= https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=5MEPAAAAIAAJ| publisher = Missionary Register| accessdate=12 December 2015}} 70. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, October 1847|work=Visits to Pious Sick New Zealanders|accessdate=16 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1847_10/5| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 71. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 {{cite web|author= |title=Blain Biographical Directory of Anglican clergy in the South Pacific|pages= |date= 2019| url= http://anglicanhistory.org/nz/blain_directory/directory.pdf| publisher =| accessdate=9 February 2019}} 72. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book |last1=Williams |first1= William |authorlink1= |title= The Turanga journals, 1840–1850|url= |format= |accessdate= |year=1974|publisher= F. Porter (Ed) |location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=40|pages= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 73. ^1 2 {{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, July 1851|work= New Zealand Welcome|accessdate=18 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1850-1851_16/3| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 74. ^{{cite web |first =Charles | last =Barker |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, April 1856|work= A Memoir of Pita Whakangaua, Head Teacher of Rangitukia|accessdate=23 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1856_04/7| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 75. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, October 1844 |work= Illustration, by a New-Zealand Christian, of the Worthy and Unworthy Reception of the Lord's Supper|accessdate=13 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1844_10/10| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 76. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book |last1= Bedggood |first1= W.E. |authorlink1= |title=Brief History of St John Baptist Church Te Waimate|year=1971|publisher= News, Kaikohe |location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=|pages= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 77. ^1 2 {{cite web| last = | first = |title= Appointments by Bishop Selwyn| publisher=Nelson Examiner and New Zealand Chronicle, Volume II, Issue 102, 17 February 1844, Page 405|chapter=|date =1844|url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=NENZC18440217.2.10| accessdate=11 October 2015}} 78. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, December 1846|work=Baptism of an Aged Woman in New Zealand|accessdate=3 November 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1846_12/12| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 79. ^1 {{cite web|author= |title= New Zealand Mission|pages= 105–108|date= 1845| url=https://archive.org/details/1845CMSMissionaryRegister | publisher = Missionary Register| accessdate=12 December 2015}} 80. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, October 1853|work= Kaitaia|accessdate=18 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1853_10/2| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 81. ^{{cite book |last1= Compiled by R. J. Barton |first1=|authorlink1= |title= Earliest New Zealand: the Journals and Correspondence of the Rev. John Butler |format= |accessdate= |year= 1927 |publisher= Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library|location= |language= |isbn= |oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages= |chapter= |url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document?wid=1455&action=null |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 82. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, July 1847|work=Princely Native Feast at Puhirua, New Zealand|accessdate=16 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1847_07/8| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 83. ^{{cite book | title=An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand | year=1966 |publisher=Ministry for Culture and Heritage / Te Manatū Taonga |url= http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/1966/clarke-george/1 | editor=A. H. McLintock| chapter= CLARKE, George | accessdate= 14 January 2011}} 84. ^{{cite web| last = | first = | title =George Clarke (1798–1875 |url= http://www.clarke.org.nz/?sid=10| accessdate=14 September 2011}} 85. ^{{NZHPT|3|Te Waimate Mission House|2009-12-01}} 86. ^{{cite web|author= |title=The Missionary Register|pages=563 |date= 1836| url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=4041&page=0&action=null| publisher =Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library | accessdate=9 March 2019}} 87. ^{{cite book |title=The Authentic and Genuine History of the Signing of the Treaty of Waitangi|last=Colenso|first=William|authorlink=William Colenso|year=1890|publisher=By Authority of George Didsbury, Government Printer|location=Wellington|url=http://www.waitangi.com/colenso/colhis1.html|accessdate=31 August 2011}} 88. ^{{cite web|last = Mackay| first =David| work = Dictionary of New Zealand biography | title = Colenso, William|url= http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/1c23/colenso-william|date = 30 October 2012 |accessdate=7 December 2015}} 89. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|last = Murray| first = Janet E.| work = Dictionary of New Zealand biography | title = Colenso, Elizabeth|url= http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/1c22/colenso-elizabeth|date = 30 October 2012 |accessdate=24 November 2015}} 90. ^1 2 3 {{cite web| last =Transcribed by the Right Reverend Dr. Terry Brown | first = | title=ELIZABETH COLENSO: Her work for the Melanesian Mission, by her eldest granddaughter Francis Edith Swabey 1956|work=|date=2007|url= http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/colenso1956.html|accessdate=5 December 2015}} 91. ^1 {{cite book |last1=Coleman|first1= John Noble |authorlink1= |title= A Memoir of the Rev. Richard Davis - Chapter IX. Missionary Operations...1843...1852|url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=1158&page=0&action=null|format= |accessdate= |year=1865|publisher= |location= |language= |isbn= |oclc= |doi= |id= |page=363|pages=|chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 92. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, November 1844 |work= Spiritual Awakening at Kaikohi, New Zealand — Need of Earnest Prayer|accessdate=13 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1844_11/8| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 93. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, June 1851|work= Heke|accessdate=18 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1850-1851_15/1| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 94. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, August 1845 |work= Desire of a Blind New Zealander for Scriptural Instruction|accessdate=13 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1845_08/10| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 95. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title=Widow of the Missionary |work= New Zealand Herald, Volume LVI, Issue 17332, 2 December 1919, Page 8|accessdate=18 October 2015 |url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=NZH19191202.2.89| publisher =National Library of NZ}} 96. ^1 2 3 {{cite web| last = John Alexander Wilson, edited by C.J. Wilson | first = |title= Missionary Life and Work in New Zealand, 1833 to 1862: Being the Private Journal of the Late Rev. John Alexander Wilson | publisher=Early New Zealand Books (NZETC)|chapter=|date =1889|url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=699&page=1&action=null| accessdate=3 February 2019}} 97. ^{{cite web| last =Watson | first =Norton | work = Ohinemuri Regional History Journal 14, October 1970| title =By way of Puriri Mission |url= http://www.ohinemuri.org.nz/journal/14/by_way_puriri_mission.htm| accessdate=19 October 2014}} 98. ^1 2 {{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, May 1842 |work= Great Love of the New Zealanders for the Word of God|accessdate=11 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1842_05/3| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 99. ^1 {{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, August 1843 |work= New Zealand Mission - Extracts from Two Letters From the Bishop of New Zealand |accessdate=12 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1843_08/4 | publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 100. ^{{cite web|author= |title=The Missionary Register|pages=222 |date= 1838| url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=4066&page=0&action=null| publisher =Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library | accessdate=9 March 2019}} 101. ^{{cite journal|ref=|last1= Owens |first1= J. M. R. |authorlink1= |title= Missionary Medicine and Maori Health: The Record of the Wesleyan Mission to New Zealand Before 1840|url=http://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/document//Volume_81_1972/Volume_81%2C_No._4/Missionary_medicine_and_Maori_health%3A_the_record_of_the_Wesleyan_Mission_to_New_Zealand_before_1840%2C_by_J._M._R._Owens%2C_p_418-436/p1|year= 1972 |journal= The Journal of the Polynesian Society|volume=81|issue=4|pages=418-436}} 102. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book |last1= |first1= |authorlink1= |title= The Centenaru Volume of the Church Missionary Society for Africa and the East 1799-1899|url= https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/1813/29805/1/Z163_02_0540.pdf|year=1902|publisher= London : Church Missionary Society, digital publication: Cornell University|location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=|pages=|chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 103. ^1 {{cite web|author= |title=Samuel Hayward Ford: NZ’s first resident surgeon|pages= |date= 15 November 2008| url= https://timespanner.blogspot.com/2008/11/samuel-hayward-ford-nzs-first-resident.html| publisher = | accessdate=11 March 2019}} 104. ^{{cite web| last = Derby | first = Mark |title= Wai 900 – East Coast inquiry, 'Undisturbed Possession' – Te Tiriti o Waitangi and East Coast Māori 1840 – 1865 (Scoping Report)| publisher= Ruawaipu| chapter=|date = July 2007|url= http://www.ruawaipu.com/files/research_reports/Tiriti-o-Waitangi-scoping-report.pdf| accessdate=3 October 2011}} 105. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, January 1851|work=The Aged Chief of Taupo|accessdate=18 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1850-1851_10/9| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 106. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, May 1874|work= The Church Missionary House at Pukawa|accessdate=24 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1874_05/10| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 107. ^1 {{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, September 1865|work= Death of the Rev. C. S Volkner|accessdate=24 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1865_09/2| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 108. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, February 1877|work= The Rev. T. S. Grace of New Zealand|accessdate=24 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1877_02/2| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 109. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, March 1842 |work= Remarkable Introduction and Rapid Extension of the Gospel in the Neighbourhood of Cook's Straits|accessdate=10 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1842_03/4| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 110. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, November 1852|work= Tamahana Te Rauparaha (part 3) |accessdate=18 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1852_11/6| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 111. ^{{cite book |last1= Fitzgerald |first1= Caroline |authorlink1= |title= Te Wiremu: Henry Williams – Early Years in the North |url= |format= |accessdate= |year=2011|publisher= Huia Publishers, New Zealand |location= |language= |isbn=978-1-86969-439-5 |oclc= |doi= |id= |page=52 |pages= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 112. ^1 {{cite book |last1= Middleton |first1= Angela |authorlink1= |title= Te Puna - A New Zealand Mission Station: Historical Archaeology in New Zealand|url= |year=2008|publisher= Springer|location= |language= |isbn=978-0-387-77620-0|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=|pages=|chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 113. ^Carleton 1874, Vol I. p. 26. 114. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, August 1844 |work= Formation of a Station at Kauakaua, Hick’s Bay|accessdate=13 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1844_08/8| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 115. ^1 {{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, January 1845 |work= Missionary Tour in the Eastern District of New Zealand|accessdate=13 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1845_01/13| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 116. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, August 1846|work= Influence of a Missionary in Reconciling Contending Parties of New Zealanders |accessdate=16 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1846_08/10| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 117. ^{{DNZB|title=Margaret Kissling|first= Joan C.|last= Stanley|id=1k13|accessdate=1 December 2011}} 118. ^1 2 {{cite web| last =Wilton | first =David| work = Hauraki Mission Station (Puriri and Parawai sites)| title =The Treasury Journal, Vol 1 |date =2008|url= http://www.thetreasury.org.nz/HaurakiMission/HaurakiMission.htm| accessdate=1 November 2015}} 119. ^{{cite web|author= |title=The Missionary Register|pages=386 |date= 1843| url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=3980&page=0&action=null| publisher =Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library | accessdate=9 March 2019}} 120. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, July 1843 |work= Progress of the Gospel in the Western District of New Zealand – the death of Rev J Mason|accessdate=12 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1843_07/9| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 121. ^{{cite web |first = Joseph | last = Matthews|title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, August 1841 |work=A Church Mission in New Zealand|accessdate=9 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1841_05/2| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 122. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, June 1843 |work= Death of a Native Christian Chief in New Zealand|accessdate=12 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1843_06/11| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 123. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, September 1846|work=Hopeful Deaths of New-Zealand Converts|accessdate=16 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1846_09/10| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 124. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, May 1847|work=Baptism and Death of a Pious New-Zealand Chief|accessdate=16 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1847_05/7| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 125. ^{{cite web| last = | first = |title= Richard Matthews| publisher=Pre 1839 Settlers in New Zealand|chapter=|date =|url= https://sites.google.com/site/pre1839settlersinnz/home/notes/richard-matthews| accessdate=11 October 2015}} 126. ^1 {{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, November 1850|work=Bible Class at Matamata|accessdate=17 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1850-1851_08/2| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 127. ^{{cite web |first = John | last = Morgan |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, December 1841 |work=Horrors Attending New Zealand Warfare|accessdate=9 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1841_09/9| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 128. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, December 1846|work=The Station of Otawao, New Zealand|accessdate=16 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1846_12/12| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 129. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, August 1847|work=Advancement of New Zealanders in Civilization|accessdate=16 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1847_08/9| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 130. ^{{cite book |last1= Pilley|first1= Henry Miles |authorlink1= |title= The New Zealand missionary|url= http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-52836292/view?partId=nla.obj-99861089#page/n5/mode/1up |accessdate= |year=1838|publisher= Cheltenham : William Wight, digital publication: National Library of Australia (NLA)|location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=|pages=|chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 131. ^{{cite web| title = War Veterans|chapter=|year= 16 January 1913|publisher= Manawatu Times, Volume LXV, Issue 1824| url= https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/MT19130116.2.11| accessdate=17 February 2019}} 132. ^{{cite web| last = | first = |title= Preece family| publisher=Pre 1839 Settlers in New Zealand|chapter=|date =|url= https://sites.google.com/site/pre1839settlersinnz/home/notes/preece-family| accessdate=18 October 2015}} 133. ^{{cite web| last =Wilton | first =David| work = The Hauraki Mission Station (HMS) Parawai Site| title =The Treasury Journal, Vol 3 |date =2010|url= http://www.thetreasury.org.nz/ParawaiUpdate/ParawaiUpdate.htm| accessdate=1 November 2015}} 134. ^{{cite web|author= |title=The Missionary Register|pages=411-414|date= 1845| url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=4025&page=0&action=null| publisher =Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library | accessdate=9 March 2019}} 135. ^{{cite web|author= |title= New Zealand Mission|pages= 411–414|date= 1845|url=https://archive.org/details/1845CMSMissionaryRegister | publisher = Missionary Register| accessdate=12 December 2015}} 136. ^{{cite book | title=Harvest of grace: essays in celebration of 150 years of mission in the Anglican Diocese of Nelson | year=2010 |publisher=Standing Committee of the Diocese of Nelson|url= | editor=René́ Bester| chapter= | accessdate=}} 137. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, October 1854 |work= Leonard, of Rotorua|accessdate=18 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1854_10/5| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 138. ^1 {{cite book |last1=|first1= |authorlink1= |title= Missionary Register, Volume 39|url= |format= |accessdate= |year=1851|publisher= Seeley, Jackson, & Halliday |location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=221|pages= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 139. ^{{cite book |last1=|first1= |authorlink1= |title= Missionary Register, Volume 43|url= |format= |accessdate= |year=1855|publisher= Seeley, Jackson, & Halliday |location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=255|pages= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 140. ^{{cite web| last = | first = | work= Williams, H. The Early Journals of Henry Williams, p. 479-494|title= Appendix IV – The Herald (H. Williams, Journal, 9 October 1827) |date =1961 |url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document?wid=3826&page=1&action=null|accessdate=14 February 2017}} 141. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, October 1859|work= United Meeting of the Schools in the Waikato District|accessdate=24 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1859_10/5| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 142. ^{{cite web| last = John Alexander Wilson, edited by C.J. Wilson | first = |title= Missionary Life and Work in New Zealand, 1833 to 1862: Being the Private Journal of the Late Rev. John Alexander Wilson | publisher=Early New Zealand Books (NZETC)|chapter=|date =1889|url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=701&page=0&action=null | accessdate=3 February 2019}} 143. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, April 1874|work= The Late Rev. R. Taylor|accessdate=24 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1874_04/1| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 144. ^{{cite book |last1=Williams |first1= William |authorlink1= |title= The Turanga journals, 1840–1850|url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document?wid=3676&action=null |format= |accessdate= |year=1974|publisher= F. Porter (Ed) |location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page=|pages=32 & 67 |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 145. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, March 1844 |work= A Native Congregation at Waimate – Contrast between the Past and the Present|accessdate=13 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1844_03/10| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 146. ^{{cite web|author= |title=The Missionary Register|pages=108-109|date= 1844| url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=3980&page=0&action=null| publisher =Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library | accessdate=9 March 2019}} 147. ^1 {{cite book |last1=Williams |first1= William |authorlink1= |title= The Turanga journals, 1840–1850|url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=3695&page=0&action=null|format= |accessdate= |year=1974|publisher= F. Porter (Ed)|location= |language= |isbn= |oclc= |doi= |id= |page=525|pages=|chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 148. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, March 1853|work= Native Traits and Gospel Influence|accessdate=18 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1853_03/1| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 149. ^1 {{cite encyclopedia |title=Völkner, Carl Sylvius |first=Evelyn |last=Stokes |encyclopedia= Dictionary of New Zealand Biography |url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/1v5/volkner-carl-sylvius |publisher=Ministry for Culture and Heritage |location=Wellington, New Zealand |date=30 October 2012}} 150. ^{{cite web |title=Carl Volkner |work= New Zealand History Online |url= http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/people/carl-volkner |publisher=Ministry for Culture and Heritage |location=Wellington, New Zealand |date=3 March 2014}} 151. ^{{cite web|author= |title=The Missionary Register|pages=471 |date= 1835| url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/?wid=3125&page=0&action=null| publisher =Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library | accessdate=9 March 2019}} 152. ^{{DNZB|Rorke|Jinty|2w29|John Alexander Wilson|30 January 2016}} 153. ^{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, October 1842 |work= Anxiety of a New Zealander of Rank for the Word of God|accessdate=11 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1842_10/10| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |subscription=yes}} 154. ^1 {{cite book |last1= Carleton |first1=Hugh |authorlink1= |title= The Life of Henry Williams|url= |format= |accessdate= |year= 1874 |publisher= Early New Zealand Books (ENZB), University of Auckland Library|location= |language= |isbn= |oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages= |chapter= Vol. I |chapterurl=http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document?wid=1038&action=null|quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 155. ^{{cite book |last1= Fitzgerald |first1= Caroline |authorlink1= |title= Marianne Williams: Letters from the Bay of Islands |url= |format= |accessdate= |year=2004|publisher= Penguin Books, New Zealand |location= |language= |isbn=0-14-301929-5 |oclc= |doi= |id= |page=103 |pages= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 156. ^{{cite book |last1= Yate|first1= William|authorlink1= |title= An Account of New Zealand: And of the Formation and Progress of the Church Missionary Society's Mission in the Northern Island |url= http://www.enzb.auckland.ac.nz/document/1867_-_Williams%2C_William._Christianity_among_the_New_Zealanders |format= |accessdate= |year=1835|publisher= R.B. Seeley and W. Burnside |location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }} 157. ^{{cite web|first=Binney|last=Judith|title = Yate, William – Biography|date =1 September 2010|url= http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/biographies/1y1/1|publisher= Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand|accessdate=24 September 2011}} External links
9 : Religious organizations established in 1892|Church of England missions|Church of England missionary societies|Evangelical Anglicanism|Christian organizations established in the 19th century|Anglican organizations|Anglican organizations established in the 19th century|Anglicanism in New Zealand|Religious organisations based in New Zealand |
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