| 词条 | Next Icelandic parliamentary election | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| election_name = Next Icelandic legislative election | country = Iceland | type = parliamentary | ongoing = yes | previous_election = Icelandic parliamentary election, 2017 | previous_year = 2017 | election_date = On or before 23 October 2021 | seats_for_election = All 63 seats in the Althing | majority_seats = 32 | opinion_polls = #Opinion polls | turnout = | image1 = | leader1 = Bjarni Benediktsson | party1 = Independence Party (Iceland) | leader_since1 = 29 March 2009 | last_election1 = 16 seats, 25.2% | leaders_seat1 = Southwest | seats1 = | seat_change1 = | popular_vote1 = | percentage1 = | swing1 = | image2 = | leader2 = Katrín Jakobsdóttir | leader_since2 = 24 February 2013 | party2 = Left-Green Movement | leaders_seat2 = Reykjavík North | last_election2 = 11 seats, 16.9% | seats2 = | seat_change2 = | popular_vote2 = | percentage2 = | swing2 = | image3 = | leader3 = Sigurður Ingi Jóhannsson | leader_since3 = 2 October 2016 | party3 = Progressive Party (Iceland) | leaders_seat3 = South | last_election3 = 8 seats, 10.7% | seats3 = | seat_change3 = | popular_vote3 = | percentage3 = | swing3 = | image4 = | leader4 = Logi Már Einarsson | leader_since4 = 31 October 2016 | party4 = Social Democratic Alliance | leaders_seat4 = Northeast | last_election4 = 7 seats, 12.1% | seats4 = | seat_change4 = | popular_vote4 = | percentage4 = | swing4 = | image5 = | leader5 = Sigmundur Davíð Gunnlaugsson | leader_since5 = 24 September 2017 | party5 = Centre Party (Iceland) | leaders_seat5 = Northeast | last_election5 = 7 seats, 10.9% | seats5 = | seat_change5 = | popular_vote5 = | percentage5 = | swing5 = | image6 = | leader6 = Halldóra Mogensen{{efn|The Pirate Party has no official leader; the leader of the parliamentary party has been Halldóra Mogensen since 2017.|name="Pirates"}} | leader_since6 = 14 September 2017 | party6 = Pirate Party (Iceland) | leaders_seat6 = Reykjavík North | last_election6 = 6 seats, 9.2% | seats6 = | seat_change6 = | popular_vote6 = | percentage6 = | swing6 = | image7 = | leader7 = Inga Sæland | leader_since7 = 27 January 2017 | party7 = People's Party (Iceland, 2016) | leaders_seat7 = Reykjavík South | last_election7 = 4 seats, 6.9% | seats7 = | seat_change7 = | popular_vote7 = | percentage7 = | swing7 = | image8 = | leader8 = Þorgerður Katrín Gunnarsdóttir | leader_since8 = 11 October 2017 | party8 = Reform Party (Iceland) | leaders_seat8 = Southwest | last_election8 = 4 seats, 6.7% | seats8 = | seat_change8 = | popular_vote8 = | percentage8 = | swing8 = | map_image = Wahlkreise in Island.svg | map_size = 350px | map_caption = Electoral constituencies of Iceland | title = Prime Minister | before_election = Katrín Jakobsdóttir | before_party = Left-Green Movement | after_election = | after_party = }} The next Icelandic parliamentary election to elect members of the Althing will be held no later than 23 October 2021. BackgroundPrevious electionThe 2017 parliamentary election was called after the collapse of the coalition government between the Independence Party, Reform Party, and Bright Future after the withdrawal of the latter over a breach of trust involving a request to grant a convicted pedophile "restored honor" from the father of Prime Minister Bjarni Benediktsson.[1][2][3] In the 2017 election, the Independence Party lost 5 seats and was reduced to 16, while the Reform Party lost 3 to win 4, and Bright Future was eliminated from the Althing entirely. The Left-Green Movement gained 1 seat to win 11, the Social Democratic Alliance gained 4 seats to win 7, the Progressive Party remained steady with 8 seats, and the Pirate Party lost 4 seats and was reduced to 6 in total. Two parties entered the Althing for the first time, with the People's Party securing 4 seats and the Centre Party winning 7 seats.[4] With 16 seats and 25.2% of the vote, the Independence Party achieved its second-worst electoral performance in its history in terms of vote percentage, the worst being the 2009 election, and tied its record low number of seats.[5] A total of 24 women were elected to the Althing, compared to 30 in the 2016 election.[6] Of those elected to the Althing, 19 are new, but this is considerably lower than in 2016 with 32.[7] Government formation{{see also|Icelandic parliamentary election, 2017#Government formation}}On 30 October, President Guðni Th. Jóhannesson met with the leaders of the eight parliamentary parties.[8] The four former opposition parties held informal talks,[9] with the Progressive Party in pole position to determine whether the Independence Party or the Left-Greens would lead the next government.[10] After meeting with Guðni, Left-Green leader Katrín Jakobsdóttir declared that she wanted to form a government with the four former opposition parties,[11] noting that though a coalition with additional parties would provide more than 32 seats, it was out of consideration before a four-party coalition was first attempted.[12] On 2 November, Guðni Th. Jóhannesson granted Katrín Jakobsdóttir, leader of the Left-Green Movement, the mandate to form a coalition between her party, the Progressives, Social Democratic Alliance, and Pirates,[13] the four having agreed to begin formal coalition talks.[14] On 6 November, after the Progressives announced that they would not continue talks over difficult issues with such a thin majority, Katrín announced that she would return her mandate.[15] In the following days, the leaders of the Left-Greens, Independence Party, and Progressive Party discussed the possibility of forming a coalition together, with the Left-Greens insistent that Katrín become prime minister in that case,[16] an idea supported by the Progressives;[17] in exchange, demissionary prime minister Bjarni Benediktsson would be appointed finance minister.[18] Talks between the three parties were completed swiftly, and after meeting with Katrín on 28 November, Guðni formally granted her the mandate to lead a government with the Independence Party and Progressive Party, pending the support of each of the parties, with the new government seated on 30 November.[19] According Article 22 of the constitution, the president must convene the newly elected Althing within 10 weeks of the election, though it may need to meet earlier in order to approve the 2018 budget.[20] Electoral systemThe 63 members of the Althing are elected by closed list proportional representation in six multi-member constituencies, with 54 seats distributed between parties at the constituency level with no electoral threshold and 9 leveling seats assigned to party lists at the national level with a threshold of 5 percent required in order to ensure proportionality with the election result.[21] The 54 constituency seats are distributed within each constituency according to the D'Hondt method.[22] Election lists are determined by parties; although voters have the option of marking preferential votes for particular candidates, these have no effect on the result.[21] In the 2017 election, the Social Democratic Alliance received 7 seats – fewer than the Progressive Party, which came third in number of seats – despite the fact that it came third in the overall vote,[23] with the Centre Party similarly receiving more votes but securing fewer seats than the Progressive Party.[4] In the aftermath of the election, two professors at the University of Akureyri suggested that there was no need for a national constituency to allocate equalization seats, and that 15 leveling seats would be necessary to ensure proportionality in the future.[24] In addition, the imbalance in number of votes between constituencies nearly violated the level stipulated in the constitution, with 2,690 votes cast in the Northwest constituency compared to 5,346 in the Southwest constituency, a ratio of 199%, just short of the constitutional limit of 200%.[25] DatePer Article 20 in Chapter V of Act No. 24 from the 16 May 2000 Law Concerning Parliamentary Elections to the Althing, last amended in 2017, elections must be held no later than the same weekday of the month four years after the previous elections, counting from the turn of the month;[26] therefore, because the 2017 election took place on the fourth Saturday in October, the latest possible date for the next election is 23 October 2021.[27] PartiesThe table below lists parties represented in the Althing after the 2017 parliamentary election.
Opinion pollsThe sample size listed is the total number of responses, if available; if not, then the sample size listed is the total number of individuals contacted, and the response rate for the poll is given. Graphical summaryD = Independence Party, V = Left-Green Movement, S = Social Democratic Alliance, M = Centre Party, B = Progressive Party, P = Pirate Party, F = People's Party, C = Reform Party, J = Socialist Party. Vote share
Seats
Notes{{notelist}}References1. ^{{cite news|author=Brynjólfur Þór Guðmundsson|title=Benedikt segir sig frá málum um uppreist æru|url=http://www.ruv.is/frett/benedikt-segir-sig-fra-malum-um-uppreist-aeru|publisher=RÚV|date=15 September 2017|accessdate=30 October 2017}} 2. ^{{cite news|author=Ásrún Brynja Ingvarsdóttir|title=Viðreisn vill forsætis-og dómsmálaráðherra frá|url=http://www.ruv.is/frett/vidreisn-vill-forsaetis-og-domsmalaradherra-fra|publisher=RÚV|date=15 September 2017|accessdate=30 October 2017}} 3. ^{{cite news|author=Guðmundur Magnússon|title=Aftur tími óstöðugleikans|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/innlent/2017/09/17/aftur_timi_ostodugleikans/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=17 September 2017|accessdate=30 October 2017}} 4. ^1 {{cite news|title=Úrslit Alþingiskosninga í október 2017|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosningar/results/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=29 October 2017|accessdate=1 November 2017}} 5. ^{{cite news|author=Alexander Gunnar Kristjánsson|title=Þingflokkur Sjálfstæðisflokks aldrei minni|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2017/10/29/thingflokkur_d_aldrei_minni/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=29 October 2017|accessdate=3 November 2017}} 6. ^{{cite news|author=Sylvía Rut Sigfúsdóttir|title=Ekki færri konur á Alþingi síðan árið 2007|url=http://www.visir.is/g/2017171028687|publisher=Vísir|date=29 October 2017|accessdate=3 November 2017}} 7. ^{{cite news|author=Bjarki Ármannsson|title=Nítján nýir þingmenn taka sæti|url=http://www.visir.is/g/2017171028689|publisher=Vísir|date=29 October 2017|accessdate=3 November 2017}} 8. ^{{cite news|author=Ásrún Brynja Ingvarsdóttir|title=Forsetinn boðar forystumenn á sinn fund|url=http://www.ruv.is/frett/forsetinn-bodar-forystumenn-a-sinn-fund|publisher=RÚV|date=29 October 2017|accessdate=3 November 2017}} 9. ^{{cite news|title="Afslappað og ágætt svona"|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2017/10/31/afslappad_og_agaett_svona/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=31 October 2017|accessdate=3 November 2017}} 10. ^{{cite news|author=Brynjólfur Þór Guðmundsson|title=Framsókn í lykilaðstöðu|url=http://www.ruv.is/frett/framsokn-i-lykiladstodu|publisher=RÚV|date=30 October 2017|accessdate=3 November 2017}} 11. ^{{cite news|author=Hulda Hólmkelsdóttir|title=Katrín byrjuð að ræða ríkisstjórnarsamstarf við hina stjórnarandstöðuflokkana|url=http://www.visir.is/g/2017171039938|publisher=Vísir|date=30 October 2017|accessdate=3 November 2017}} 12. ^{{cite news|author=Sólrún Lilja Ragnarsdóttir|title=Þarf að ákveða að fara áfram eða hætta|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2017/11/01/tharf_ad_akveda_ad_fara_afram_eda_haetta/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=1 November 2017|accessdate=3 November 2017}} 13. ^{{cite news|title=Katrín komin með umboðið|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2017/11/02/katrin_komin_med_umbodid/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=2 November 2017|accessdate=2 November 2017}} 14. ^{{cite news|author=Elín Margrét Böðvarsdóttir|title=Katrín mætt á fund forseta|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2017/11/02/katrin_maett_a_fund_forseta/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=2 November 2017|accessdate=3 November 2017}} 15. ^{{cite news|author=Sólrún Lilja Ragnarsdóttir|title=Katrín skilar forsetanum umboðinu|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2017/11/06/katrin_skilar_forsetanum_umbodinu/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=6 November 2017|accessdate=6 November 2017}} 16. ^{{cite news|author=Agnes Bragadóttir|title=Þrír að hefja viðræður|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2017/11/09/thrir_ad_hefja_vidraedur/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=9 November 2017|accessdate=10 November 2017}} 17. ^{{cite news|author=Sólrún Lilja Ragnarsdóttir|title=Þrír flokkar halda áfram óformlegum viðræðum|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2017/11/10/oformlegum_vidraedum_haldid_afram/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=10 November 2017|accessdate=10 November 2017}} 18. ^{{cite news|author=Agnes Bragadóttir|title=Sætta sig við Katrínu í forsæti|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2017/11/11/saetta_sig_vid_katrinu_i_forsaeti/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=11 November 2017|accessdate=11 November 2017}} 19. ^{{cite news|author=Jón Pétur Jónsson|title=Katrín fær stjórnarmyndunarumboðið|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2017/11/28/katrin_faer_stjornarmyndunarumbodid/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=28 November 2017|accessdate=28 November 2017}} 20. ^{{cite news|author=Sigtryggur Sigtryggsson|title=Fjárlög knýja á um að Alþingi komi saman|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2017/11/01/fjarlog_knyja_a_um_ad_althingi_komi_saman/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=1 November 2017|accessdate=3 November 2017}} 21. ^1 {{cite report|title=Ísland, Alþingiskosningar, 27. April 2013: Úttektarskýrsla|url=http://www.osce.org/is/odihr/elections/iceland/103314?download=true|publisher=OSCE/ODIHR|date=24 June 2013|accessdate=30 October 2017}} 22. ^{{cite web|title=Útreikningar við úthlutun jöfnunarsæta|url=http://www.kosning.is/upplysingar/jofnunarsaeti/|publisher=Kosningavefur Dómsmála- og Mannréttindaráðuneytisins|date=27 April 2013|accessdate=30 October 2017}} 23. ^{{cite news|author=Jóhann Ólafsson|title="Haa, nei! Ég var að skoða þetta"|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2017/10/29/haa_nei_eg_var_ad_skoda_thetta/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=29 October 2017|accessdate=3 November 2017}} 24. ^{{cite news|author=Ingvar Þór Björnsson|title=Fjölga þurfi jöfnunarsætum í fimmtán|url=http://www.visir.is/g/2017171028631|publisher=Vísir|date=29 October 2017|accessdate=3 November 2017}} 25. ^{{cite news|title=Vægi atkvæða nær tvöfalt í NV-kjördæmi|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/innlent/2017/10/31/vaegi_atkvaeda_naer_tvofalt_i_nv_kjordaemi/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=31 October 2017|accessdate=3 November 2017}} 26. ^{{cite web|title=24/2000: Lög um kosningar til Alþingis|url=https://www.althingi.is/lagas/nuna/2000024.html|publisher=Alþingi|date=1 September 2017|accessdate=30 October 2017}} 27. ^{{cite news|title=Atkvæðagreiðsla utan kjörfundar hefst í dag|url=http://www.mbl.is/frettir/kosning/2017/09/20/atkvaedagreidsla_utan_kjorfundar_hefst_i_dag/|newspaper=Morgunblaðið|date=20 September 2017|accessdate=30 October 2017}} External links
3 : Future elections in Europe|Parliamentary elections in Iceland|Opinion polling for future elections |
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