| 词条 | Operation Traira |
| 释义 |
|partof= the Colombian conflict and War on Drugs | conflict = Operation Traira | image = FARC areas of operation.jpg | image_size = 200px | caption = Taraíra River | date = {{Start date and age|1991|02}} | place = Amazonas state, Taraíra River in Brazilian-Colombian border. | result = Guerrilla attack on the Brazilian Army border post. Immediate and decisive response from the Brazilian government.
| combatant1 = {{Flag|Brazil|1968}}
| combatant2 = FARC
| commander1 ={{Flagdeco|Brazil|1968}} President Fernando Collor de Mello {{Flagdeco|Brazil|1968}} Ministry Gen. Carlos Tinoco Ribeiro Gomes {{Flagdeco|Brazil|1968}} Gen. Antenor de Santa Cruz Abreu {{Flagicon|Colombia}} President César Gaviria | commander2 = Unknown | strength1 = {{Flagdeco|Brazil|1968}} Brazil:
16 helicopters 6 AT-27 Tucano
| strength2 =200 guerrillas (40 guerrillas entered Brazilian territory) |casualties1 = Brazil: 3 killed 9 wounded |casualties2 = 12+ killed 150+ wounded & captured |casualties3 = 2 civilians killed }}{{More citations needed|date=December 2018}}{{Campaignbox Colombian conflict}} Operation Traíra was the response of the Brazilian Armed Forces, with support from the Colombian Army, to an attack on their detachment on the bank of the Traíra River by FARC in February 1991.[1][2]BackgroundThe Traíra Detachment had been established in May 1990, 300 miles north of Tabatinga on the Traíra River, which forms part of the border between Brazil and Colombia.[2] Its purpose was to confront the lawless situation in the region caused by the presence of illegal Brazilian and Colombian gold miners. It was under the command of the then 1st Border Command of the 1st Special Border Battalion, Tabatinga. Their mission was to maintain law and order by deporting Colombian miners and stopping Brazilian miners from entering the area.[1] Guerrilla incursionOn February 26, 1991, a group of 40 guerrillas of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, who called itself "Simon Bolivar Command", crossed the border from Colombia to Brazil and raided the Traíra detachment of the Brazilian Army, which was in semi-permanent installations and had only 17 troops, less than the attacking guerrilla column. Intelligence operations claim that the attack was motivated by repression by the border detachment of illegal mining in the region, one of FARC's funding sources. During the attack three Brazilian soldiers died and nine were injured. Two illegal Colombian miners who were detained at the camp also died.[1] Various weapons, ammunition and equipment were stolen. Military responseImmediately the Brazilian Armed Forces, authorized by President Fernando Collor de Mello and with the knowledge and support of Colombian President César Gaviria, secretly unleashed Operation Traíra, in order to recover the stolen arms and discourage further attacks.
The Brazilian Air Force supported Operation Traíra with six transport helicopters H-1H, six ground attack aircraft AT-27 Tucano and C-130 Hercules and C-115 Buffalo logistics support aircraft.
The Navy of Brazil supported the Traíra operation with a River Patrol ship, which was based in Vila Bittencourt, cooperating with the logistical support and ensuring the security of the region.
The Brazilian Army sent its main elite troops, special forces elements and commandos of the Battalion of Special Forces (current 1st Battalion of Special Forces and the 1st Command Action Battalion), as well as jungle warriors before 1st Special Battalion Border, to attack the guerrilla base that was in Colombian territory, near the border. They were also supported by soldiers of the 1st Infantry Battalion of Selva, the main unit of the Amazon Military Command. The Army Aviation Command was present by providing the means of transport used by the combatants employed in the mission, four maneuvering helicopters Eurocopter AS565 Panther, 2 recognition helicopters and Eurocopter AS350 Écureuil attack.
The Colombian Army supported the Traíra operation with the battalion Bejarano Muñoz, which is believed to have blocked the escape route of the guerrillas if they tried to escape the Brazilian Army attack. AftermathThe balance of operation Traíra was sixty-two guerrillas killed, more than one hundred captured, and most weapons and equipment being recovered. Since then, there were no more raids of the FARC in Brazil, as well as attacks on Brazilian military.{{Citation needed|date=November 2015}} References1. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/documents/amazon/amazon.htm|title=Guerrilla in The Brazilian Amazon|last1=de Souza Pinheiro|first1=Álvaro|last2=Mendel|first2=William W.|date=July 1995|website=|publisher=Foreign Military Studies Office|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628000650/http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/documents/amazon/amazon.htm|archive-date=28 June 2017|dead-url=|accessdate=21 September 2015}} 2. ^1 {{cite news |last1= Brooke |first1= James|title= Brazilian Troops Kill 3 Colombian Guerrillas |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/07/world/brazilian-troops-kill-3-colombian-guerrillas.html|accessdate= 21 September 2015 |work= The New York Times |date= March 7, 1991}} 4 : 1991 in Brazil|Military history of Brazil|Brazil–Colombia relations|FARC |
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