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词条 Passport Act of 1782
释义

  1. Passport Act, 1782

  2. United States Laws Governing Passports

  3. 1778-1799 Treaties of Trade with Old World

  4. See also

  5. Illustrations

  6. References

  7. Reading Bibliography

  8. External links

{{short description|American law}}

Passport Act of 1782 was enacted by the Congress of the Confederation on February 11, 1782. The Act was

recorded in the twenty-second volume of the Journals of the Continental Congress.[1][2] The passport article was a letter from Thomas Smith of Virgina to George Clymer, Samuel Osgood, and James Madison regarding the nautical trade between tobacco colonies. The Act of Congress states safe passage for the Commonwealth of Virginia traders capitulants seeking to transport tobacco from Yorktown, Virginia to New York.

Passport Act, 1782

Resolved, That the secretary of Congress be, and hereby is empowered to grant letters of passport and safe conduct for the exportation of such tobacco to New York, on the conditions and under the limitations which shall, to the said Secretary and to the Superintendant of the finances of the United States, appear most proper and beneficial to the said states, being consistent with the said capitulation: provided always, that permission be not given for the exporting of tobacco, beyond the amount of the produce of the sales of the said goods belonging to the capitulants abovementioned.

- Congress of the Confederation ~ Journals of the Continental Congress, Volume 22 (February 11, 1782)

United States Laws Governing Passports

United States federal statutes establishing authorities, powers, and rulings with regards to passports and sea letters awarded within the United States.

Date of EnactmentPublic Law NumberU.S. Statute CitationU.S. Legislative BillU.S. Presidential Administration
December 31, 1792P.L. 2-1{{usstat|1|287}}Chapter 1George Washington
June 1, 1796P.L. 4-45{{usstat|1|489}}Chapter 45George Washington
April 14, 1802P.L. 7-26{{usstat|2|153}}Chapter 26Thomas Jefferson
February 28, 1803P.L. 7-9{{usstat|2|203}}Chapter 9Thomas Jefferson
March 2, 1803P.L. 7-16{{usstat|2|208}}Chapter 16Thomas Jefferson
March 2, 1803P.L. 7-18{{usstat|2|209}}Chapter 18Thomas Jefferson
March 26, 1810P.L. 11-19{{usstat|2|568a}}Chapter 19James Madison
February 12, 1831P.L. 21-20{{usstat|4|441}}Chapter 20Andrew Jackson
August 18, 1856P.L. 34-127{{usstat|11|52}}Chapter 127Franklin Pierce
March 3, 1863P.L. 37-79{{usstat|12|744}}Chapter 79Abraham Lincoln
March 23, 1888P.L. 50-34{{usstat|25|45b}}Chapter 34Grover Cleveland
June 14, 1902P.L. 57-158{{usstat|32|386}}Chapter 1088William McKinley
March 4, 1909Pub.Res. 60-60{{usstat|35|1170}}{{USBill|60|HJ|235}}Theodore Roosevelt
June 4, 1920P.L. 66-238{{usstat|41|739}}{{USBill|66|H.R.|11960}}Woodrow Wilson
July 26, 1968P.L. 90-428{{usstat|82|446}}{{USBill|90|S.|1418}}Lyndon Johnson
September 17, 1974P.L. 93-417{{usstat|88|1151}}{{USBill|93|H.R.|15172}}Gerald Ford
January 10, 2006P.L. 109-167{{usstat|119|3578}}{{USBill|109|H.R.|4501}}George W. Bush

1778-1799 Treaties of Trade with Old World

Colonial America consented to terms with European dominions for respective commerce, maritime trade, and navigation regulations upon the conclusion of the American Revolution. During the cessation of the 18th century, mediterranean basin treaties were settled upon by the North African Barbary Coast and the Iberian Peninsula foreign states.

The multinational protocol documents or treaties endorse the use of passports and sea-letters for state sovereignty identification of merchant ships navigating the seven seas. The safe-conduct permits were allocated in the event of a declaration of war between nations while sequestering manners of dissension and quarrels. The travel dockets governed the full-rigged ship name, bulk and cargo aboard sailing ship, and the identity of commanders or shipmasters including their place of habitation.

1778-1794 European Commerce and Trade Treaties
Date of RatificationArtisanTreaty with Colonial AmericaSovereign StateSourceJournal Pages
February 6, 1778Confederation Congress[https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=008/llsl008.db&recNum=25 Amity and Commerce]FranceContinental Congress Journals, 1774-178912-30
October 8, 1782Confederation Congress[https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=008/llsl008.db&recNum=45 Amity and Commerce]United NetherlandsContinental Congress Journals, 1774-178932-50
April 3, 1783Confederation Congress[https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=008/llsl008.db&recNum=73 Amity and Commerce]SwedenContinental Congress Journals, 1774-178960-79
1785Confederation Congress[https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=008/llsl008.db&recNum=97 Amity and Commerce]PrussiaContinental Congress Journals, 1774-178984-99
November 19, 1794Confederation Congress[https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=008/llsl008.db&recNum=129 Amity, Commerce, and Navigation]Great BritainContinental Congress Journals, 1774-1789116-132
1795-1799 Mediterranean Amity and Peace Treaties
Date of RatificationArtisanTreaty with Colonial AmericaSovereign StateSourceJournal Pages
September 5, 1795Confederation Congress[https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=008/llsl008.db&recNum=146 Peace and Amity]AlgeriaContinental Congress Journals, 1774-1789133-137
October 27, 1795Confederation Congress[https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=008/llsl008.db&recNum=151 Friendship, Limits, and Navigation]SpainContinental Congress Journals, 1774-1789138-153
November 4, 1796Confederation Congress[https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=008/llsl008.db&recNum=167 Peace and Friendship]LibyaContinental Congress Journals, 1774-1789154-156
1797-1799Confederation Congress[https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=008/llsl008.db&recNum=170 Peace and Friendship]TunisiaContinental Congress Journals, 1774-1789157-161

See also

{{Portal|International relations|Nautical|Passports|Tobacco}}{{Commons category|Passports of the United States}}{{div col}}

1775–1795 in Western fashion

Age of Sail

Arnold Cipher

Bowditch's American Practical Navigator

British America

Carriage of Passengers Act of 1855

Celestial navigation

Cocket

Crimes Act of 1790

Flotsam, jetsam, lagan, and derelict

Georgian era

HM Customs

Impression seal

Jack Tar

Jay Treaty

Letter of marque

Mediterranean pass

Nautical almanac

Passport Act of 1926

President of the Continental Congress

Sealing wax

Smuggling

Steerage Act of 1819

Transatlantic crossing

Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–France)

Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Sweden)

United States passport

Wartime Measure Act of 1918

Winds in the Age of Sail

{{div col end}}

Illustrations

{{Gallery
| title=United States Passport Forms
| width=200 | height=250 | lines=3
| align=center
| File:1815 US passport - LONDON.jpg|U.S. passport awarded by John Quincy Adams in London on July 24, 1815 for William Story to enter France
| File:Ernest Hemingway Passport - NARA - 192687.jpg|U.S. passport awarded to Ernest Hemingway (circa 1921)
| File:Old US passport.jpg|Cover of a United States passport (circa 1927)
| File:ChurchillsUSPassport.png|U.S. passport awarded by John F. Kennedy to Winston Churchill (circa 1963)
| File:USA passport 1976.JPG|Cover of a United States passport (circa 1976)
}}

References

1. ^{{cite journal |author=Confederation Congress |date=February 11, 1782 |title=Continental Congress Passport Act, 1782 |url=https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=lljc&fileName=022/lljc022.db&recNum=79 |journal=Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789 |volume=22 |issue=Monday, February 11, 1782 |pages=70-71}}
2. ^{{cite journal |author=Confederation Congress |date=February 10, 1783 |title=Tobacco Cargo Passport, 1783 |url= https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=lljc&fileName=024/lljc024.db&recNum=128 |journal=Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789 |volume=24 |issue=Monday, February 10, 1783 |pages=121-122}}

Reading Bibliography

  • {{cite web |title=The Cosmopolites: The Coming of the Global Citizen |last=Abrahamian |first=Atossa Araxia |year=2015 |publisher=Columbia Global Reports |isbn=978-0990976363 |oclc=1023277977 |url={{google books|T3_HrQEACAAJ|plainurl=y}}}}
  • {{cite web |title=A Page of History: Passport Applications 1851-1914 |last=Goldfarb |first=Phil |year=2014 |publisher=Tate Publishing & Enterprises LLC. |isbn=978-1632682376 |oclc=880966971 |url={{google books|Kv45oAEACAAJ|plainurl=y}}}}
  • {{cite web |title=The Passport in America: The History of a Document |last=Robertson |first=Craig |year=2010 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0199779895 |oclc=768548553 |url={{google books|cG5MoS928GYC|plainurl=y}}}}
  • {{cite web |title=The Passport: The History of Man’s Most Travelled Document |last=Lloyd |first=Martin |year=2003 |location=Stroud, Gloucestershire |publisher=Sutton Publishing |isbn=978-0750929646 |oclc=59329531 |url={{google books|anEVAQAAIAAJ|plainurl=y}}}}
  • {{cite web |title=Rights of Passage: The Passport in International Relations |last=Salter |first=Mark B. |year=2003 |publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers |isbn=978-1588261458 |oclc=51518371 |url={{google books|3LlHjwV7730C|plainurl=y}}}}
  • {{cite web |title=The Invention of the Passport: Surveillance, Citizenship and the State |last=Torpey |first=John |year=2000 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0521634939 |oclc=41387626 |url={{google books|5vBtAgaFh6EC|plainurl=y}}}}
  • {{cite web |title=Passports of Southeastern Pioneers, 1770-1823: Indian, Spanish and Other Land Passports for Tennessee, Kentucky, Georgia, Mississippi, Virginia, North and South Carolina |last=Potter |first=Dorothy Williams |year=1990 |publisher=Genealogical Publishing Company |isbn=978-0806312729 |oclc=21376809 |url={{google books|U2CUaXEIhMYC|plainurl=y}}}}
  • {{cite web |title=The American Passport: Its History and a Digest of Laws, Rulings and Regulations Governing Its Issuance by the Department of State |author=United States Department of State |year=1898 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |url={{google books|HLAMAAAAYAAJ|plainurl=y}} |oclc=3836079}}

External links

  • {{cite journal |author=Richard Montgomery, Continental Army |date=November 12, 1775 |title=Articles of Capitulation ~ Citizens and Inhabitants of Montreal |url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/bdsdcc.00501/?sp=1&st=text |journal=Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789 |lccn=90898002 |publisher=United States Library of Congress}}
  • {{cite web |url=https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Franklin/01-29-02-0057 |title=To All Captains and Commanders of American Armed Ships |author=Benjamin Franklin |date=March 10, 1779 |website=Founders Online |publisher=U.S. National Archives and Records Administration}}
  • {{cite web |url=https://doyle.com/auctions/14ba01-new-york-city-bar-association/catalogue/96-american-revolution-arnold-benedict |title=Signed Passport by Benedict Arnold |date=April 19, 1779 |location=Manhattan, New York |publisher=Doyle New York}}
  • {{cite journal |author=Confederation Congress |date=May 2, 1780 |title=Instructions to the Captains and Commanders of Private Armed Vessels |url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/bdsdcc.06401/?sp=1&st=text |journal=Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789 |lccn=90898062 |publisher=United States Library of Congress}}
  • {{cite journal |author=Confederation Congress |date=March 27, 1781 |title=An Ordinance - Capture and Condemnation of Prizes |url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/bdsdcc.06801/?sp=1&st=text |journal=Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789 |lccn=90898065 |publisher=United States Library of Congress}}
  • {{cite journal |author=Confederation Congress |date=April 7, 1781 |title=Instructions be Observed by the Captains or Commanders of Private Armed Vessels |url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/bdsdcc.06901/?sp=1&st=text |journal=Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789 |lccn=90898104 |publisher=United States Library of Congress}}
  • {{cite journal |author=Confederation Congress |date= December 4, 1781 |title=An Ordinance - Captures On Water Shall Be Lawful |url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/bdsdcc.07001/?sp=1&st=text |journal=Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789 |lccn=90898114 |publisher=United States Library of Congress}}
  • {{cite journal |author=Confederation Congress |date=February 12, 1788 |title=Minister Plenipotentiary Sea Letters for Courts of London and the Hague |url=http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=lljc&fileName=034/lljc034.db&recNum=48 |journal=Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789 |volume=34 |issue=Tuesday, February 12, 1788 |pages=39-41}}
  • {{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/merchantsandshi00blungoog |title=The Merchants and Shipmaster’s Assistant |last=Blunt |first=Joseph |year=1832 |website=Internet Archive |publisher=E. & G. W. Blunt |oclc=1026917020}}
  • {{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/americanpasspor01statgoog/page/n11 |title=The American Passport: Its History and a Digest of Laws, Rulings and Regulations Governing Its Issuance by the Department of State |author=United States Department of State |year=1898 |website=Internet Archive |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-77/pdf/STATUTE-77-Pg5-2.pdf |title=Honorary Citizen of the United States of America - Sir Winston Churchill ~ P.L. 88-6 |date=April 9, 1963 |series=77 Stat. 5 ~ House Bill 4374 |publisher=Legis★Works}}
  • {{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/passportapplications |title=Passport Applications, 1795-1905 |author=United States Passport Office |year=1985 |website=Internet Archive |publisher=U.S. National Archives and Records Administration}}
  • {{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/pdfy-S0NQwPjPkMlzZ2eS |title=The Invention of the Passport: Surveillance, Citizenship, and the State |last=Torpey |first=John C. |year=2000 |website=Internet Archive |publisher=Cambridge University Press |oclc=41387626}}
  • {{cite web |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/how-passport-became-improbable-symbol-american-identity-180962064 |title=How the Passport Became an Improbable Symbol of American Identity |last=Robertson |first=Craig |date=February 7, 2017 |publisher=Smithsonian.com}}
  • {{cite web |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/features/a-history-of-the-passport/ |title=The Contentious History of the Passport |last=Pines |first=Giulia |date=May 16, 2017 |series=Travel |publisher=National Geographic Society}}
  • {{cite web |url=https://www.law.lsu.edu/maritimeart/letters/ |title=Maritime Artifacts and Framed Ships’ Passports/Sea Letters |website=Richard J. Dodson Maritime Art Collection Exhibit |publisher=Louisiana State University ~ Paul M. Hebert Law Center}}
{{Authority control}}{{Template group
|title = Articles related to the colonial history of the United States
|list ={{Thirteen Colonies}}{{American Revolutionary War|Origins}}
}}

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