| 词条 | Beslan |
| 释义 |
| en_name = Beslan | ru_name = Беслан | loc_name1 = Беслӕн | loc_lang1 = Ossetic | loc_name2 = | loc_lang2 = | loc_name3 = | loc_lang3 = | loc_name4 = | loc_lang4 = | other_name = | other_lang = | image_skyline = Железнодорожный вокзал станции Беслан.jpg | image_caption = Railway station in Beslan | image_map = | map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|43|11|N|44|33|E|display=inline,title}} | image_flag = | flag_caption = | image_coa = Beslan_coat.jpg | coa_caption = | anthem = | anthem_ref = | holiday = | holiday_ref = | federal_subject = Republic of North Ossetia-Alania | federal_subject_ref = [1] | adm_district_jur = Pravoberezhny District | adm_district_jur_ref = [1] | adm_inhabloc_jur = | adm_inhabloc_jur_ref = | adm_citydistrict_jur = | adm_citydistrict_type = | adm_citydistrict_jur_ref = | adm_selsoviet_jur = Beslan | adm_selsoviet_type = Town Under District Jurisdiction | adm_selsoviet_jur_ref = [1] | capital_of = | capital_of_ref = | adm_ctr_of1 = Pravoberezhny District | adm_ctr_of1_ref = [1] | adm_ctr_of2 = Beslan Town Under District Jurisdiction | adm_ctr_of2_ref = [1] | adm_ctr_of3 = | adm_ctr_of3_ref = | inhabloc_cat = Town | inhabloc_cat_ref = [1] | inhabloc_type = | inhabloc_type_ref = | mun_district_jur = Pravoberezhny Municipal District | mun_district_jur_ref = [7] | urban_okrug_jur = | urban_okrug_jur_ref = | urban_settlement_jur = Beslanskoye Urban Settlement | urban_settlement_jur_ref = [7] | rural_settlement_jur = | rural_settlement_jur_ref = | inter_settlement_territory = | inter_settlement_territory_ref = | mun_admctr_of1 = Pravoberezhny Municipal District | mun_admctr_of1_ref = [7] | mun_admctr_of2 = Beslanskoye Urban Settlement | mun_admctr_of2_ref = [7] | leader_title = | leader_title_ref = | leader_name = | leader_name_ref = | representative_body = | representative_body_ref = | elevation_m = | area_km2 = | area_km2_ref = | pop_2010census = 36728 | pop_2010census_rank = | pop_2010census_ref = [11] | pop_density = | pop_latest = | pop_latest_date = | pop_latest_ref = | population_demonym = | time_zone_ref = | established_date = 1847 | established_title = | established_date_ref = | current_cat_date = | current_cat_date_ref = | abolished_date = | abolished_date_ref = | postal_codes = 363020, 363021, 363023–363027, 363029 | postal_codes_ref = | dialing_codes = 86737 | dialing_codes_ref = | website = http://www.beslan.ru }}{{Infobox |title=Beslan population |bodystyle=width:23.5em |label1=2010 Census |data1=36,728[11] |label2=2002 Census |data2=35,550[1] |label3=1989 Census |data3=32,469[2] |label4=1979 Census |data4=29,879[3] }}Beslan ({{lang-ru|Бесла́н}}; {{lang-os|Беслӕн}}, Beslæn, {{audio|Beslan.ogg|listen}}) is a town and the administrative center of Pravoberezhny District of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Russia, located about {{convert|29|km|sp=us}} north of the republic's capital Vladikavkaz, close to the border with the Republic of Ingushetia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 36,728, making it the third largest town in the republic behind Vladikavkaz and Mozdok.[4] It was previously known as Tulatovo/Tulatovskoye (until 1941),Iriston (until 1950). HistoryBeslan was founded in 1847 by migrants from elsewhere in Ossetia and was unofficially called Beslanykau ("the settlement of Beslan") after a local lord, Beslan Tulatov.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} In official use, however, the town was known after Tulatov's surname as Tulatovo or Tulatovskoye.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} It was renamed Iriston (lit. Ossetia) in 1941. From 1942-3 the Germans tried to take Beslan, on the Adgyhea-Beslan-Mozdok line.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} In 1950, when the town was rapidly industrialising, it was renamed Beslan.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} Beslan school hostage crisis{{Main|Beslan school siege}}On September 1, 2004, Beslan's School No. 1 was seized by a group of at least thirty-two Islamic terrorists related to the Second Chechen War. The siege ended on September 3 with a bloody shootout between the terrorists and the Russian security forces. According to official data, 333 people were killed, 186 of them children, and hundreds more wounded. All but one of the hostage-takers were killed. The survivor was arrested. He was tried and convicted and sentenced to imprisonment. Administrative and municipal statusWithin the framework of administrative divisions, Beslan serves as the administrative center of Pravoberezhny District.[5] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Pravoberezhny District as Beslan Town Under District Jurisdiction.[5] As a municipal division, Beslan Town Under District Jurisdiction is incorporated within Pravoberezhny Municipal District as Beslanskoye Urban Settlement.[6] EconomyBeslan is an important railway junction, situated on the main line between Rostov-on-Don and Baku, and is the starting point of a branch line to Vladikavkaz. It is an industrial-agricultural town dominated by a large corn processing plant established in the 1940s. TransportationThe town is served by the Beslan Airport. GeographyBeslan lies about {{convert|29|km|sp=us}} north of Vladikavkaz, the capital of the republic,[7] and about {{convert|1000|mi|km|order=flip|sp=us}} south of Moscow.[8] Ethnic groupsAs of 2002, the ethnic composition of the town was as follows:{{citation needed|date=October 2012}}
EducationOne of the schools in Beslan is the Ivan and Konstantin Kanidis School. It was dedicated in 2010 and named after teacher Ivan (Yanis) Kanidis and his son; the teacher died during the Beslan school siege in 2004 at School No. 1. The governments of Greece and Norway paid 2.5 million euros through the United Nations Program of Development to have the school built. The school's athletic programs specialize in soccer.[9] Another school is located on Kominterna Street. It replaced School No. 1, which closed after the hostage crisis. Officials chose not to give the replacement school, located across the street from School No. 1, a number.[10] Immediately after School No. 1 closed, classes for children who would have attended it were held at School No. 6.[11] Notable people
ReferencesNotes1. ^{{ru-pop-ref|2002Census}} 2. ^{{ru-pop-ref|1989Census}} 3. ^{{ru-pop-ref|1979Census}} 4. ^1 2 {{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Law #34-RZ 6. ^1 2 3 4 Law #17-RZ 7. ^"Russia School massacre." The Guardian. Retrieved on October 31, 2011. Click the slides until the part about Beslan's location 8. ^Perry, Tony. "TELEVISION REVIEW The voices of innocence lost." Los Angeles Times. September 1, 2005. Retrieved on December 24, 2017. 9. ^"«Ivan Kanidis» School inauguration." SAE World Council of Hellenes Abroad. September 7, 2010. Retrieved on November 7, 2011. 10. ^Ewart, Ewa. "The children of Beslan five years on." BBC. Saturday August 29, 2009. Retrieved on October 1, 2011. 11. ^Varoli, John. "Russian Federation: Beslan -- six months on." UNICEF. Retrieved on October 5, 2011. Sources
3 : Cities and towns in North Ossetia–Alania|1847 establishments in the Russian Empire|Populated places established in 1847 |
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