词条 | Rodent farming |
释义 |
Rodent farming is an agricultural process in which rodents are bred and raised with the intent of selling them for their meat. They are often categorised in a sub-category of livestock known as micro-livestock, due to their small size. Rodents have been used as food in a wide range of cultures, including Hawaiian, Vietnamese, French, Indian and Thai. Rodent farming has been suggested as a solution to the world's increased requirements for food associated with an increasing population as a result of a number of perceived benefits with their production and consumption. As foodRodents have been hunted and farmed in a number of cultures. The polynesian rat was hunted and consumed by the common people in pre-contact Hawaii.[1] Capybaras, agoutis, and guinea pigs have historically been eaten in South America -- guinea pigs were farmed as far back in 2500 BCE in what is now Peru.[2] Cane rats can grow up to 60 cm in length and weigh up to 10 kg and are hunted as bush meat in western and central Africa.[2] Rats were commonly eaten during the Tang Dynasty in China; they may have been domesticated as they were called “household deer”.[2] The Mishmi people in the Lohit district in India traditionally hunted rats.[3] Dishes with rats captured in wine cellars are described in Larousse Gastronomique and rats are eaten in rural Thailand.[4] FarmingIn the contemporary era, rodent farming has been suggested as a sustainable agriculture method to address current global malnutrition and to meet the needs of the world's growing population.[2][5] Rodent farming can be economically efficient, since they can produce a large number of offspring per year, have a limited gestation period, and have a high feed conversion ratio.[2] They require little space, so could be farmed in urban areas.[2] Efforts have been made to develop rat farming among the dalit in the Indian state of Bihar; one obstacle to this is that the animal vehicle of the god Ganesh is a rat.[6] In Cameroon, cane rats is encouraged in economic development efforts.[2][7] In Australia, a rat farm that provides food for zoos and pet stores was the subject of a 2018 profile.[8] ManagementRodents can be kept in sheds or cages, and fed grain, pellets, or scraps.[2][8] In nations with strict animal cruelty regulations, such as Australia, the animals must be killed humanely, for example by gassing with carbon dioxide.[8] In nations without these regulations, it is more common for the animals to be killed by drowning or bludgeoning.[9] References1. ^{{Cite journal|last=Kirch|first=Patrick|last2=O'Day|first2=Sharyn Jones|date=2003-01-01|title=New archaeological insights into food and status: a case study from pre-contact Hawaii|journal=World Archaeology|volume=34|issue=3|pages=484–497|doi=10.1080/0043824021000026468|issn=0043-8243}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{Cite journal|last=Gruber|first=Karl|date=2016-05-01|title=Rodent meat – a sustainable way to feed the world?|journal=EMBO Reports|volume=17|issue=5|pages=630–633|doi=10.15252/embr.201642306|pmc=5341521|pmid=27113761}} 3. ^{{Cite journal|last=Mills|first=J. P.|date=1952|title=The Mishmis of the Lohit Valley, Assam|journal=The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland|volume=82|issue=1|pages=1–12|doi=10.2307/2844036|jstor=2844036}} 4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=SiBntk9jGmoC&pg=PA204#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Unmentionable Cuisine|last=Schwabe|first=Calvin W.|date=1979|publisher=University of Virginia Press|isbn=9780813911625|language=en}} 5. ^{{Cite book|date=1991|title=Microlivestock: Little-Known Small Animals with a Promising Economic Future|chapter=Part IV: Rodents |chapter-url=https://www.nap.edu/read/1831/chapter/20|language=en|isbn=978-0-309-04295-6|publisher=The National Academies Press.}} {{open access}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://vijoyprakash.in/uncategorized/rat-farming-an-opportunity-for-food-security/|title=Rat Farming- An opportunity for food security {{!}} Vijoy Prakash|website=vijoyprakash.in|language=en-US|access-date=2018-09-06}} 7. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20151207-the-countries-where-rats-are-on-the-menu|title=The countries where rats are on the menu|last=Gruber|first=Karl|language=en|date=7 December 2015|publisher=BBC}} 8. ^1 2 {{Cite news|url=https://www.sunshinecoastdaily.com.au/news/rat-farmer-breeds-food-for-australia-zoo/3072628/|title=Is this the weirdest kind of farm on the Sunshine Coast?|last=Moffat|first=Nicky|work=Sunshine Coast Daily|access-date=2018-09-06|language=en}} 9. ^{{Cite news |url=https://www.thenational.ae/world/asia/india-s-outcasts-turn-to-rat-farming-1.525590|title=India's 'outcasts' turn to rat farming |work=The National |access-date=6 October 2018}} 4 : Rats|Livestock|Meat industry|Rodents and humans |
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