| 词条 | Rosalind J. Allen |
| 释义 |
| name = Rosalind Allen | birth_name = Rosalind Jane Allen | workplaces = University of Edinburgh AMOLF | alma_mater = University of Cambridge (BA, MSci, PhD) University of Pennsylvania (MS) | thesis_title = Electrostatic interactions in confined geometries | thesis_url = http://idiscover.lib.cam.ac.uk/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=44CAM_ALMA21433454690003606&context=L&vid=44CAM_PROD&search_scope=SCOP_CAM_ALL&tab=cam_lib_coll&lang=en_US | thesis_year = 2003 | fields = Biophysics | awards = Royal Society University Research Fellowship (2009) Meldola Medal and Prize (2005) | doctoral_advisor = Jean-Pierre Hansen | website = {{URL|https://www2.ph.ed.ac.uk/~rallen2/}} }} Rosalind Jane Allen is a soft matter physicist and Professor of Biological Physics at the University of Edinburgh.[1] She is a member of the centre for synthetic biology and systems biology where her research investigates the organisation of microbe populations. EducationAllen studied the Natural Sciences Tripos at the University of Cambridge, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) and Master of Science (MSci) degrees in 1999.[2][2] She was an undergraduate student at Emmanuel College, Cambridge. She moved to America for further postgraduate study, earning another masters degree (MS) in chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania.[2] She returned to Cambridge for her doctoral studies, earning a PhD in 2003[3] for research supervised by Jean-Pierre Hansen[2] on theoretical chemistry and computational simulations of water permeation of nanopores.[2][4][5] Career and researchAllen joined AMOLF as a Marie Curie Fellow, working on models of switching events between metastable states, which are rare.[6][7] She was part of the group who developed Forward Flux Sampling,[8] which simulates rare equilibrium and non-equilibrium systems and allows the calculation of rate constants.[6][9] She joined the University of Edinburgh as a Royal Society of Edinburgh (RSE) Research Fellow in 2006.[2] Allen is interested in organisms such as bacteria grow in complicated environments.[10] She was awarded a Royal Society University Research Fellowship in 2009, studying the non-equilibrium interactions of microbes with their environments.[11] She joined the Royal Society of Edinburgh (RSE) Young Academy of Scotland in 2012 and was promoted to Reader in 2013.[12] She has studied how microbes are involved with the sulphur cycle, which releases significant amounts of carbon as microbes consume hydrogen from organic matter.[11] She analyses microbial ecology and nutrient cycles using Winogradsky columns, developing models that predict long-term microbial dynamics and chemical composition.[13] She studies how microbial populations develop on different surfaces, identifying what factors influence the structure.[11] Bacterial colonies self-assemble on soft gel surfaces, and Allen has modelled how they compete for space.[14] Allen uses algorithms to study the metabolic pathways of sugars.[15] She delivered the 2017 SCI: where science meets business Sir Eric Rideal Lecture.[16] Her work has been supported by the United States Army Research Laboratory.[17] Allen delivered her inaugural lecture in 2018, discussing how physicists can contribute to antimicrobial resistance.[18][10] Her research into antimicrobial resistance considers how antibiotic drugs interact with the physiology of a cell.[19] She has also looked at how microbes evolve in drug gradients; finding that drug resistance is accelerated by the presence of a gradient.[20] This occurs because bacteria enter the gradient in waves, with each more resistant than the one that proceeded it.[20] Resistant mutant bacteria at the edges of the population wave exist at low density and do not compete with nearby cells.[20] Allen published a statistical physics guide to bacterial growth in 2018.[21] Awards and honoursIn 2005 Allen was awarded the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) Meldola Medal and Prize.[22] She was awarded a Royal Society University Research Fellowship (URF) in 2009.[34][11] Personal lifeAllen is married with one daughter.[23][11] References1. ^{{EuropePMC|ORCID=0000-0003-4110-2962}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Allen, Rosalind J.}}2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.supa.ac.uk/newsletter/story/careers_event_201612.php|title=2016 Careers Event|last=|first=|date=|website=SUPA|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-01-20}} 3. ^{{cite thesis|degree=PhD|publisher=University of Cambridge|url=https://copac.jisc.ac.uk/id/34895525?style=html|title=Electrostatic interactions in confined geometries|first= Rosalind|last=Allen|date=2003|id={{EThOS|uk.bl.ethos.595460}}|website=copac.jisc.ac.uk|oclc=879389634}} 4. ^{{Cite journal|last=Piasecki|first=Jaroslaw|last2=Allen|first2=Rosalind J.|last3=Hansen|first3=Jean-Pierre|date=2004|title=Kinetic models of ion transport through a nanopore|journal=Physical Review E|volume=70|issue=2|pages=021105|doi=10.1103/PhysRevE.70.021105|pmid= 15447477|bibcode=2004PhRvE..70b1105P|arxiv=cond-mat/0403219}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last1=Allen|first1=Rosalind J.|last2=Frenkel|first2=Daan|last3=ten Wolde|first3=Pieter Rein|title=Simulating rare events in equilibrium or nonequilibrium stochastic systems|journal=The Journal of Chemical Physics|volume=124|issue=2|year=2006|pages=024102|issn=0021-9606|doi=10.1063/1.2140273|pmid= 16422566|bibcode=2006JChPh.124b4102A|arxiv=cond-mat/0509499}} {{closed access}} 6. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://amolf.nl/research-groups/biochemical-networks/research-activities/forward-flux-sampling|title=Forward Flux Sampling|website=amolf.nl|access-date=2019-01-20}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=https://amolf.nl/research-groups/biochemical-networks/research-activities/rare-events-biochemical-networks|title=Rare events in biochemical networks|website=amolf.nl|access-date=2019-01-20}} 8. ^{{cite journal|last1=Allen|first1=Rosalind J.|last2=Warren|first2=Patrick B.|last3=ten Wolde|first3=Pieter Rein|title=Sampling Rare Switching Events in Biochemical Networks|journal=Physical Review Letters|volume=94|issue=1|pages=018104|year=2005|issn=0031-9007|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.018104|pmid= 15698138|bibcode=2005PhRvL..94a8104A|arxiv=q-bio/0406006}} {{closed access}} 9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://numerik.mi.fu-berlin.de/Oberseminar/Archive/WS-2005/allen.php|title=Numerical Mathematics/Scientific Computing|website=numerik.mi.fu-berlin.de|access-date=2019-01-20}} 10. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://media.ed.ac.uk/media/Prof.+Rosalind+Allen+-+Antimicrobial+resistanceA+how+can+a+physicist+helpF/1_w47vbva9|title=Prof. Rosalind Allen - Antimicrobial resistance: how can a physicist help?|website=Media Hopper Create - The University of Edinburgh Media Platform|access-date=2019-01-20}} 11. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/people/rosalind-allen-6320/|title=Dr Rosalind Allen: Research Fellow|author=Anon|year=2009|location=London| publisher=Royal Society|website=royalsociety.org|access-date=2019-01-20}} 12. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite web|url=https://www.youngacademyofscotland.org.uk/rosalind-allen.html|title=Rosalind Allen|website=youngacademyofscotland.org.uk|access-date=2019-01-20}} 13. ^{{Cite journal|last=Free|first=Andrew|last2=Allen|first2=Rosalind J.|last3=Michael E. Cates|last4=Spears|first4=Bryan M.|last5=Strathdee|first5=Fiona|last6=Pagaling|first6=Eulyn|date=2014|title=Community history affects the predictability of microbial ecosystem development|journal=The ISME Journal|volume=8|issue=1|pages=19–30|doi=10.1038/ismej.2013.150|issn=1751-7370|pmid=23985743| pmc=3869022 }} 14. ^{{cite journal|last1=Lloyd|first1=Diarmuid P.|last2=Allen|first2=Rosalind J.|title=Competition for space during bacterial colonization of a surface|journal=Journal of the Royal Society Interface|volume=12|issue=110|year=2015|pages=399–404|issn=1742-5689|doi=10.1098/rsif.2015.0608|pmid=333814|pmc=4614474 }} 15. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www2.ph.ed.ac.uk/~rallen2/?Research___Metabolism|title=Rosalind Allen's webpage - Metabolism|website=ph.ed.ac.uk|access-date=2019-01-20}} 16. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.soci.org/news/colloids/rideal-lecture-2017-preview|title=Rideal Lecture 2017: preview|website=soci.org|access-date=2019-01-20}} 17. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.edinburghcomplexfluids.com/research/academic-grants/us-army-research-office-grant|title=US Army research office grant |publisher= The Edinburgh Complex Fluids Partnership|website=edinburghcomplexfluids.com|access-date=2019-01-20}} 18. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.ph.ed.ac.uk/events/2018/77131-inaugural-lecture-antimicrobial-resistance-how-can-a-physicist-help|title=Inaugural Lecture: Antimicrobial resistance: how can a physicist help? {{!}} School of Physics and Astronomy|website=ph.ed.ac.uk|access-date=2019-01-20}} 19. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www2.ph.ed.ac.uk/~rallen2/?Research___Bacterial_response_to_antibiotics|title=Rosalind Allen's webpage - Bacterial response to antibiotics|website=ph.ed.ac.uk|access-date=2019-01-20}} 20. ^1 2 {{Cite journal|last=Greulich|first=Philip|last2=Waclaw|first2=Bartłomiej|last3=Allen|first3=Rosalind J.|date=2012|title=Mutational Pathway Determines Whether Drug Gradients Accelerate Evolution of Drug-Resistant Cells|pmid= 23002776 |journal=Physical Review Letters|volume=109|issue=8|pages=088101|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.088101|bibcode=2012PhRvL.109h8101G|arxiv=1202.5431}} 21. ^{{Cite journal|last=Allen|first=Rosalind J|last2=Waclaw|first2=Bartlomiej|date=2018|title=Bacterial growth: a statistical physicist's guide|journal=Reports on Progress in Physics|volume=82|issue=1|pages=016601|arxiv=1812.04435|doi=10.1088/1361-6633/aae546|issn=0034-4885|pmc=6330087|pmid=30270850}} 22. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.rsc.org/ScienceAndTechnology/Awards/HarrisonMeldolaMemorialPrizes/PreviousWinners.asp|title=RSC Harrison-Meldola Prize Previous Winners|website=rsc.org|access-date=2019-01-20}} 23. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/topics-policy/diversity-in-science/parent-carer-scientist/rosalind-allen/|title=Dr Rosalind Allen: Parent-carer scientist |publisher=Royal Society|location=London|author=Anon|year=2016|website=royalsociety.org|access-date=2019-01-20}} 7 : Women biophysicists|British women scientists|Academics of the University of Edinburgh|Alumni of the University of Cambridge|Year of birth missing (living people)|University of Pennsylvania alumni|Living people |
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