“The long march through the institutions”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

The long march through the institutions

释义

Influences
Relevant works
References
See also

The long march through the institutions ({{lang-de|der lange Marsch durch die Institutionen}}) is a slogan coined by student activist Rudi Dutschke to describe his strategy for establishing the conditions for revolution: subverting society by infiltrating institutions such as the professions. The phrase "long march" is a reference to the prolonged struggle of the Chinese communists, which included a physical Long March of their army across China.{{sfn|Kimball|2001|p=15}}

Influences

The main influence on Dutschke's thinking is commonly thought to be the work of Italian communist Antonio Gramsci who, while imprisoned by Mussolini, wrote about cultural hegemony and the need for a "war of position" to establish the conditions for a revolutionary "war of manoeuvre".{{sfn|Davidson|2006|p=261}} Degroot also identifies Ernst Bloch as a major influence.{{sfn|Degroot|2014|p=110}} Bloch met Dutschke at Bad Boll in 1968 and admired his integrity and determination – qualities which he had written about in Das Prinzip Hoffnung (The Principle of Hope) as being essential for the achievement of utopia.{{sfn|Degroot|2014|p=110}}

Herbert Marcuse corresponded with Dutschke in 1971 to agree with this strategy, "Let me tell you this: that I regard your notion of the 'long march through the institutions' as the only effective way..."{{sfn|Marcuse|2014|p=336}} In his 1972 book, Counterrevolution and Revolt, Marcuse wrote{{quote|To extend the base of the student movement, Rudi Dutschke has proposed the strategy of the long march through the institutions: working against the established institutions while working within them, but not simply by 'boring from within', rather by 'doing the job', learning (how to program and read computers, how to teach at all levels of education, how to use the mass media, how to organize production, how to recognize and eschew planned obsolescence, how to design, et cetera), and at the same time preserving one's own consciousness in working with others.}}

Relevant works

{{citation |title=Generational Change in Elite Political Beliefs: The Growth of Ideological Polarization |first=Russell |last=Dalton |journal=The Journal of Politics |volume= Vol. 49 |issue=4 |year=1987 |pages=976–997 |doi=10.2307/2130780}}
{{citation |title=Strategy, Hegemony and the 'Long March': Gramsci's Lessons for the Antiwar Movement |first=Carl |last=Davidson |authorlink=Carl Davidson |year=2006 |isbn=9781430329589}}
{{citation |title=Student Protest: The Sixties and After |first=Gerard |last=Degroot |publisher=Routledge |year=2014 |isbn=9781317880493 |chapter=Rudi Dutschke's Long March}}
{{citation |last1=Flechtheim |last2=Rudzio |last3=Vilmar |last4=Wilke |authorlink=:de:Ossip K. Flechtheim |title=Der Marsch der DKP durch die Institutionen: Sowjetmarxistische Einflußstrategien und Ideologien |year=1980 |publisher=Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag |location=Frankfurt am Main |isbn=3-596-24223-1}}
{{citation |last=Horchem |first=Hans Josef |authorlink=:de:Hans Josef Horchem |title=Extremisten in einer selbstbewussten Demokratie |year=1975 |publisher=Herder |location=Freiburg im Breisgau |isbn=3-451-07515-6}}
{{citation |last=Horchem |first=Hans Josef |authorlink=:de:Hans Josef Horchem |title=The Long March Through the Institutions |work=Conflict Studies |volume=Vol. 33 |publisher=Institute for the Study of Conflict |year=1973}}
{{citation |title=Marxism, Revolution and Utopia: Collected Papers of Herbert Marcuse |volume= Vol. 6 |first=Herbert |last=Marcuse |authorlink=Herbert Marcuse |publisher=Routledge |year=2014 |isbn=9781317805564}}
{{citation |last=Kimball |first=Roger |title=The Long March: How the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s Changed America

|authorlink=Roger Kimball |publisher=Encounter Books |year=2001 |isbn=978-1893554306}}

{{citation |last=Niedenhoff |first=Horst-Udo |title=Auf dem Marsch durch die Institutionen |year=1979 |publisher=Deutscher Instituts-Verlag |location=Köln |isbn=3-88054-325-9}}
{{citation |work=Crisis, Politics and Critical Sociology |publisher=BRILL |year=2010 |isbn=9789004179486 |first=Robert |last=Ross |title=Reflections on the Sociology Liberation Movement of 1968}}
{{citation |last=Rudorf |first=Reginald |authorlink=:de:Reginald Rudorf |title=Die vierte Gewalt |year=1994 |publisher=Ullstein |location=Frankfurt am Main |isbn=3-548-36635-X}}
{{citation |first=Helmut |last=Schelsky |authorlink=Helmut Schelsky |title=Die Strategie der „Systemüberwindung“. Der lange Marsch durch die Institutionen. |newspaper=Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung |date=10 December 1971}}
{{citation |title=The Rise and Fall of an International Counterculture 1960–1975 |first= Jeremi |last=Suri |journal=The American Historical Review

|volume=114 |number=1 |pages=45–68 |doi=10.1086/ahr.114.1.45 |date=1 February 2009 |url=https://academic.oup.com/ahr/article/114/1/45/43869/AHR-Forum-The-Rise-and-Fall-of-an-International}}

{{citation |last=Waldman |first=Eric |title=Deutschlands Weg in den Sozialismus |year=1976 |publisher=V. Hase + Koehler |location=Mainz |isbn=3-7758-0922-8}}

Influences

Relevant works

References

See also