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词条 Timeline of Brazzaville
释义

  1. 19th century

  2. 20th century

  3. 21st century

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. Bibliography

  7. External links

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo.

{{Dynamic list}}{{TOC right}}

19th century

{{History of the Republic of the Congo}}
  • 1880 - Teke trading site at Pool Malebo "ceded...to French explorer Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza;" named Ncouna.{{sfn|Gondola|2005}}
  • 1884 - Ncouna renamed Brazzaville.{{sfn|Gondola|2005}}
  • 1886 - Catholic Apostolic Vicariate of French Congo founded.[1]
  • 1892 - Sacred Heart Cathedral built.
  • 1893 - Palais Épiscopal built.(fr)

20th century

  • 1901 - {{illm|Palais du Peuple (Brazzaville)|fr}} built.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}}
  • 1910 - Brazzaville becomes part of colonial French Equatorial Africa.[2]
  • 1911 - White residential Poto-Poto neighborhood established.[3]
  • 1912 - Town hall built.(fr)
  • 1927 - Stade Marchand (stadium) opens.
  • 1929 - Urban plan created.(fr)
  • 1930 - Activist André Matsoua imprisoned; unrest ensues.[2]
  • 1931 - Poste Centrale (post office) built.(fr){{citation needed|date=September 2017}}
  • 1932 - Gare ferroviaire (train station) built.[5]
  • 1934 - Congo–Ocean Railway (Pointe-Noire-Brazzaville) begins operating.
  • 1940
    • Brazzaville becomes capital of government-in-exile of France (Free France) during World War II.[3]
    • October: De Gaulle visits city.[2]
  • 1943
    • Bacongo arrondissement created.[3]
    • {{illm|Basilique Sainte-Anne-du-Congo de Brazzaville|fr}} (church) construction begins.[5]
  • 1944
    • Brazzaville Zoo opens.
    • January: Meeting of government-in-exile of France held in Brazzaville.[2]
  • 1945 - Population: 50,000 (approximate).{{sfn|Ziavoula|2006}}
  • 1948 - Victor Schoelcher monument erected.[4]
  • 1951 - {{illm|École des peintres de Poto-Poto|fr}} founded.[5]
  • 1953 - Vog cinema built.(fr){{citation needed|date=September 2017}}
  • 1955 - Palais de Justice (courthouse) built.(fr){{citation needed|date=September 2017}}
  • 1956 - 18 November: Moyen-Congo municipal elections, 1956 held; Fulbert Youlou becomes mayor.[6]
  • 1958 - Population: 100,000 (approximate).{{sfn|Ziavoula|2006}}
  • 1959 - Makélékélé and Ouenzé arrondissements created.[7]
  • 1960 - City becomes capital of independent Republic of the Congo.[8]
  • 1961 - Population: 136,200.[9]
  • 1962 - {{illm|Télé Congo|fr}} (television) begins broadcasting from Brazzaville.
  • 1963 - City hall built.(fr){{citation needed|date=September 2017}}
  • 1965
    • Stade de la Révolution (stadium) opens.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}}
    • July: 1965 All-Africa Games held in Brazzaville.
  • 1970
    • Talangaï neighborhood created.[7]
    • Population: 200,000 (approximate).{{sfn|Ziavoula|2006}}
  • 1971 - University of Brazzaville and Lycée Français Saint-Exupéry de Brazzaville (school) founded.
  • 1975 - Sister/twin city agreement signed with Dresden, Germany.[10]
  • 1976 - Development Bank of the Central African States branch in business.[11]
  • 1977 - 18 March: Assassination of president Ngouabi.[2]
  • 1980
    • 5 May: Catholic pope visits city.
    • Commune of Brazzaville detaches from the Pool Department.
    • Population: 422,000 (approximate).{{sfn|Ziavoula|2006}}
  • 1984 - Population: 596,200.[12]
  • 1986 - Nabemba Tower built.[13]
  • 1987
    • April: {{illm|1987 Central African Games|fr|Jeux d'Afrique centrale de 1987}} held in city.
    • Meeting of the Association Internationale des Maires Francophones held in city.
  • 1989 - AS Police (football club) formed.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}}
  • 1990
    • Mfilou arrondissement officially established.[7]
    • Population: 760,300 (estimate).{{sfn|Ziavoula|2006}}
  • 1994 - {{illm|Institut français du Congo|fr|lt=Centre culturel français}} built.[24]
  • 1996 - Population: 976,806 (estimate).{{sfn|Ziavoula|2006}}
  • 1997 - City taken by pro-Sassou Nguesso forces during the Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–99).[14]

21st century

  • 2001 - December: Trial of former president Lissouba held in city.[14]
  • 2002
    • June: "Government troops battle Ninja rebels in Brazzaville."[14]
    • Population: 1,242,857 (estimate).{{sfn|Ziavoula|2006}}
  • 2003 - Hugues Ngouelondélé becomes mayor.[6]
  • 2004 - July: 2004 African Championships in Athletics held in city.
  • 2005 - {{illm|Feux de Brazza|fr}} (music festival) begins.
  • 2006 - Mausolée de Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza (memorial) erected.(fr)
  • 2009 - 26 August: Airplane crash occurs.
  • 2010 - Maya-Maya Airport new terminal opens.
  • 2011
    • {{illm|Djiri|fr}} and Madibou arrondissements created.[7]
    • {{illm|Institut français du Congo|fr}} active.[15]
  • 2012
    • 4 March: Brazzaville arms dump blasts.[14]
    • 30 November: Airplane crash occurs.
  • 2015
    • Kintélé Sports Complex, Palais des Sports, and Stade Municipal de Kintélé (stadium) open.[13]
    • 4–19 September: 2015 African Games held in Brazzaville.
    • 27 September: Political protest.[16]
    • October: Political protest; crackdown.[17]
    • Port Authority Headquarters building constructed.[13]
  • 2016 - April: Post-election unrest.[14][18]
  • 2017
    • August: Christian Roger Okemba becomes mayor.
    • Long-planned project to build a Brazzaville-Kinshasa Bridge reactivated.

See also

  • Brazzaville history
  • List of mayors of Brazzaville
  • Timeline and history of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (city across Congo River from Brazzaville)

References

1. ^{{cite web |title=Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Republic of the Congo |url= http://www.katolsk.no/organisasjon/verden/chronology/congo_brazz |publisher=Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo |location=Norway |accessdate= 12 September 2017 }}
2. ^1 2 {{cite book |editor=Kevin Shillington |title=Encyclopedia of African History |year=2005 |publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn |isbn=978-1-135-45670-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=umyHqvAErOAC |chapter= Colonial Federations: French Equatorial Africa |pages=260–261 |author= David R. Devereux }}
3. ^{{cite book|author= Muriel E. Chamberlain |title=Longman Companion to European Decolonisation in the Twentieth Century |orig-year=1998 |year= 2013 |publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-89744-6 |chapter=Chronology of Decolonisation: the French Empire: French Equatorial Africa |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=MQPKAwAAQBAJ |page=163+ }}
4. ^1 2 {{cite web |url= http://www.brazzaville.cg/fr/patrimoines-et-monuments |accessdate= 12 September 2017 |title=Patrimoines et monuments |work=Brazzaville.cg |language=fr |publisher=Commune de Brazzaville, Congo }}
5. ^{{cite journal |author=Nora Greani |title= Soixante ans de création à l’École de peinture de Poto Poto (Congo-Brazzaville) |journal=Cahiers d'études africaines |number= 205 |url= http://etudesafricaines.revues.org/17024 |language=fr |via= Revues.org |year=2012 }} {{open access}}
6. ^1 {{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831091251/http://www.brazzaville.cg/fr/histoire-de-brazzaville |url= http://www.brazzaville.cg/fr/histoire-de-brazzaville |archivedate= 31 August 2017 |title=Tableau synoptique des maires |language=fr |publisher=Commune de Brazzaville, Congo }}
7. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web |url= http://www.brazzaville.cg/fr/les-arrondissements |accessdate= 12 September 2017 |title=Les arrondissements |work=Brazzaville.cg |language=fr |publisher=Commune de Brazzaville, Congo }}
8. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.brazzaville.cg/fr/brazzaville-en-bref |accessdate= 12 September 2017 |title=Brazzaville en bref |work=Brazzaville.cg |language=fr |publisher=Commune de Brazzaville, Congo }}
9. ^{{cite book |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1980_round.htm |title=1985 Demographic Yearbook |year=1987 |author=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=247–289 }}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.brazzaville.cg/fr/coopération |title=Coopération |language=fr |work=Brazzaville.cg |publisher=Commune de Brazzaville, Congo |accessdate= 12 September 2017}}
11. ^{{cite book|author1=John F. Clark|author2=Samuel Decalo|title=Historical Dictionary of Republic of the Congo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oyMgIlcKuFkC|year= 2012 |edition=4th |publisher= Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-7989-8}}
12. ^{{cite web |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2004.htm |work=Demographic Yearbook 2004 |year= |publisher=United Nations Statistics Division |title= Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants }}
13. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=https://www.emporis.com/city/102191/brazzaville-republic-of-the-congo/status/all-buildings |title=Republic of the Congo: Brazzaville |work=Emporis.com |publisher=Emporis GmbH |location=Hamburg |accessdate= 12 September 2017 }}
14. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14121195 |accessdate= 12 September 2017 |title= Republic of Congo profile: Timeline |work= BBC News }}
15. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.institutfrancais-congo.com/presentation-du-batiment |title=Présentation du bâtiment |language=fr |work= Institutfrancais-congo.com |location=Brazzaville |accessdate= 12 September 2017 }}
16. ^{{citation |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-congo-protests-idUSKCN0RR0XZ20150927 |publisher=Reuters |date= 27 September 2015 |title=Tens of thousands rally against changes to Congo's constitution }}
17. ^{{citation |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-congo-politics-idUSKCN0SE0WX20151020 |title=Four killed in protest over plan to extend Congo Republic president's rule |publisher=Reuters |date=20 October 2015 }}
18. ^{{citation |publisher=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-congo-violence-idUSKCN0X10LF |title=Gunbattles rock Brazzaville in wake of disputed Congo election |date= 4 April 2016}}

This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia and Spanish Wikipedia.

Bibliography

{{Refbegin}}
in English
  • Martin, Phyllis 1995, Leisure and Society in Colonial Brazzaville, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • {{cite book |title=Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History |editor1= Paul Tiyambe Zeleza |editor2= Dickson Eyoh |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0415234794 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qjolgQhpFtoC |year=2003

|chapter= Brazzaville, Congo
}}
  • {{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of African History |publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn |isbn=978-1-57958-245-6 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Ftz_gtO-pngC |editor= Kevin Shillington |year= 2005

|chapter= Brazzaville
|author= Charles Didier Gondola
|ref= {{harvid|Gondola|2005}}
}}
  • {{citation |title= Brazzaville |editor= Simon Bekker and Goran Therborn |work=Capital Cities in Africa: Power and Powerlessness |isbn=978-2- 8697-8495-6 |publisher=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |location=Dakar |url=http://www.codesria.org/spip.php?article1603 |year=2011

}} {{free access}}

in French
  • {{citation |title=Note sur la fondation de Brazzaville en 1884 |language=fr |author=Charles de Chavannes |year= 1935

}}
  • {{cite journal |author= Pierre Sirven |title= Les industries de Brazzaville |journal={{illm|Cahiers d'Outre-Mer|fr}} |volume= 25 |url=http://www.persee.fr/doc/caoum_0373-5834_1972_num_25_99_2625 |language=fr |via= Persee.fr |year= 1972

}} {{free access}}

  • {{cite journal |author= {{illm|Roland Pourtier|fr}} |title= Brazzaville dans la guerre: crise urbaine et violences politiques |trans-title=Brazzaville in the war: urban crisis and political violence |journal=Annales de géographie |volume= 109 |doi= 10.3406/geo.2000.1901 |language=fr |via= Persee.fr |year= 2000

}} {{free access}}

  • {{cite journal |author= Elisabeth Dorier-Apprill |title= Un cycle de guerres urbaines à Brazzaville |journal={{illm|Les Annales de la recherche urbaine|fr}} |number=91 |doi= 10.3406/aru.2001.2440 |language=fr |via= Persee.fr |year= 2001

}} {{free access}}

  • {{cite book|editor = Robert Edmond Ziavoula |title=Brazzaville, une ville à reconstruire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vuO77xfyt5YC|language=fr |publisher={{illm|Éditions Karthala|fr}} |location=Paris |isbn=978-2-8111-4128-8 |year=2006

|ref= {{harvid|Ziavoula|2006}}
}}{{refend}}

External links

{{Commons category|Brazzaville}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://mukanda.univ-lorraine.fr/cle-geographique/brazzaville |title= (Brazzaville) |work= Mukanda: ressources documentaires sur l'Afrique centrale |publisher=University of Lorraine |location=France |language=fr }} (Bibliography)
  • {{cite web |url= http://doaj.org/search?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22query_string%22%3A%7B%22query%22%3A%22Brazzaville%22%2C%22default_field%22%3A%22bibjson.title%22%2C%22default_operator%22%3A%22AND%22%7D%7D%2C%22sort%22%3A%5B%7B%22bibjson.year.exact%22%3A%7B%22order%22%3A%22desc%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22bibjson.month.exact%22%3A%7B%22order%22%3A%22desc%22%7D%7D%5D%2C%22from%22%3A0%2C%22size%22%3A100%7D |title=(Brazzaville) |work=Directory of Open Access Journals |location=UK }} (Bibliography of open access {{open access}} articles)
  • [https://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=Brazzaville+Congo&rows=96 Items related to Brazzaville], various dates (via Europeana)
  • Items related to Brazzaville, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)
{{Years in the Republic of the Congo}}{{Timelines of cities in Africa}}

6 : Brazzaville|Timelines of cities in Africa|History of the Republic of the Congo|Years in the Republic of the Congo|Republic of the Congo-related lists|Timelines of capitals
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