| 词条 | Tomb of Dai Anga | |||||||||
| 释义 |
| monument_name = Tomb of Dai Anga | native_name = مقبرہ دائی انگہ | image = | location= Lahore, Punjab{{flagicon|Pakistan}} Pakistan | designer = | type = Mausoleum | material = brick and marble | length = | width = | height = | begin = | complete = Gateway in 1655 C.E.; mausoleum in 1671 C.E. | open = | dedicated_to = Dai Anga | map_image = Pakistan Lahore#Pakistan | map_width = | coordinates = {{coord|31|34|43|N|74|21|50|E|region:TR_type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | extra = }} The Tomb of Dai Anga ({{lang-ur|{{nq|مقبرہ دائی انگہ}}}}), also known as the Gulabi Bagh ({{lang-ur|{{nq|گلابی باغ}}}}), is a 17th century Mughal tomb complex located in the Mughal-era suburb of Begampura, outside the Walled City of Lahore, Pakistan. BackgroundThe mausoleum was built in honour of Dai Anga, the wet nurse of Shah Jahan, and wife of Murad Khan of Bikaner. It is located along the Grand Trunk Road on one of the former routes between Lahore and Delhi. It is also located close to the 17th century tomb of Hazrat Ishaan, and the 18th century Cypress Tomb. HistoryThe tomb of Dai Anga features a gateway that predates the tomb's construction. Built in 1655 C.E. by the Persian nobleman Mirza Sultan Baig, the gateway was originally the entrance to a pleasure garden. The original garden was square in shape, and had measured 250 Guz on each side.[1] In 1671 C.E., the pleasure garden was repurposed into a tomb for the wet-nurse of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, and wife to Murad Khan, magistrate of Bikaner under the Emperor Jehangir. A new mausoleum was constructed in the centre of the garden, which over the centuries has been encroached upon by neighbouring structures, with only a narrow strip of garden between the tomb and gateway remaining.[2] ArchitectureThe mausoleum is rectangular in shape with eight rooms encircling the perimeter of a central chamber. The entire mausoleum is on a raised plinth. A dome with frescoes is directly above the central chamber. The chamber itself is empty, as the actual tomb of Dai Anga lies below in a subterranean crypt. She is buried next to her daughter Sultana Begum. Both cenotaphs have been removed, and the subterranean chamber is no longer accessible to the public. The central change is richly decorated with carved inscriptions from the Quran, as well as elegant frescoes made by the renowned calligrapher Muhammad Saleh.[3] The exterior of the tomb was also once covered in rich kashi kari, or Qashani tile-work, though much of the tiles have been lost through the centuries.[4] ConservationThe tomb complex is listed on the Protected Heritage Monuments of the Archaeology Department of Punjab.[5] Impact of Metro constructionThe tomb is situated along the planned route of the Orange Line of the Lahore metro. Heritage campaigners submitted a petition to the Lahore High Court as the planned metro line will pass close to the tomb, Shalimar Gardens, and nine other sites in the city in violation of the Punjab Special Premises Ordinance, 1985 and Antiquity Act, 1975.[6] In August 2016, the Court halted construction of the metro within 200 feet of any heritage site, including the tomb in order to prevent what UNESCO termed as potentially "irreversible damage," were the line to be constructed in its present form.[7][8] GalleryReferences1. ^{{cite web|title=Begumpura|url=http://www.mughalgardens.org/html/begumpura.html|website=Gardens of the Mughal Empire|accessdate=23 August 2016}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Gulabi Bagh Gateway|url=http://www.orientalarchitecture.com/sid/835/pakistan/lahore/gulabi-bagh-gateway|website=Oriental Architecture|accessdate=22 August 2016}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Dai Anga's Tomb|url=https://sites.ualberta.ca/~rnoor/tomb_dai_anga.html|accessdate=22 August 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Gulabi Bagh Gateway|url=http://www.orientalarchitecture.com/sid/835/pakistan/lahore/gulabi-bagh-gateway|website=Oriental Architecture|accessdate=22 August 2016}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Guidelines for Critical & Sensitive Areas|format=PDF|url=http://www.environment.gov.pk/eia_pdf/f_Crit_%20Areas.pdf|publisher=Government of Pakistan|accessdate=6 June 2013|author=Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency|pages=12, 47, 48|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014185608/http://www.environment.gov.pk/eia_pdf/f_Crit_%20Areas.pdf|archivedate=14 October 2013|df=dmy-all}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=LHC suspended construction of Orange Line Metro Train|url=http://paktribune.com/news/LHC-suspended-construction-of-Orange-Line-Metro-Train-277033.html|accessdate=23 August 2016|agency=Pakistan Tribune|date=19 August 2016}} 7. ^{{cite news|title=Lahore court backs heritage challenge over metro plans|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/aug/19/lahore-court-backs-heritage-challenge-metro-plans-pakistan|accessdate=23 August 2016|agency=The Guardian}} 8. ^"Chauburji" Wikipedia. Accessed 22 August 2016. External links{{commonscatinline|Dai Anga Tomb, Lahore}}{{Cultural heritage sites in Punjab, Pakistan |state=autocollapse}} 10 : 1671 establishments in India|Religious buildings completed in 1671|Mosques in Lahore|Mausoleums in Pakistan|Architecture of Lahore|Tombs in Lahore|Islamic architecture|Mughal architecture|Mughal funerary gardens in Pakistan|Persian gardens in Pakistan |
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