| 词条 | Ulmus minor var. italica |
| 释义 |
| image = Ulmus nitens italica.jpg | image_caption = Leaf and samara drawing of var. italica |genus = Ulmus |species = minor |varietas = italica |authority = Henry }} Ulmus minor var. italica was first described by Augustine Henry in 1913, as a 'variety' of field elm from Italy, Spain, Portugal and Algeria. He called it Ulmus nitens var. italica, 'Mediterranean Elm'.[1] The variety was accepted by Krüssman (1984), despite the wide source-area claimed for it, as a non-clonal cultivar, U. carpinifolia var. italica Henry.[2] Bean (1988), however, considered it "a variety of rather dubious standing",[2] and it was ignored by Richens (1983), who listed instead a "small-leaved U. minor of Spain" and a "narrow-leaved U. minor of northern and central Italy", as well as "the densely hairy leaved U. minor of southern Italy",[3] the latter being Melville's Ulmus canescens. Elwes and Henry did not include field elm from Greece or Asia Minor in their 1913 work.[4]DescriptionHenry described var. italica as a smooth-leaved field elm growing to 80 feet, distinguished by its 14 to 18 pairs of leaf-veins, an unusually high number for this species. Several Italian field elm authorities offering diagnostic leaf-photographs of local olmo campestre show leaves with 14 to 18 vein-pairs.[5][6][7][8][9] Henry's description also mentions leathery leaves, conspicuous axil-tufts, and a quarter-inch (about 1 cm) petiole. Pests and diseasesItalian field elm is susceptible to Dutch elm disease and Galerucella luteola Müll.[10] CultivationField elm has been described as "a well adapted and appreciated species" in Italy.[10] Henry gave examples of cultivation of var. italica both there and in the wider source-area claimed for it. Of plantings outside the source-area, he mentioned a specimen sent to Kew Gardens, while Krüssman (1984) included a photograph of var. italica Henry planted in Gisselfeld Park, Denmark.[11] E. E. Kemp, curator of Royal Botanic Gardens Edinburgh, noted (1979) that in the Netherlands, "where much nursery stock of smooth-leaved elm is raised, about 75% of the seed is obtained from Italian suppliers".[12] Notable treesHenry described a number of notable old specimens "of this variety", including one at the Villa Paveri-Fontana, Collecchio, Parma, with a bole 20 feet in girth. A centuries-old field elm, 5.5 metres in girth and possibly an example of Henry's var. italica, survives (2009) in the town of Mergozzo in Piedmont. References1. ^{{cite book|last1=Elwes|first1=Henry John|authorlink1=Henry John Elwes|last2=Henry|first2=Augustine|authorlink2=Augustine Henry|date=1913|title=The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland|volume=7|pages=1892–1893|url=https://archive.org/stream/treesofgreatbrit07elweuoft#page/1892/mode/2up}} {{Elm species, varieties, hybrids, hybrid cultivars and species cultivars |state=collapsed}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q48851276}}2. ^Bean, W. J., Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain (1988) beanstreesandshrubs.org 3. ^Richens, R. H., Elm (Cambridge 1983), p.18 4. ^Elwes, H. J. & Henry, A. (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. VII. 5. ^floraitaliae.actaplantarum.org 6. ^meditflora.com 7. ^bonsaiaq.altervista.org 8. ^luirig.altervista.org 9. ^ifepadova.it 10. ^1 Mittempergher, L., 'Dutch elm disease in Italy', in Research on Dutch Elm Disease in Europe, ed. D. A. Burdekin (London, 1983), p.105-6 11. ^1 Krüssman, Gerd, Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees & Shrubs (1984 vol. 3), pl.144 12. ^{{cite book|editor-last1=Clouston|editor-first1=Brian|editor-last2=Stansfield|editor-first2=Kathy|date=1979|title=After the Elm|pages=35|chapter=The Plantsman's Elm|first=Eddie|last=Kemp|publisher=William Heinemann Ltd|location=London|ISBN13=9780434139002}} 3 : Elm species and varieties|Ulmus articles with images|Ulmus |
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