| 词条 | Virtual Murder (video game series) |
| 释义 |
DevelopmentCreative Multimedia Corporation decided to launch a series of police adventure video games onto the market; they sought a collaboration by Shannon Gilligan, who had a successful career as a screenwriter, novel writer and children's book author.[2] The series' aim was to transform the passive experience of reading a murder mystery to an active multimedia gaming experience.[3] They wanted the player experience to be grounded in realism, removed from the magic and science fiction of other detective mysteries.[2] The games were announced in November 1992.[1] On May 30, 1995, Creative Multimedia Corporation signed a deal with GTE Main Street to allow users of their interactive television network to access Creative Multimedia's CD-ROMs over their home television sets. The Virtual Murder series was among the first to be included, due to the ease of gameplay that can be done with a TV remote.[4] Titles
Gameplay and plotVirtual Murder is a series of CD-ROM murder mystery adventure games. The player must solve a murder, facing the media at a press conference at the end of the game's time limit. The player determines what items from the crime scene need to be fingerprinted or sent to the lab for examination. They interview the leading candidates for the crime, relying on interviews an assistant has recorded with potential witnesses and suspects.[5]A common interface is shared between all four games. Player have six hours available to visit the crime scene, perform an autopsy, examine the evidence, and interrogate the suspects.[6] After this, players go to the press conference where they need to get up to 10 questions right in order to go on to the warrant stage. Here, they can further interrogate three of the suspects and then create a warrant of arrest against one of the suspects.[7] In Who Killed Brett Penance?, there are three different murderers and the murderer is different in each playthrough.[8] Gilligan (originally portrayed by Shannon Gilligan herself and later by Sheryl Lee) serves as a detective sidekick who summarizes the crime scene, provides thumbnail sketches on suspects, or offers an opinion when queried.[9] A throw-back to earlier narrative forms, the character was one of the few examples in interactive media around 2004 of a device called 'the Fifth Business" - a character who solely exists to move the characters and plot toward the conclusion.[10] There is an occasional voice over from the police superior who remidns the player of the work yet to be completed and the time remaining on the clock.[9] The games contain an in-game notebook that keeps track of what the player has learnt and done, a similar device to that used in the Her Interactive Nancy Drew games.[11] Critical receptionAllgame reviewer Anthony Baize recommended that players take copious notes and only expect to succeed on their 5th or 6th try due to the relentless press conference and warrant application sections.[12] Adventure Classic Gaming felt the technical merits and good intentions of the games were outweighed by their boring and repetitive gameplay.[13][14] PicelPacas described the series as a 90's version of Her Story.[15] CD-ROM World (quoted in CDaccess.com) wrote that the games succeeded in illustrating the tools and complexities of murder investigation.[16] Four Fat Chicks hoped their review steered away naive gamers from this game, which they considered dull and sub-par.[17] Adventure's Planet deemed the series "absolutely mediocre".[18] PC Gamer compared the gameplay to that of Consulting Detective, though criticsed its small video window and grainy footage.[8] The End of Books--or Books Without End?: Reading Interactive Narratives noted that the suspects simply answer the questions to a generic detective, rather than injecting their responses with reactions to an investigator with a colourful personality such as Philip Marlowe or Virginia West.[19] Wired wrote that the series "proves the rich potential of the mystery genre in the interactive medium", as well as that "sophisticated multimedia entertainment can be put together on a reasonable budget".[20] Reconceptualizing the Literacies in Adolescents' Lives noted that the series inspired players to create murder mysteries of their own.[21] Computer Gaming World stated that because of their limited interactivity, the Virtual Murder "is better understood as a work of fiction" than a series of games, and would appeal more to mystery fans than gamers.[22] The magazine described the acting as "surprisingly good", and hoped that "future titles will involve more interactivity ... a promising start" for CMC.[22] CD-ROM Today felt the games have an intuitive interface an dgraceful design, and thoguht they offered a refreshingly new standard for multimedia games.[23]Who Killed Sam Rupert was reviewed in 1993 in Dragon #195 by Hartley, Patricia, and Kirk Lesser in "The Role of Computers" column. The reviewers gave the game 4 out of 5 stars.[24]MacUser gave Who Killed Brett Penance? and Who Killed Taylor French? scores of 3.5 out of 5, and named them collectively one of 1995's top 50 CD-ROMs.[25]The series sold 900,000 copies in five languages.[26] Awards and nominations
References1. ^1 {{Cite news|url=http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-13691081.html|title=: Mord im Computer|date=1992-11-02|work=Der Spiegel|access-date=2018-03-22|volume=45}} 2. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.adventuresplanet.it/scheda_recensione.php?game=WKSR#.WrLyH-hubIU|title=Adventure's Planet - Recensione : Virtual Murder 1: Who Killed Sam Rupert|website=www.adventuresplanet.it|language=it|access-date=2018-03-22}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.adventureclassicgaming.com/index.php/site/reviews/18/|title=Virtual Murder 2: The Magic Death|last=Jong|first=Philip|date=October 17, 1997|website=Adventure Classic Gaming|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161204123757/http://www.adventureclassicgaming.com/index.php/site/reviews/18/|archive-date=2016-12-04|dead-url=yes|access-date=2018-03-20}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/CREATIVE+MULTIMEDIA+AND+GTE+MAIN+STREET+STRIKE+PARTNERSHIP;+New...-a016915641|title=CREATIVE MULTIMEDIA AND GTE MAIN STREET STRIKE PARTNERSHIP; New agreement will deliver CD-ROMs over subscribers' TV sets. - Free Online Library|website=www.thefreelibrary.com|access-date=2018-03-22}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last1=Lesser|first1=Hartley|last2=Lesser|first2=Patricia|last3=Lesser|first3=Kirk|lastauthoramp=yes|date=July 1993|title=The Role of Computers|journal=Dragon|issue=195|pages=57–64}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.adventureclassicgaming.com/index.php/site/reviews/17/|title=Virtual Murder 1: Who Killed Sam Rupert|last=Jong|first=Philip|date=October 17, 1997|website=Adventure Classic Gaming|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161204133806/http://www.adventureclassicgaming.com/index.php/site/reviews/17/|archive-date=2016-12-04|dead-url=yes|access-date=2018-03-20}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=22753&tab=review|title=The Magic Death: Virtual Murder 2|last=Savignano|first=Lisa Karen|date=November 16, 2014|website=Allgame|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141116202944/http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=22753&tab=review|archive-date=2014-11-16|dead-url=yes|access-date=2018-03-20}} 8. ^1 {{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/PCGamer09Feb1995|title=PC Gamer 09 Feb 1995|last=|first=|date=February 1995|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=41-2}} 9. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.electronicbookreview.com/thread/firstperson/avecplaisir|title=The Pleasures of Immersion and Interaction {{!}} Electronic Book Review|website=www.electronicbookreview.com|language=en|access-date=2018-03-22}} 10. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=iaY9cMnOCUoC&pg=PT219&dq=%22Who+Killed+Brett+Penance%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjtqKay1f7ZAhUDgbwKHUp1BhkQ6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=%22Who%20Killed%20Brett%20Penance%22&f=false|title=First Person: New Media as Story, Performance, and Game|last=Wardrip-Fruin|first=Noah|last2=Harrigan|first2=Pat|date=2004|publisher=MIT Press|isbn=9780262232326|language=en}} 11. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=uz8rBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA443&dq=%22who+killed+sam+rupert%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjGpur21P7ZAhXFXbwKHZ_bDu4Q6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=%22who%20killed%20sam%20rupert%22&f=false|title=Writing for Multimedia and the Web: A Practical Guide to Content Development for Interactive Media|last=Garrand|first=Timothy|date=2006-07-21|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=9781136134463|language=en}} 12. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=16877&tab=review|title=Who Killed Sam Rupert: Virtual Murder 1|last=Baize|first=Anthony|date=December 12, 2014|website=Allgame|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141212085326/http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=16877&tab=review|archive-date=2014-12-12|dead-url=yes|access-date=2018-03-20}} 13. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.adventureclassicgaming.com/index.php/site/reviews/19/|title=Murder Mystery 3: Who Killed Brett Penance? The Environmental Surfer|last=Jong|first=Philip|date=October 17, 1997|website=Adventure Classic Gaming|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161204173156/http://www.adventureclassicgaming.com/index.php/site/reviews/19/|archive-date=2016-12-04|dead-url=yes|access-date=2018-03-20}} 14. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.adventureclassicgaming.com/index.php/site/reviews/20/|title=Murder Mystery 4: Who Killed Taylor French? The Case of the Undressed Reporter|last=Jong|first=Philip|date=October 17, 1997|website=Adventure Classic Gaming|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060330085146/http://www.adventureclassicgaming.com/index.php/site/reviews/20/|archive-date=2006-03-30|dead-url=yes|access-date=2018-03-20}} 15. ^{{Cite news|url=http://pixelpacas.com/who-killed-sam-rupert-virtual-murder-1/|title=Who Killed Sam Rupert: Virtual Murder 1 Review|date=2016-08-17|work=Pixel Pacas|access-date=2018-03-22|language=en-US}} 16. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.cdaccess.com/html/pc/magicd.htm|title=The Magic Death, Virtual Murder 2 - from CD-ROM Access|website=www.cdaccess.com|access-date=2018-03-22}} 17. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.tap-repeatedly.com/Reviews/Who_Killed_Sam_Rupert/WKSR.shtml|title=Four Fat Chicks -- Who Killed Sam Rupert? Review|website=www.tap-repeatedly.com|access-date=2018-03-22}} 18. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.adventuresplanet.it/scheda_recensione.php?game=WKSR#.WrLyH-hubIU|title=Adventure's Planet - Recensione : Virtual Murder 1: Who Killed Sam Rupert|website=www.adventuresplanet.it|language=it|access-date=2018-03-22}} 19. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=ReMjJYdo2n0C&pg=PA163&dq=%22Who+Killed+Brett+Penance%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjtqKay1f7ZAhUDgbwKHUp1BhkQ6AEIMjAC#v=onepage&q=%22Who%20Killed%20Brett%20Penance%22&f=false|title=The End of Books--or Books Without End?: Reading Interactive Narratives|last=Douglas|first=J. Yellowlees|date=2001|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=0472088467|language=en}} 20. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.wired.com/1994/06/the-magic-death/|title=The Magic Death|work=WIRED|access-date=2018-03-22|language=en-US}} 21. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=3MEbCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA39&lpg=PA39&dq=%22who+killed+elspeth+haskard%22&source=bl&ots=rqwtl5pFcO&sig=0u2_trEj3kH2foLsdGUgj_PDJIg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjS0_uV1v7ZAhVGyLwKHRhtB80Q6AEILzAB#v=onepage&q=%22who%20killed%20elspeth%20haskard%22&f=false|title=Reconceptualizing the Literacies in Adolescents' Lives|last=Alvermann|first=Donna E.|last2=Hinchman|first2=Kathleen A.|last3=Moore|first3=David W.|last4=Phelps|first4=Stephen F.|last5=Waff|first5=Diane R.|date=2007-07-10|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317433859|language=en}} 22. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.cgwmuseum.org/galleries/index.php?year=1993&pub=2&id=105|title=CMC's Who Killed Sam Rupert?|author=Wilson, Johnny L.|date=April 1993|work=Computer Gaming World|accessdate=6 July 2014|pages=46}} 23. ^{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/CDROMToday01Jul1993|title=CD-ROM Today 01 July/Summer 1993|last=|first=|date=July 1993|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=94}} 24. ^{{cite journal|last1=Lesser|first1=Hartley|last2=Lesser|first2=Patricia|last3=Lesser|first3=Kirk|lastauthoramp=yes|date=July 1993|title=The Role of Computers|journal=Dragon|issue=195|pages=57–64}} 25. ^{{cite web | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20010726184334/http://www.macuser.com/mu_1095/cdrom.html | url=http://www.macuser.com:80/mu_1095/cdrom.html | title=Top Spins: 50 New CD-ROMs | date=October 1995 | author=Echler, Nikki; Olson, Rebecca | work=MacUser | archivedate=July 26, 2001 | deadurl=yes | access-date=May 18, 2018 | df=mdy-all }} 26. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.kidsfirst.org/about-us/Board_Staff_Bios_ShannonGilligan.html|title=CQCM board and staff bios: Shannon Gilligan|last=www.TheNetCave.com|first=NetMan Inc.|website=www.kidsfirst.org|language=en|access-date=2018-03-22}} 27. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.kidsfirst.org/about-us/Board_Staff_Bios_ShannonGilligan.html|title=CQCM board and staff bios: Shannon Gilligan|last=www.TheNetCave.com|first=NetMan Inc.|website=www.kidsfirst.org|language=en|access-date=2018-03-22}} 28. ^{{Cite web|url=https://networthpost.com/net-worth/shannon-gilligan-net-worth/|title=Shannon Gilligan Net Worth Wiki/Bio 2018: Awesome Facts You Need to Know|website=networthpost.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-22}} External links
Non-English reviews
3 : Adventure games|Mystery video games|Video game franchises introduced in 1993 |
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