| 词条 | Votes for Women (newspaper) |
| 释义 |
| title = Votes for Women | image_file = File:Votes for Women newspaper 1907 (22797474871).jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Votes for Women supplement of 10 October 1907 | publisher = St. Clement's Press | paid_circulation = | unpaid_circulation = | total_circulation = 33,000 | circulation_year = 1910 | language = English | category = Newspaper | frequency = Weekly (from 1908) | editor = Emmeline and Frederick Pethick-Lawrence | founded = {{start date and age|1907|10}} | firstdate = | finaldate = {{end date|1918}} | country = United Kingdom }} Votes for Women was a newspaper associated with the women's suffrage movement in the United Kingdom. Until 1912, it was the official newspaper of the Women's Social and Political Union, the leading suffragette organisation. Subsequently, it continued with a smaller circulation, at first independently, and then as the publication of the United Suffragists. HistoryThe newspaper was founded in October 1907 by Emmeline and Frederick Pethick-Lawrence. The couple became joint editors of the newspaper, which was published by the St Clement's Press. It was adopted as the official newspaper of the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU), already the leading militant suffragette organisation in the country.[1] Many copies were sold by WSPU members standing on the street.[2] The pavement sellers were often harassed by passersby, and were forced to stand in the gutter lest the police arrest them for "obstruction of the pavement".[2] Initially, the newspaper cost 3d and was published monthly, with weekly supplements bringing it up-to-date. In April 1908, its publication was increased to a weekly frequency, and the following month the price was dropped to only 1d. During this period, the WSPU viewed the paper as a tool for recruitment and fundraising, and devoted much time to increasing its circulation. For example, each summer, WSPU were urged to recruit new subscribers while they were on seaside holidays.[1] The paper was redesigned in 1909 and its page size was increased. The WSPU launched a major advertising campaign, including a bus touring London, and established permanent sales pitches in central London. This took circulation to a peak of 33,000 a week in early 1910.[1] In 1912 the Pethick-Lawrences were arrested, and Evelyn Sharp briefly assumed the editorship of the paper.[3] Subsequently, the Pethick-Lawrences were expelled from the WSPU, and thereafter they published the newspaper independently, its supporters being organised in the Votes for Women Fellowship.[4] This group was intended to encompass members of a variety of women's suffrage organisations, whether militant or non-militant. The Fellowship formed groups across the country, which focused their time on education. This convinced some members that they should form a new campaigning group.[4] In February 1914, Votes for Women announced the formation of the United Suffragists, in which the Pethick-Lawrences became active, and in August they transferred control of the newspaper to the new group.[1][4][5] Sharp then took over sole editorship of the newspaper.[6] Later yearsThe paper continued to appear during World War I, but with a much-reduced circulation, and it struggled to remain financially viable.[1] Sharp reoriented the paper to appeal more to middle-class women, with the slogan "The War Paper for Women". Although she personally came to oppose the war, she ensured that the paper maintained a neutral stance on it.[7] Women's suffrage was enacted by degrees beginning in 1918, and in March of that year the United Suffragists dissolved itself, the newspaper also ceasing to appear.[8] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|last1=Crawford|first1=Elizabeth|title=The Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide 1866-1928|date=1999|publisher=UCL Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a2EK9P7-ZMsC&pg=PA460|location=London|isbn=184142031X|pages=460-461}} 2. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Purvis|first1=June|last2=Holton|first2=Sandra Stanley|title=Votes For Women|date=2000|publisher=Routledge|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-UWFAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA138|location=London|isbn=0415214580|page=138}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Scott|first1=Bonnie Kime|title=Gender in Modernism: New Geographies, Complex Intersections|date=2007|publisher=University of Illinois Press|location=Urbana|isbn=0252031717|page=31}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Cowman|first1=Krista|title=Women in British Politics, c.1689-1979|date=2010|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=Basingstoke|isbn=0230545572|page=62}} 5. ^{{cite book|last1=Holton|first1=Sandra Stanley|title=Feminism and Democracy: Women's Suffrage and Reform Politics in Britain|date=1987|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=0521328551|pages=128, 181}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Crawford|first1=Elizabeth|title=The Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide 1866-1928|date=1999|publisher=UCL Press|location=London|isbn=184142031X|page=629}} 7. ^{{cite book|last1=Green|first1=Barbara|title=Feminist Periodicals and Daily Life: Women and Modernity in British Culture|date=2017|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=Cham, Switzerland|isbn=9783319632773|pages=211-212}} 8. ^{{cite book|last1=Crawford|first1=Elizabeth|title=The Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide 1866-1928|date=1999|publisher=UCL Press|location=London|isbn=184142031X|page=694}} External links
4 : Feminist newspapers|Publications established in 1907|Publications disestablished in 1918|Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom |
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