| 词条 | Arado Ar 96 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Arado Ar 96 was a German single-engine, low-wing monoplane of all-metal construction, produced by Arado Flugzeugwerke. It was the Luftwaffe{{'}}s standard advanced trainer during World War II. Design and developmentDesigned by Walter Blume as the result of a 1936 Reich Air Ministry tender, the prototype, powered by a 179 kW (240 hp) Argus As 10c engine, first flew in 1938. In 1939, an initial batch of Ar 96A aircraft was produced. This was followed by the major production series, the more powerful Ar 96B, fitted with the Argus As 410 engine. Operational historyThe Ar 96 was used for advanced, night and instrument-flying training. Famously, during the evening of 28 April 1945, pilot Hanna Reitsch was flown with then-Luftwaffe head Generalfeldmarschall Robert Ritter von Greim out from Berlin under Soviet fire in an Arado Ar 96 trainer, from an improvised airstrip in the Tiergarten, piloted by a Luftwaffe sergeant. Shadow production was undertaken by Letov and the Avia factory in occupied Czechoslovakia, where manufacturing continued for some years after the war, being designated the Avia C-2B. A wooden version, known as the Ar 396, was built in France and was designated the SIPA S.10. Further developments were the SIPA S.11 (armed version), and the SIPA S.12, a metal version; 188 of all versions were produced until 1958. The S.11 was operated with some success in Algeria, carrying machine guns, rockets and light bombs. Variants
Two-seat advanced trainer aircraft. Initial production version.
Improved version. Main production version.
Unarmed pilot trainer version.
A proposed development of the Ar 96 with an Argus As 411 engine, abandoned in favour of the Ar 396, due to the use of non-strategic materials in the Ar 396 production.
Single-seat gunnery trainer, powered by an Argus As 411 engine, built largely from wood.
Unarmed instrument trainer version.
French production version of Ar 396, 28 produced.[1]
Modified version of S.10, powered by Renault 12S (French built Argus As 411), 50 built for the French Air Force.[1]
All-metal version of S.11, 52 built for the French Air Force.[1]
Modified version of S.12, 58 built for the French Air Force.[1]
Czechoslovak production version of the Ar 96B. Czechoslovak designation C.2B. 228 built by Avia and 182 by Letov between 1945 and 1950.[2] Production figures up to 1945
Operators
Surviving aircraft
Specifications (Arado Ar 96B-2){{Aircraft specs|ref=Aircraft of the Third Reich Vol.1[5] |prime units?=met
Ar 396A-1: {{convert|9.3|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} |span m=11 |span ft= |span in= |span note= |height m=2.6 |height ft= |height in= |height note= Ar 396A-1: {{convert|2.45|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} |wing area sqm=17.1 |wing area sqft= |wing area note= Ar 396A-1: {{convert|18.3|m²|sqft|abbr=on|0}} |empty weight kg=1,295 |empty weight lb= |empty weight note= Ar 396A-1: {{convert|1,643|kg|lb|abbr=on|0}} |gross weight kg= |gross weight lb= |gross weight note= |max takeoff weight kg=1,700 |max takeoff weight lb= |max takeoff weight note= Ar 396A-1: {{convert|2,060|kg|lb|abbr=on|0}} |fuel capacity= |lift kg= |lift lb= |lift note= |more general=
Ar 396A-1: 1 x {{convert|433|kW|hp|abbr=on|0}} Argus As 411MA inverted V-12 air-cooled piston engine |prop blade number=2 |prop name=variable pitch metal propeller |prop dia m= |prop dia ft= |prop dia in= |prop dia note=
Ar 396A-1: {{convert|355|km/h|mph|abbr=on|0}} at {{convert|2,400|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} |max speed note=at sea level |max speed mach= |cruise speed kmh=295 |cruise speed mph= |cruise speed kts= |cruise speed note= Ar 396A-1: {{convert|275|km/h|mph|abbr=on|0}} at sea level |stall speed kmh= |stall speed mph= |stall speed kts= |stall speed note= |never exceed speed kmh= |never exceed speed mph= |never exceed speed kts= |never exceed speed note= |minimum control speed kmh= |minimum control speed mph= |minimum control speed kts= |minimum control speed note= |range km=990 |range miles= |range nmi= |range note= Ar 396A-1: {{convert|600|km|mi|abbr=on|0}} |combat range km= |combat range miles= |combat range nmi= |combat range note= |ferry range km= |ferry range miles= |ferry range nmi= |ferry range note= |endurance= |ceiling m=7,100 |ceiling ft= |ceiling note= Ar 396A-1: {{convert|6,900|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} |g limits= |roll rate= |glide ratio= |climb rate ms=5.083 |climb rate ftmin= |climb rate note= |time to altitude= Ar 396A-1: {{convert|4,000|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} in 10 minutes 18 seconds
Ar 396A-1: 1 × 7.92 mm (0.312 in) MG 17 machine gun + 2 x {{convert|50|kg|lb|abbr=on|0}} bombs on underwing racks }} See also{{aircontent|related= |similar aircraft=
|lists=
|see also= }} References{{Commons category|Arado Ar 96}}Notes1. ^1 2 3 Taylor, Michael J H. Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. pg. 825. Portland House, 1989. {{ISBN|0-517-69186-8}} 2. ^Kudlicka 2004, pp. 45–46. 3. ^Kudlicka 2004, p.48. 4. ^Flyhistorisk Museum Sola {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081102045317/http://www.flymuseum-sola.no/sider/hoved.html |date=2008-11-02 }} {{no icon}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Green|first=William|title=Aircraft of the Third Reich|publisher=Aerospace Publishing Limited|location=London|date=2010|edition=1st|volume=Vol.1|pages=43 & 90|isbn=978 1 900732 06 2 }} Bibliography{{refbegin}}
7 : Arado aircraft|German military trainer aircraft 1930–1939|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Low-wing aircraft|SIPA aircraft|Avia aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1938 |
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