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词条 2003 Tour de France
释义

  1. Teams

  2. Pre-race favourites

  3. Route and stages

  4. Race overview

     Doping 

  5. Classification leadership

  6. Final standings

     General classification  Points classification  Mountains classification  Young rider classification  Team classification  Centenaire classification 

  7. Notes

  8. References

  9. Bibliography

  10. Further reading

  11. External links

{{Infobox cycling race report
| name = 2003 Tour de France
| image = Route of the 2003 Tour de France.png
| image_size = 360px
| image_caption = Route of the 2003 Tour de France
| date = 5–27 July
| stages = 20 + Prologue
| distance = 3427
| unit = km
| time = 83h 41' 12"
| first = Lance Armstrong none{{refn|On 24 August 2012, the United States Anti-Doping Agency announced that they had disqualified Armstrong from all his results since 1998, including his victory in the 2003 Tour de France.[1] The Union Cycliste Internationale, responsible for the international cycling, confirmed this verdict on 22 October 2012.[2]|group=n|name=armstrong}}
| speed = 40.030
| second = Jan Ullrich
| second_nat = GER
| second_team = {{ct|TBI|2003b}}
| third = Alexander Vinokourov
| third_nat = KAZ
| third_team = {{ct|THR|2003}}
| points = Baden Cooke
| points_nat = AUS
| points_team = {{ct|FDJ|2003}}
| points_color = green
| mountains = Richard Virenque
| mountains_nat = FRA
| mountains_team = {{ct|QST|2003}}
| mountains_color = polkadot
| youth = Denis Menchov
| youth_nat = RUS
| youth_team = {{ct|GCE|2003}}
| youth_color = white
| team = {{ct|SAX|2003}}
| combativity = Alexander Vinokourov
| combativity_nat = KAZ
| combativity_team = {{ct|TMO|2003}}
| combativity_color = red_number
| previous = 2002
| next = 2004
}}

The 2003 Tour de France was a multiple stage bicycle race held from 5 to 27 July, and the 90th edition of the Tour de France. It has no overall winner—although American cyclist Lance Armstrong originally won the event, the United States Anti-Doping Agency announced in August 2012 that they had disqualified Armstrong from all his results since 1998, including his seven Tour de France wins from 1999 to 2005; the Union Cycliste Internationale has confirmed this verdict.

The event started and ended in Paris, covering {{convert|3427|km|0|abbr=on}} proceeding clockwise in twenty stages around France, including six major mountain stages. Due to the centennial celebration, this edition of the tour was raced entirely in France and did not enter neighboring countries.

In the centenary year of the race the route recreated, in part, that of 1903. There was a special Centenaire Classement prize for the best-placed in each of the six stage finishes which match the 1903 tour - Lyon, Marseille, Toulouse, Bordeaux, Nantes and Paris. It was won by Stuart O'Grady, with Thor Hushovd in second place. The 2003 Tour was honored with the Prince of Asturias Award for Sport.

Of the 198 riders the favorite was again Armstrong, aiming for a record equalling fifth win. Before the race, it was believed that his main rivals would include Iban Mayo, Aitor González, Tyler Hamilton, Ivan Basso, Gilberto Simoni, Jan Ullrich, and Joseba Beloki but Armstrong was the odds-on favorite. Though he did go on to win the race, it is statistically, and by Armstrong's own admission,[3] his weakest Tour from his seven-year period of dominance over the race.

Teams

{{main list|List of teams and cyclists in the 2003 Tour de France}}

The team selection was done in three rounds: in November 2002, the fourteen highest-ranking Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) teams would automatically qualify; four wildcard invitations were given in January 2003, and four more in mid-May.[4]

The teams entering the race were:

Qualified teams{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
  • {{ct|USP|2003}}
  • {{ct|ONC|2003}}
  • {{ct|TMO|2003}}
  • {{ct|GCE|2003}}
  • {{ct|RAB|2003}}
  • {{ct|COF|2003}}
  • {{ct|CSC|2003}}
  • {{ct|FAS|2003}}
  • {{ct|KEL|2003}}
  • {{ct|TBI|2003b}}
  • {{ct|LOT|2003}}
  • {{ct|GST|2003}}
  • {{ct|ALB|2003}}
  • {{ct|VIN|2003}}
{{div col end}}Invited teams{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
  • {{ct|SAE|2003}}
  • {{ct|FDJ|2003}}
  • {{ct|QST|2003}}
  • {{ct|C.A|2003}}
  • {{ct|ALM|2003}}
  • {{ct|EUS|2003}}
  • {{ct|BBO|2003}}
  • {{ct|JDT|2003}}
{{div col end}}

Pre-race favourites

Some notable cyclists excluded from the race were Mario Cipollini and Marco Pantani, whose teams {{ct|DVE|2003}} and {{ct|MER|2003}} were not selected.[5] Especially the absence of Cipollini, the reigning world champion, came as a surprise. The Tour organisation gave the reason that Cipollini had never been able to finish the race.[6]

In the first round, the Coast team had been selected to compete, and in January 2003 they signed Jan Ullrich. Financial problems then almost prevented the team from starting, but after Bianchi stepped in as a new sponsor, Team Bianchi was allowed to take the place of Team Coast.

Route and stages

Augendre|2016|p=94}}[7][8]
StageDateCourseDistanceTypeWinner
P5 July Paris{{convert|6.5|km|abbr=on}} Individual time trial Bradley McGee|AUS}}
16 July Saint-Denis to Meaux{{convert|168.0|km|abbr=on}} Plain stage Alessandro Petacchi|ITA}}
27 July La Ferté-sous-Jouarre to Sedan{{convert|204.5|km|abbr=on}} Plain stage Baden Cooke|AUS}}
38 July Charleville-Mézières to Saint-Dizier{{convert|167.5|km|abbr=on}} Plain stage Alessandro Petacchi|ITA}}
49 July Joinville to Saint-Dizier{{convert|69.0|km|abbr=on}} Team time trial {{ct|USP|2003}}|USA}}
510 July Troyes to Nevers{{convert|196.5|km|abbr=on}} Plain stage Alessandro Petacchi|ITA}}
611 July Nevers to Lyon{{convert|230.0|km|abbr=on}} Plain stage Alessandro Petacchi|ITA}}
712 July Lyon to Morzine{{convert|230.5|km|abbr=on}} Stage with mountain(s) Richard Virenque|FRA}}
813 July Sallanches to Alpe d'Huez{{convert|219.0|km|abbr=on}} Stage with mountain(s) Iban Mayo|ESP}}
914 July Le Bourg-d'Oisans to Gap{{convert|184.5|km|abbr=on}} Stage with mountain(s) Alexander Vinokourov|KAZ}}
1015 July Gap to Marseille{{convert|219.5|km|abbr=on}} Plain stage Jakob Piil|DEN}}
16 JulyNarbonneRest day
1117 July Narbonne to Toulouse{{convert|153.5|km|abbr=on}} Plain stage Juan Antonio Flecha|ESP}}
1218 July Gaillac to Cap Découverte{{convert|47.0|km|abbr=on}} Individual time trial Jan Ullrich|GER}}
1319 July Toulouse to Ax 3 Domaines{{convert|197.5|km|abbr=on}} Stage with mountain(s) Carlos Sastre|ESP}}
1420 July Saint-Girons to Loudenvielle{{convert|191.5|km|abbr=on}} Stage with mountain(s) Gilberto Simoni|ITA}}
1521 July Bagnères-de-Bigorre to Luz Ardiden{{convert|159.5|km|abbr=on}} Stage with mountain(s) {{flagathlete>Lance Armstrong|USA}}{{refn|group=n|name=armstrong}}
22 JulyPauRest day
1623 July Pau to Bayonne{{convert|197.5|km|abbr=on}} Stage with mountain(s) Tyler Hamilton|USA}}
1724 July Dax to Bordeaux{{convert|181.0|km|abbr=on}} Plain stage Servais Knaven|NED}}
1825 July Bordeaux to Saint-Maixent-l'École{{convert|203.5|km|abbr=on}} Plain stage Pablo Lastras|ESP}}
1926 July Pornic to Nantes{{convert|49.0|km|abbr=on}} Individual time trial David Millar|GBR}}
2027 July Ville-d'Avray to Paris (Champs-Élysées){{convert|152.0|km|abbr=on}} Plain stage Jean-Patrick Nazon|FRA}}
Total{{convert|3427|km|0|abbr=on}}{{sfn|Augendre|2016|p=110}}

Race overview

{{main|2003 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 9|2003 Tour de France, Stage 10 to Stage 20}}{{expand section|Full overview of the rest of the race and more references|date=October 2017}}

The Tour proved to be one more hotly contested than the previous years. Tyler Hamilton and Levi Leipheimer were involved in a crash early in the Tour. Leipheimer dropped out, Hamilton continued and got fourth place in the end while riding with a broken collarbone.

In the Alps, Gilberto Simoni and Stefano Garzelli, first and second in the Giro d'Italia earlier the same year, could not keep up with Lance Armstrong and the other favorites. The same held for last year's number 4, Santiago Botero. Joseba Beloki could, and was in second-place overall (just 40 seconds behind Armstrong) when he crashed on a fast descent from the Cote de La Rochette, shortly after passing the Col de Manse into Gap.[9] The crash was a result of a locked brake, caused by a lack of traction from melting tar on the road, which led to the tyre coming off the rim.[10] Beloki broke his right femur, elbow and wrist, and had to leave the Tour.[11] Armstrong made a detour through the field beside the road to avoid the fallen Beloki. Armstrong was in yellow, but Jan Ullrich won the first time trial by one minute and 36 seconds. He and Alexander Vinokourov were both within very short distance from Armstrong.

Doping

{{see also|Lance Armstrong doping case}}

Subsequent to Armstrong's statement to withdraw his fight against United States Anti-Doping Agency's (USADA) charges, on 24 August 2012, the USADA said it would ban Armstrong for life and stripped him of his record seven Tour de France titles.[12][13] Later that day it was confirmed in a USADA statement that Armstrong was banned for life and would be disqualified from any and all competitive results obtained on and subsequent to 1 August 1998, including forfeiture of any medals, titles, winnings, finishes, points and prizes.[1] On 22 October 2012, the Union Cycliste Internationale endorsed the USADA sanctions, and decided not to award victories to any other rider or upgrade other placings in any of the affected events.[2]

Classification leadership

There were four main individual classifications contested in the 2003 Tour de France, as well as a team competition. The most important was the general classification, which was calculated by adding each rider's finishing times on each stage.{{sfn|Race regulations|2003|pp=20–21}} There were time bonuses given at the end of each mass start stage.{{sfn|Race regulations|2003|p=22}} If a crash had happened within the final {{convert|1|km|1|abbr=on}} of a stage, not including time trials and summit finishes, the riders involved would have received the same time as the group they were in when the crash occurred.{{sfn|Race regulations|2003|p=13}} The rider with the lowest cumulative time was the winner of the general classification and was considered the overall winner of the Tour. The rider leading the classification wore a yellow jersey.{{sfn|Race regulations|2003|pp=7–8}}

The second classification was the points classification. Riders received points for finishing in the highest positions in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints during the stage. The points available for each stage finish were determined by the stage's type.{{sfn|Race regulations|2003|p=21}} The leader was identified by a green jersey.{{sfn|Race regulations|2003|pp=7–8}}

The third classification was the mountains classification. Most stages of the race included one or more categorised climbs, in which points were awarded to the riders that reached the summit first. The climbs were categorised as fourth-, third-, second- or first-category and hors catégorie, with the more difficult climbs rated lower.{{sfn|Race regulations|2003|p=21}} The leader wore a white jersey with red polka dots.{{sfn|Race regulations|2003|pp=7–8}}

The final individual classification was the young rider classification. This was calculated the same way as the general classification, but the classification was restricted to riders who were born on or after 1 January 1977.{{sfn|Race regulations|2003|p=21}} The leader wore a white jersey.{{sfn|Race regulations|2003|pp=7–8}}

The final classification was a team classification. This was calculated using the finishing times of the best three riders per team on each stage; the leading team was the team with the lowest cumulative time.{{sfn|Race regulations|2003|p=21}}

In addition, there was a combativity award given after each mass start stage to the rider considered, by a jury, to have "shown the greatest effort and demonstrated the greatest sporting spirit".{{sfn|Race regulations|2003|pp=21–22}} The winner wore a red number bib the following stage.{{sfn|Race regulations|2003|pp=7–8}} At the conclusion of the Tour, Alexander Vinokourov ({{ct|THR|2003|no-link=yes}}) won the overall super-combativity award.{{sfn|Augendre|2016|p=94}}

There was special classification, the Centenaire, which combined times of riders across the six stages involving cities visited during 1903 Tour. The cities were: Lyon, on stage 6; Marseille, on stage 10; Toulouse, on stage 11; Bordeaux, on stage 17; Nantes, on stage 19; and Paris, on stage 20.{{sfn|Race regulations|2003|p=22}}

Classification leadership by stage[14][15]
StageWinnerGeneral classification
Points classification
Mountains classification
Young rider classification
Team classificationCombativity award
P Bradley McGeeBradley McGeeBradley McGee no awardVladimir Karpets{{ct|DSC|2003}} no award
1 Alessandro PetacchiRobbie McEwenChristophe MenginAndy FlickingerAndy Flickinger
2 Baden CookeBaden CookeFrédéric Finot
3 Alessandro PetacchiJean-Patrick NazonAnthony Geslin
4DSC|2003}}Víctor Hugo PeñaVladimir Karpets no award
5 Alessandro PetacchiFrédéric FinotFrédéric Finot
6 Alessandro PetacchiAlessandro PetacchiChristophe MenginRené Andrle
7 Richard VirenqueRichard VirenqueBaden CookeRichard VirenqueDenis MenchovQST|2003}}Richard Virenque
8 Iban MayoLance Armstrong{{refn|group=n|name=armstrong}}{{ct|EUS|2003}}Nicolas Portal
9 Alexander VinokourovJörg Jaksche
10 Jakob Piil{{ct|SAX|2003}}José Gutiérrez
11 Juan Antonio FlechaJuan Antonio Flecha
12 Jan UllrichGCE|2003}} no award
13 Carlos Sastre{{ct|SAX|2003}}Carlos Sastre
14 Gilberto SimoniLaurent Dufaux
15Lance Armstrong{{refn>group=n|name=armstrong}}Sylvain Chavanel
16 Tyler HamiltonTyler Hamilton
17 Servais KnavenServais Knaven
18 Pablo LastrasRobbie McEwenAndy Flickinger
19 David Millar no award
20Jean-Patrick NazonBaden CookeBram de Groot
FinalLance Armstrong{{refn|group=n|name=armstrongBaden Cooke{{font color|white|Richard Virenque|link=yesDenis MenchovSAX|2003{{font color|white|Alexander Vinokourov|link=yes
  • In stage 1, David Millar wore the green jersey.
  • In stage 8, Rolf Aldag wore the polka-dot jersey.

Final standings

Legend
Denotes the leader of the points classification Denotes the leader of the mountains classification
Denotes the leader of the young rider classification Denotes the winner of the super-combativity award

General classification

Final general classification (1–10)[16]
RankRiderTeamTime
DSQ{{flagathlete>Lance Armstrong|USA}}{{refn|group=n|name=armstrong}}{{ct>USP|2003}}83h 41' 12"
2Jan Ullrich|GER}}TBI|2003b}}+ 1' 01"
3Alexander Vinokourov|KAZ}}TMO|2003}}+ 4' 14"
4Tyler Hamilton|USA}}CSC|2003}}+ 6' 17"
5Haimar Zubeldia|ESP}}EUS|2003}}+ 6' 51"
6Iban Mayo|ESP}}EUS|2003}}+ 7' 06"
7Ivan Basso|ITA}}FAS|2003}}+ 10' 12"
8Christophe Moreau|FRA}}C.A|2003}}+ 12' 28"
9Carlos Sastre|ESP}}CSC|2003}}+ 18' 49"
10Francisco Mancebo|ESP}}GCE|2003}}+ 19' 15"
{{columns-start}}

Points classification

Final points classification (1–10)[16]
RankRiderTeamPoints
1Baden Cooke|AUS}}FDJ|2003}}216
2Robbie McEwen|AUS}}SIL|2003}}214
3Erik Zabel|DEU}}THR|2003}}188
4Thor Hushovd|NOR}}C.A|2003}}173
5Luca Paolini|ITA}}QST|2003}}156
6Jean-Patrick Nazon|FRA}}JDT|2003}}154
7Stuart O'Grady|AUS}}C.A|2003}}153
8Fabrizio Guidi|ITA}}TBI|2003b}}122
9Jan Ullrich|GER}}TBI|2003b}}112
10Damien Nazon|FRA}}BBO|2003}}107
{{column}}

Mountains classification

Final mountains classification (1–10)[16]
RankRiderTeamPoints
1Richard Virenque|FRA}}QST|2003}}324
2Laurent Dufaux|SUI}}ALB|2003}}187
3Lance Armstrong|USA}}{{refn|group=n|name=armstrong}}{{ct>DSC|2003}} 168
4Christophe Moreau|FRA}}C.A|2003}}137
5Juan Miguel Mercado|ESP}}GCE|2003}}136
6Iban Mayo|ESP}}EUS|2003}}130
7Haimar Zubeldia|ESP}}EUS|2003}}125
8Jan Ullrich|GER}}TBI|2003b}}124
9Tyler Hamilton|USA}}SAX|2003}}116
10Paolo Bettini|ITA}}QST|2003}}100
{{columns-end}}{{columns-start}}

Young rider classification

Final young rider classification (1–10)[16]
RankRiderTeamTime
1Denis Menchov|RUS}}GCE|2003}}84h 0' 56"
2Mikel Astarloza|ESP}}ALM|2003}}+ 42' 29"
3Juan Miguel Mercado|ESP}}GCE|2003}}+ 1h 02' 48"
4Sylvain Chavanel|FRA}}BBO|2003}}+ 1h 05' 17"
5Andy Flickinger|FRA}}ALM|2003}}+ 1h 09' 09"
6Michael Rogers|AUS}}QST|2003}}+ 1h 17' 44"
7Matthias Kessler|GER}}TMO|2003}}+ 1h 25' 33"
8Evgeni Petrov|RUS}}GCE|2003}}+ 1h 32' 19"
9Jérôme Pineau|FRA}}BBO|2003}}+ 1h 51' 49"
10Franco Pellizotti|ITA}}ALB|2003}}+ 2h 01' 08"
{{column}}

Team classification

Final team classification (1–10)[16]
RankTeamTime
1SAX|2003}}248h 18' 18"
2GCE|2003}}+ 21' 46"
3EUS|2003}}+ 44' 59"
4DSC|2003}}+ 45' 53"
5TBI|2003b}}+ 1h 12' 40"
6TMO|2003}}+ 1h 38' 45"
7QST|2003}}+ 2h 02' 17"
8BBO|2003}}+ 2h 02' 36"
9ALM|2003}}+ 2h 08' 06"
10COF|2003}}+ 2h 08' 56"
{{columns-end}}

Centenaire classification

Final centenaire classification (1–10)[16]
RankRiderTeamPoints
1Stuart O'Grady|AUS}}C.A|2003}}82
2Thor Hushovd|NOR}}C.A|2003}}86
3Fabrizio Guidi|ITA}}TBI|2003b}}103
4Luca Paolini|ITA}}QST|2003}}118
5Gerrit Glomser|AUT}}SAE|2003}}123
6Jan Ullrich|GER}} Bianchi165
7Damien Nazon|FRA}}BBO|2003}}169
8Baden Cooke|AUS}}FDJ|2003}}184
9Bradley McGee|AUS}}FDJ|2003}}188
10Christophe Moreau|FRA}}C.A|2003}}210

Notes

1. ^1 {{cite news|title=Lance Armstrong Receives Lifetime Ban And Disqualification Of Competitive Results For Doping Violations Stemming From His Involvement In The United States Postal Service Pro-Cycling Team Doping Conspiracy|url=http://www.usada.org/lance-armstrong-receives-lifetime-ban-and-disqualification-of-competitive-results-for-doping-violations-stemming-from-his-involvement-in-the-united-states-postal-service-pro-cycling-team-doping-conspi/|accessdate=17 October 2016|publisher=United States Anti-Doping Agency|date=24 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104220333/http://www.usada.org/lance-armstrong-receives-lifetime-ban-and-disqualification-of-competitive-results-for-doping-violations-stemming-from-his-involvement-in-the-united-states-postal-service-pro-cycling-team-doping-conspi/|archive-date=2016-11-04|dead-url=no|df=}}
2. ^1 {{cite news|title=Lance Armstrong stripped of all seven Tour de France wins by UCI|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cycling/20008520|accessdate=17 October 2016|work=BBC News|publisher=BBC|date=22 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160908151552/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cycling/20008520|archive-date=2016-09-08|dead-url=no|df=}}
3. ^{{cite web | title = Maillot jaune Lance Armstrong speaks, July 24, 2004 | publisher = Cycling News | url = http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/road/2004/tour04/?id=features/interviews/lance_armstrong1904 | date = 2004-07-24 | accessdate = 2009-08-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171201031310/http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/road/2004/tour04/?id=features%2Finterviews%2Flance_armstrong1904 | archive-date = 2017-12-01 | dead-url = no | df = }}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/road/2003/tour03/|title=Tour de France - July 5-27, 2003|accessdate=15 March 2015|work=Cyclingnews|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605064945/http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/road/2003/tour03/|archive-date=2011-06-05|dead-url=no|df=}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pezcyclingnews.com/features/tour-de-france-wildcards-no-cipo/|title=Tour De France Wildcards: No Cipo’!|first=Gordan|last=Cameron|date=19 May 2003|accessdate=15 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402093245/http://www.pezcyclingnews.com/features/tour-de-france-wildcards-no-cipo/|archive-date=2015-04-02|dead-url=no|df=}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/news/?id=2003/may03/may19news2|title=Tour selection leaves Cipollini in the cold|first=Jeff|last=Jones|work=Cyclingnews|date=19 May 2003|accessdate=15 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402182508/http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/news/?id=2003%2Fmay03%2Fmay19news2|archive-date=2015-04-02|dead-url=no|df=}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1978_2005/tdf2003.php|publisher=Mémoire du cyclisme|title=90ème Tour de France 2003|language=French|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120901150904/http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1978_2005/tdf2003.php|archive-date=2012-09-01|access-date=26 September 2016|df=dmy-all|dead-url=yes}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html#2003 |title=Tour de France GC top ten |first=Arian |last=Zwegers |publisher=CVCC |accessdate=15 Aug 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5hQnRPAvL?url=http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html |archivedate=2009-06-10 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
9. ^{{cite web|last=Gilmour|first=Rod|title=Tour de France 2011, stage 16|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/othersports/cycling/tour-de-france/8649530/Tour-de-France-2011-stage-16-as-it-happened.html|publisher=Daily Telegraph|accessdate=12 July 2013|date=19 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104193551/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/othersports/cycling/tour-de-france/8649530/Tour-de-France-2011-stage-16-as-it-happened.html|archive-date=2014-01-04|dead-url=no|df=}}
10. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/30/sports/cycling-effects-of-a-crash-landing-are-still-hampering-beloki.html | title=Effects of a Crash Landing Are Still Hampering Beloki | author=Samuel Abt | newspaper=New York Times | date=30 May 2004 | accessdate=23 August 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090719185246/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/30/sports/cycling-effects-of-a-crash-landing-are-still-hampering-beloki.html | archive-date=2009-07-19 | dead-url=no | df= }}
11. ^{{cite web | url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/features.php?id=features/2003/josebabeloki | title=Change and challenge for Joseba Beloki | work=Cycling News | author=Chris Henry | date=17 November 2003 | accessdate=23 August 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100826021927/http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/features.php?id=features%2F2003%2Fjosebabeloki | archive-date=2010-08-26 | dead-url=no | df= }}
12. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/othersports/lance-armstrong-faces-lifetime-ban-from-usada-tour-de-france-titles-in-jeopardy/2012/08/24/053a2320-ed98-11e1-9ddc-340d5efb1e9c_story.html| title=Lance Armstrong will be banned from cycling by USADA after saying he won’t fight doping charges| work=The Washington Post| date=24 August 2012| accessdate=24 August 2012| archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6BTjRbmOi?url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/othersports/lance-armstrong-faces-lifetime-ban-from-usada-tour-de-france-titles-in-jeopardy/2012/08/24/053a2320-ed98-11e1-9ddc-340d5efb1e9c_story.html| archive-date=2012-10-17| dead-url=no| df=}}
13. ^{{cite web|title=USADA to ban Armstrong for life, strip Tour titles|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-400_162-57499550/usada-to-ban-armstrong-for-life-strip-tour-titles|work=CBS News|accessdate=24 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120824162637/http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-400_162-57499550/usada-to-ban-armstrong-for-life-strip-tour-titles/|archive-date=2012-08-24|dead-url=no|df=}}
14. ^{{cite web|title=Tour de France 2003 – Leaders overview|url=https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/tour-de-france/2003/gc/stages/leaders-overview|website=ProCyclingStats|accessdate=16 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190216221900/https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/tour-de-france/2003/gc/stages/leaders-overview|archive-date=16 February 2019|dead-url=no}}
15. ^{{cite web|last=van den Akker|first=Pieter|title=Informatie over de Tour de France van 2003|trans-title=Information about the Tour de France from 2003|url=http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=2003|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302052713/http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=2003|archivedate=2 March 2019|language=Dutch|website=TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl|accessdate=2 March 2019|dead-url=no}}
16. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|last=Maloney|first=Tim|title= Man Alive! Armstrong goes five out of five |url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/road/2003/tour03/?id=results/stage20 |website=Cyclingnews.com |accessdate=7 October 2009 |date=27 July 2003 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5kOzYhIGW?url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/road/2003/tour03/?id=results%2Fstage20 |archivedate=9 October 2009 |deadurl=no |df= }}

References

{{Reflist|30em}}

Bibliography

  • {{cite book|first=Jacques|last=Augendre|author-link=Jacques Augendre|url=http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf|title=Guide historique|trans-title=Historical guide|year=2016|language=French|access-date=27 October 2016|format=PDF|work=Tour de France|location=Paris|publisher=Amaury Sport Organisation|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817121602/http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf|archive-date=17 August 2016|dead-url=no|ref={{harvid|Augendre|2016}}}}
  • {{cite book|title=Le règlement et les prix|trans-title=The regulations and prizes|url=http://www.letour.fr/2003/docs/reglement2003_full_fr_us.pdf|work=Tour de France|location=Paris|publisher=Amaury Sport Organisation|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030917020437/http://www.letour.fr/2003/docs/reglement2003_full_fr_us.pdf|archive-date=17 September 2003|dead-url=yes|accessdate=4 March 2019|year=2004|ref={{harvid|Race regulations|2003}}}}

Further reading

  • {{cite book|last=Wilcockson|first=John|authorlink=John Wilcockson|title=The 2003 Tour de France|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Uy8IAAAACAAJ|year=2003|publisher=VeloPress|location=Boulder, CO|isbn=978-1-931382-26-7}}

External links

{{Commons category|Tour de France 2003|2003 Tour de France}}
  • {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031001173400/http://www.letour.fr/2003/us/index.html |date=1 October 2003 |title=Official website }}
  • 2003 Tour de France at Cyclingnews.com
{{Cycling stage recaps|2003 Tour de France|P|9|10|20}}{{Tour de France}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:2003 Tour De France}}

4 : 2003 Tour de France|2003 in French sport|Tour de France by year|July 2003 sports events in Europe
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