“Boesmansgat”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Boesmansgat

释义

Deaths
In literature
References

Boesmansgat, also known in English as "Bushman's Hole", is a deep submerged freshwater cave (or sinkhole) in the Northern Cape province of South Africa, which has been dived to a depth of {{convert|282.6|m|ft}}.

Boesmansgat was believed to have first been explored by amateur diver Mike Rathbourne, in 1977. The greatest depth attained was by Nuno Gomes, in 1996. Its altitude of over {{convert|1500|m|ft|0}} makes this a particularly challenging dive, requiring a decompression schedule equivalent for a dive to {{convert|339|m|ft}} at sea level.^[1] (Gomes' dive was a close call, as he got stuck in the mud on the bottom of Bushman's Hole for two minutes before escaping.^[2])

On 24 November 2004, Verna van Schaik set the Guinness Woman's World Record for the deepest dive with a dive to {{convert|221|m|ft}}.^[2]

Deaths

In 1993, Eben Leyden died after blacking out at {{convert|60|m|ft|0}}.^[3])
In 1994, while helping a team prepare for a dive, Deon Dreyer died on ascent at a depth of {{convert|50|m|ft|0}}.^[3]^[4]^[5] Dreyer's body remained in the cave until being discovered ten years later at a depth of {{convert|270|m|ft|0}} by renowned cave diver David Shaw.
On 8 January 2005, David Shaw died while attempting to recover Dreyer's body. (Shaw's close friend and support diver, Don Shirley, nearly died as well and was left with permanent ear damage that has impaired his balance.^[3]) On 12 January 2005, Dreyer and Shaw's bodies were ultimately recovered near the surface, while part of the staff was recovering part of the technical equipment.^[4]^[5]

In literature

In Mo Hayder's novel Ritual (2008), the death of the parents of one of the protagonists while diving in Bushman's Hole is an important plot device.{{cn|date=September 2017}}

References

1. ^{{cite web |first=Martyn |last=Farr |title=South Africa – Bushmansgat |date=8 February 2007 |url=http://www.nunogomes.co.za/record.htm |accessdate=2010-04-30}}
2. ^{{cite web|title=Deepest scuba dive (female)|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/deepest-scuba-dive-(female)|website=Guinness World Records|accessdate=26 January 2017}}
3. ^¹²³{{cite news|work=Outside Magazine|title=Raising the Dead|author=Zimmermann, Tim|date=August 1, 2005|url=http://www.outsideonline.com/adventure-travel/africa/south-africa/Raising-the-Dead.html}}
4. ^¹{{cite news|url=http://www.thisamericanlife.org/radio-archives/episode/515/good-guys?act=3|work=This American Life|title=Episode 515: Good Guys, Act 3}}
5. ^¹{{cite news|url= https://www.npr.org/2014/10/31/360358240/where-no-one-should-go|work=Snap Judgment|title=Where No One Should Go|date=October 31, 2014|publisher=NPR.org|author=Washington, Glynn}}

{{coord|27|55|18|S|23|38|30|E|type:landmark_region:ZA|display=title}}{{Underwater-diving-stub}}

3 : Caves of South Africa|Underwater diving sites in South Africa|Sinkholes of Africa

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