“Botswana Defence Force Air Wing”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Botswana Defence Force Air Wing is the air arm of the Botswana Defence Force of Botswana in southern Africa.

Overview

The Air Wing was formed in 1977 and is organisationally part of the Botswana Defence Force.

All squadrons are designated with a Z, which is used as a designation for "squadron". The main base is near Molepolole and was built by mostly foreign contractors between 1992 and 1996. The base is a multi-stage project that included runways, taxiways, extensive shelter and ordnance storage facilities, a headquarters facility and a large complex of living quarters and support buildings. Sometimes referred to as the "Eagle" project, the base has received continual improvements since its inception. Other airports used are Sir Seretse Khama International Airport at Gaborone and Francistown.

The backbone of the Air Wing consists of a squadron of former Canadian CF-116s which are locally designated as BF-5s. Thirteen ex-Canadian CF-116s (ten single-seater CF-5As and three trainer CF-5Bs) were ordered in 1996 to replace the Strikemasters, with another three single-seaters and two dual-seaters delivered in 2000.{{#tag:ref|Only 14 CF-5s (both single- and dual-seat versions) remain in service in 2009.^[1]|group=Note}} The aircraft were re-designated OJ-1 through 16. For transport, the Air Wing uses Britten-Norman Defenders, CASA C-212 Aviocars, CASA CN-235s and C-130B Hercules. The latest addition to the transport fleet was an ex-AMARC C-130 Hercules to complement the two existing aircraft.^[1]

A combination of Bell 412EP and 412SP helicopters are operated by Z21 and perform a variety of functions, including search and rescue, medivac, anti-poaching and troop/VIP transport. In 1993, nine ex-US Army/AMARC Cessna O-2As were delivered for use against poaching.

The Air Wing has acquired 14 Bat Hawk Surveillance Aircraft. 6 of which will be used by the BDF for border patrols and day to day reconnaissance. 4 will be used by the Botswana Police Services and 4 by the department of wildlife and parks. The main role being anti poaching.{{cn|date=December 2018}}

In 2011, Pilatus Aircraft Ltd announced that the Botswana Defence Force had selected the PC-7 MkII turboprop trainer aircraft to replace their Pilatus PC-7 fleet which has been in service since 1990. The contract value is approximately 40 million Swiss francs to procure a fleet of five PC-7 MkII turboprop trainer aircraft, with ground-based training system including computer-based training, spares, support equipment, as well as pilot and technician conversion training elements. The contract was signed in Gaborone on 13 April 2011.^[2]

Botswana is also believed to operate Elbit Systems Silver Arrow^[3] and Elbit Hermes 450 UAVs.^[4]

Aircraft

Current inventory

Retired aircraft

Previous aircraft operated by the Air Force were the Cessna 150, Britten-Norman BN-2 Islander, Scottish Aviation Bulldog, and Short Skyvans^[8]

Accidents and incidents

Organization

Maparangwane Air Base and Francistown are the only full airbases in Botswana, Sir Seretse Khama International Airport is a civilian airport and Francistown Airport is a joint civilian/military airfield with ownership by the BDF since 2011.^[13]

Air defence command and control system

In 2005 Botswana Defence Force (BDF) awarded the Spanish company Indra a €7.1 million contract for the development and implementation of a full air defence command and control system. The project included the development and implementation of an operational control centre, composed of a total of nine air traffic tracking and control posts to process and concentrate the information regarding the country's air space being provided by air surveillance radars, radio communication links with the airships, and air traffic management civil systems.^[14]^[15]

Notes

1. ^¹{{cite journal |year=2009 |title=Jane's Sentinel Country Risk Assessments Southern Africa|journal= |volume= |issue=26 |pages=94–96 |publisher=Jane's Information Group |doi= |issn=1754-9256 }}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2011/04/25/Botswana-buys-Swiss-trainers/UPI-51061303744131/|title=Botswana buys Swiss trainers|publisher=upi.com business news|accessdate=2011-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110829050654/http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2011/04/25/Botswana-buys-Swiss-trainers/UPI-51061303744131|archive-date=29 August 2011|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2001/03/20/127601/botswana-builds-uav-surveillance-force.html |title=Botswana builds UAV surveillance force |date=20 March 2001 |work=Flightglobal |publisher=Reed Business Information |quote=According to sources in Botswana, the southern African country recently signed a contract to purchase at least three short-range systems from Silver Arrow |accessdate=2011-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930030752/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2001/03/20/127601/botswana-builds-uav-surveillance-force.html |archive-date=30 September 2007 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/06/05/214395/singapore-seals-deal-for-hermes-450-uavs.html |title=Singapore seals deal for Hermes 450 UAVs |author=Peter La Franchi |date=5 June 2007 |work=Flightglobal |publisher=Reed Business Information |access-date=9 June 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930031626/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/06/05/214395/singapore-seals-deal-for-hermes-450-uavs.html |archive-date=30 September 2007 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
5. ^{{cite web|last =|first =|url =https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-2019-world-air-forces-directory-454126/|title =World Air Forces 2019|work =|publisher =Flightglobal Insight|year =2019|doi =|accessdate =4 December 2018|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20190123181847/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-2019-world-air-forces-directory-454126/|archive-date =23 January 2019|dead-url =no|df =dmy-all}}
6. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.xairforces.net/galleryd.asp?id=5&galleryid=360 |title= Gulfstream IV/G400/G450 |publisher= xairforces.net |date= |accessdate= 12 January 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160419115641/http://www.xairforces.net/galleryd.asp?id=5&galleryid=360 |archive-date= 19 April 2016 |dead-url= no |df= dmy-all }}
7. ^{{citation |journal=Flight International |date=16–22 November 2004 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2004/2004-09%20-%202339.html |title=World Air Forces 2004 |page=46 |publisher=flightglobal.com |accessdate=31 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150114212859/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2004/2004-09%20-%202339.html |archive-date=14 January 2015 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
8. ^{{cite web |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1981/1981%20-%202500.html |title= World Air Forces 1981 pg. 328 |publisher= flightglobal.com |date= |accessdate= 1 January 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180102073741/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1981/1981%20-%202500.html |archive-date= 2 January 2018 |dead-url= no |df= dmy-all }}
9. ^[https://www.google.co.bw/search?q=bdf+pc7+crash&oq=bdf+pc7+crash&aqs=chrome..69i57.5424j0j1&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8# "BDF assists plane crash victims."] dailynews.gov.bw, Retrieved 21 September 2017.
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=12460|title=A Botswana Defence Force (BDF) Ecureuil helicopter crashed this morning (27/6/14). Two pilots who were on board the aircraft were taken to Thebephatshwa Hospital in a conscious condition.|publisher=Prince Kangwane|accessdate=21 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921095005/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=12460|archive-date=21 September 2017|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
11. ^"BDF plane crashes, kills 3." {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217062604/http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=66563&dir=2017%2Ffebruary%2F10 |date=17 December 2018 }} mmegi.bw, 10 February 2017. Retrieved 21 September 2017.
12. ^ [https://twitter.com/bwgovernment/status/989848889481146369?s=21 “PRESS RELEASE - BDF BF5 FIGHTER AIRCRAFT CRASH.”] Retrieved 27 April 2018
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=169&dir=2011/September/Thursday8|title=Armed forces inherit old Francistown Airport|author=Patricia Edwin|accessdate=21 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921095639/http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=169&dir=2011%2FSeptember%2FThursday8|archive-date=21 September 2017|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.indra.es/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/Render&inifile=futuretense.ini&c=SalaPrensa_FA&cid=1103830050408&p=1083830063846&pid=1083830063846&Language=en_GB&mes=January&ay=2005&retorno=Url:listadoProyecto|title=Indra is awarded Botswana's air defence control system|accessdate=21 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720142253/http://www.indra.es/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=OpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FRender&inifile=futuretense.ini&c=SalaPrensa_FA&cid=1103830050408&p=1083830063846&pid=1083830063846&Language=en_GB&mes=January&ay=2005&retorno=Url%3AlistadoProyecto|archive-date=20 July 2011|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/articles/Janes-Land-Based-Air-Defence/Botswana-Botswana.html|title=Botswana (Botswana) – Jane's Land-Based Air Defence|publisher=Janes.com|date=4 April 2011|accessdate=21 September 2017}}