| 词条 | Box-office bomb |
| 释义 |
In the motion picture industry, a box-office bomb or box-office flop is a film that is considered highly unsuccessful or unprofitable during its theatrical run, often following significant hype regarding its cost, production, or marketing efforts.[1][2] Generally, any film for which the production and marketing costs exceed the combined revenue recovered after release is considered to have "bombed".[3] Box-office bomb is a subjective term, as gauging the financial success of a film is difficult. There is also no reliable definition of the term. Not all films that fail to earn back their estimated costs during their theatrical runs are considered "bombs".[2] The label is generally applied to films that miss earnings projections by a wide margin, particularly when they are very expensive to produce. Although this often occurs in conjunction with middling or poor reviews, critical reception has an imperfect connection to box-office performance.[4]Causes of a film's failureNegative word of mouthBeginning in the 1980s, cinemas started to drop films that suffered a poor opening weekend.{{citation needed|date=April 2019}} This made the performance of a film on its opening weekend much more crucial to its perception.{{citation needed|date=February 2018}} External circumstancesOccasionally, films may underperform because of issues unrelated to the film itself. These issues commonly relate to the timing of the film's release. This was one of the reasons for the commercial failure of Intolerance, D. W. Griffith's follow-up to The Birth of a Nation. Owing to production delays, the film was not released until late 1916, a time when the widespread anti-war sentiment it reflected had started to shift in favor of American entry into World War I.[5] Another example of external events sinking a film is the 2015 docudrama about FIFA entitled United Passions. It was released in theaters in the United States at the same time FIFA's leaders were under investigation for fraud and corruption, and the film grossed only $918 at the US box office in its opening weekend.[6] The comedian John Oliver lampooned the film asking "Who makes a sports film where heroes are the executives?"[7] Other issues such as general economic malaise may cause less disposable income for potential filmgoers, resulting in fewer ticket sales.{{citation needed|date=November 2018}} Also, many films that open during times of national crisis and just after disasters such as the 2001 September 11 attacks and Hurricane Harvey underperform at the box office.[8][9] High production costsSometimes a film may do reasonably well at the box office but still be considered a bomb due to a large budget. This was the case for the film Heaven's Gate, which famously went three months over schedule and saw its budget mushroom from $7.5 million to $36 million.[10] Another example is 2005's Sahara cost over $241 million to make (including marketing and distribution), due in part to exorbitant production costs. It took in $122 million, usually enough to be successful. However, in this case, this accounted for barely over half of its expenses.[11] In 2012, Disney reported losses of $200 million on John Carter. The film had made a considerable $234 million worldwide, but this was far short of its $250 million budget plus worldwide advertising.[12] Recovery of flopsFilms which are initially viewed as "flops" may recover income elsewhere. Several films have underperformed in the United States, but have been sufficiently successful internationally to recoup losses or even become financial successes.[13][14] Films may also recover money through international distribution, sales to television syndication, and distribution outside of cinemas (download, DVD, pay-per-view).[15] Other films have succeeded long after cinema release by becoming cult films or being re-evaluated over time. High-profile films fitting this description include Blade Runner and The Shawshank Redemption, which both lost money at the box office, but have since become highly popular.[16] Studios pushed into financial troubleIn extreme cases, a single film's lackluster performance can push a studio into financial losses, bankruptcy or closure. Examples of this include: United Artists (Heaven's Gate)[17] and Carolco Pictures (Cutthroat Island).[18] The underperformance of The Golden Compass was seen as a significant factor in influencing Warner Bros.' decision to take direct control of New Line Cinema.[19] In 2011, Mars Needs Moms was the last film released by ImageMovers Digital before it got absorbed by ImageMovers to a loss of nearly $140 million – the largest box-office bomb of all time in nominal dollar terms. Despite this loss, the decision to close the production company had been made a year prior to the film's release.[20] Independent filmsThe 2006 independent movie Zyzzyx Road made just $30 at the US box office. The film, with a budget of $1.2 million and starring Tom Sizemore and Katherine Heigl, owes its tiny revenue to its limited box-office release – just six days in a single theater in Dallas for the purpose of meeting Screen Actors Guild requirements – rather than its ability to attract viewers.[21][22] According to co-star Leo Grillo, it sold six tickets, two of which were to cast members.[23] Previously, the British film Offending Angels had become notorious for taking in less than £100 (~$150[24]) at the box office.[25] It had a £70,000 (~$105,000[24]) budget but was panned by critics including the BBC, who called it a "truly awful pile of garbage",[26] and Total Film, who called it "irredeemable".[27] In 2011, the film The Worst Movie Ever! opened to just $11 at the US box office. It played in only one theater.[28] See also{{portal|Film}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.filmsite.org/greatestflops.html |title=Greatest Box-Office Bombs, Disasters and Flops |publisher=Filmsite.org |date= |accessdate=2013-03-06}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2012/03/20/The-15-Biggest-Box-Office-Bombs.html |title=The 15 Biggest Box Office Bombs |publisher=Cnbc.com |date=2010-08-23 |accessdate=2013-03-06}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://theforrester.wordpress.com/2008/05/12/top-220-biggest-box-office-bombs-wost-movies-with-respect-to-box-office-gross/ |title=Top 200 Biggest Box Office Bombs. Worst movies with respect to Box Office Gross. | Life & Times |publisher=Theforrester.wordpress.com |date=2008-05-12 |accessdate=2013-03-06}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/as-battleship-flops-ten-other-memorable-box-office-bombs-20120521 |title=As 'Battleship' Flops: Ten Other Memorable Box-Office Bombs | The Playlist |publisher=Blogs.indiewire.com |date=1995-12-22 |accessdate=2013-03-06}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.filmsite.org/into.html|title=Intolerance (1916)|website=www.filmsite.org|language=en|access-date=2017-11-07}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.espnfc.com/fifa-world-cup/story/2496658/fifa-film-united-passions-the-worst-in-us-history|title=FIFA film 'United Passions' one of worst in U.S. box office history|date=June 18, 2015|publisher=ESPN|accessdate=June 18, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150618160721/http://www.espnfc.com/fifa-world-cup/story/2496658/fifa-film-united-passions-the-worst-in-us-history|archive-date=June 18, 2015|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}} 7. ^{{YouTube |id=DlJEt2KU33I |title="Last Week Tonight with John Oliver: FIFA and the World Cup (HBO)"}} 8. ^{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2017/film/news/box-office-hitmans-bodyguard-annabelle-creation-mayweather-mcgregor-hurricane-harvey-1202539879/|title=Box Office Disaster: Lackluster Releases, Mayweather-McGregor, Hurricane Harvey Create Slowest Weekend in Over 15 Years|last=Kelley|first=Seth|date=2017-08-27|work=Variety|access-date=2017-11-09|language=en-US}} 9. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.boxofficeguru.com/091701.htm |title=Weekend Box Office |publisher=Boxofficeguru.com |date=2001-09-17 |accessdate=2011-12-08}} 10. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.filminquiry.com/the-production-of-heavens-gate/|title=Unmaking of an Epic - The Production of Heaven's Gate|website=www.filminquiry.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-11-07}}{{Unreliable source?|date=November 2017}} 11. ^Glenn F. Bunting, Jurors hear tales of studio maneuvering, Los Angeles Times, March 5, 2007 12. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-17442200 | work=BBC News | title=John Carter flop to cost Walt Disney $200m | date=2012-03-20}} 13. ^{{cite web|last1=Mendelson|first1=Scott|title='Pacific Rim' And More Domestic "Flops" That Became Global Hits|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2013/09/02/pacific-rim-and-more-domestic-flops-that-became-global-hits/|publisher=Forbes|accessdate=19 August 2015}} 14. ^{{cite web |first=Mike |last=Fleming Jr. |title=Isn’t It Time To Take ‘Waterworld’ Off The All-Time Flop List? |date=August 7, 2013 |website=Deadline Hollywood|url=http://www.deadline.com/2013/08/isnt-it-time-to-take-waterworld-off-the-all-time-flop-list |accessdate=August 13, 2013}} 15. ^{{cite web|title=11 Beloved Movies That Were Box Office Flops|url=http://mentalfloss.com/article/59990/11-beloved-movies-were-box-office-flops|publisher=Mental Floss|accessdate=19 August 2015}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2013/jan/16/best-film-box-office-flop |title=Which film was the best box-office flop? |publisher=The Guardian |date=2013-01-16 |accessdate=2017-06-14}} 17. ^{{cite news |last1=Welkos |first1=Robert W. |title='Heaven's Gate': The film flop that reshaped Hollywood |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-heavens-gate-flop-archive-20040612-snap-story.html |accessdate=25 December 2018 |work=latimes.com}} 18. ^{{cite news |last1=Sterngold |first1=James |title=Debacle on the High Seas |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/31/movies/debacle-on-the-high-seas.html |accessdate=25 December 2018 |work=The New York Times |date=31 March 1996}} 19. ^{{cite web |last=Davis |first=Erik |url=http://blog.moviefone.com/2008/02/28/breaking-new-line-cinema-says-goodbye/ |title=Breaking: New Line Cinema Says Goodbye! |publisher=Cinematical.com |date=2008-02-28 |accessdate=2011-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028005801/http://blog.moviefone.com/2008/02/28/breaking-new-line-cinema-says-goodbye/# |archive-date=2012-10-28 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 20. ^{{cite news | first=Nikki | last=Finke | url=http://www.deadline.com/2010/03/disney-closing-zemeckis-digital-studio-in-2011/ | title=Disney Closing Zemeckis' Digital Studio | website=Deadline Hollywood | date=2010-03-12 | accessdate=2010-11-21}} 21. ^{{cite news | last = Faraci | first = Devin | title = What if they released a movie and nobody came? | work = CHUD.com | date= 2006-12-31 | url = http://www.chud.com/8378/WHAT-IF-THEY-RELEASED-A-MOVIE-AND-NOBODY-CAME/ | accessdate = 2007-01-02 }} 22. ^{{cite news | title = The Strange and Twisted Tale of ... The Movie That Grossed $30.00 | url = http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20011268,00.html | accessdate = 2008-01-24 | work=Entertainment Weekly | first=Rob | last=Brunner | date=2007-02-09}} 23. ^{{cite news | last = Mueller | first = Andrew | title = This Film Is Absolute Dross – People Are Going to Love It! | work = The Guardian | date= 2007-01-16 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/film/2007/jan/15/features.features11 | accessdate = 2007-01-15 | location=London}} 24. ^1 {{cite web |first=Lawrence H. |last=Officer |title=Dollar-Pound Exchange Rate From 1791: 2000–2002 |publisher=MeasuringWorth |url=http://www.measuringworth.com/datasets/exchangepound/result.php?year_source=2000&year_result=2002 |accessdate=November 9, 2017}} 25. ^{{cite news |last = logboy |first = |title = Offending Angels. £70k Budget, £89 Box Office. 8 DVD Sales to Double its Takings |work = Twitch.net |date = 2006-02-03 |url = http://twitchfilm.com/news/2006/02/offending-angels-70k-budget-89-box-office-8-dvd-sales-to-double-its-takings.php |accessdate = 2007-01-16 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110524001729/http://twitchfilm.com/news/2006/02/offending-angels-70k-budget-89-box-office-8-dvd-sales-to-double-its-takings.php# |archive-date = 2011-05-24 |dead-url = yes |df = }} 26. ^{{cite news | last = Russell | first = Jamie | title = Offending Angels (2002) | work = BBC | date= 2002-04-10 | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/films/2002/04/10/offending_angels_2002_review.shtml | accessdate = 2007-01-16 }} 27. ^{{cite news | last = Harley | first = Kevin | title = Offending Angels film review | work = Total Film | date= May 2002 | url = http://www.totalfilm.com/reviews/cinema/offending-angels | accessdate = 2007-01-16 }} 28. ^{{cite web |title=The Worst Movie Ever! (2011) |url=http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=worstmovieever.htm |publisher=Box Office Mojo |accessdate=25 August 2011}} External links{{Wiktionary|box-office bomb|flop}}
2 : Film box office|Film and video terminology |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。