| 词条 | Botolan language | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name=Botolan |altname=Botolan Sambal |states=Philippines |region=some parts of Zambales province, Luzon |speakers=33,000 |date=2000 |ref=e18 |familycolor=Austronesian |fam2=Malayo-Polynesian |fam3=Philippine |fam4=Central Luzon |fam5=Sambalic |agency=Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino |iso3=sbl |glotto=boto1242 |glottorefname=Botolan Sambal |notice=IPA |map=Botolan_Sambal_language_map.png |mapcaption=Area where Botolan Sambal is spoken according to Ethnologue }} Botolan is a Sambalic language spoken by 32,867 (SIL 2000) Sambal, primarily in the Zambal municipalities of Botolan and Cabangan in the Philippines. VarietiesThe Ayta people of sitio Villar, Botolan, and sitio Kakilingan, Santa Fe, Cabangan also speak a Botolan dialect with some unique lexical items.[1] Phonology{{IPA notice}}Botolan has 20 phonemes: 16 consonants and four vowels. Syllable structure is relatively simple. Each syllable contains at least a consonant and a vowel.{{citation needed|date=October 2015}} VowelsBotolan has four vowels. They are:
There are five main diphthongs: {{IPA|/aɪ/}}, {{IPA|/uɪ/}}, {{IPA|/aʊ/}}, /ij/, and {{IPA|/iʊ/}}. ConsonantsBelow is a chart of Botolan consonants. All the stops are unaspirated. The velar nasal occurs in all positions including at the beginning of a word.
Note: Consonants {{IPA|/d/}} and {{IPA|/ɾ/}} can sometimes interchange as they were once allophones. StressStress is phonemic in Botolan. Stress on words is very important, they differentiate words with the same spellings, but with different meanings, e.g. hikó (I) and híko (elbow). Historical sound changesMany words pronounced with {{IPA|/s/}} and {{IPA|/ɡ/}} in Filipino have {{IPA|/h/}} and {{IPA|/j/}}, respectively, in their cognates in Botolan. Compare hiko and bayo with the Filipino siko and bago. Sample textsThe Lord’s PrayerVersion from MatthewTatay nawen ya anti ha katatag-ayan,Hay ngalan mo ay igalang dayi nin kaganawan. Andawaten nawen ya tampol kayna dayin mag-arí. Mangyari dayi ya kalabayan mo bayri ha babon lotá Bilang ombayro ha katatag-ayan. Hapa-{{not a typo|eg}} ay biyan mo kayin pamamangan ya angka-ilanganen nawen. Patawaren mo kayi ha kawkasalanan nawen bilang pamatawad nawen ha nakapagkasalanan konnawen. Agmo kayi biyan ma-irap ya pagsobok boy ipakarayó mo kayi koni Satanas.[2] Philippine national proverbBelow is a translation in Botolan of the Philippine national proverb[3] “He who does not acknowledge his beginnings will not reach his destination,” followed by the original in Filipino.
See also
References1. ^{{Cite journal |last=Himes |first=Ronald S. |date=2012 |title=The Central Luzon Group of Languages |journal=Oceanic Linguistics |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=490–537|jstor=23321866 |doi=10.1353/ol.2012.0013 }} 2. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.christusrex.org/www1/pater/JPN-sambal-botolan.html |title=Botolan Sambal |access-date=2007-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929140636/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/pater/JPN-sambal-botolan.html# |archive-date=2007-09-29 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 3. ^{{Cite web |url=http://iloko.tripod.com/philproverb.html |title=National Philippine Proverb in Various Philippine Languages |website=Carl Rubino's homepage}}
External links
2 : Sambalic languages|Languages of Zambales |
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