“Breakdown (Mariah Carey song)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

"Breakdown" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey. The song features rap verses by Bone Thugs-n-Harmony. It was released on March 22, 1998, by Columbia Records as the fourth single from her sixth studio album Butterfly (1997). Similar to the treatments of "Butterfly" and The Roof", "Breakdown" received a limited worldwide release due to Carey's conflict at the time with Sony. The song's lyrics describe the emotions someone feels when their lover suddenly stops loving and leaves them, and the pain, or breakdown, it causes the person. The song was well received by contemporary music critics.

In the accompanying music video, Carey goes through a variety of different colorful outfits, with matching make-up. Of the many changes, two scenes predominantly occupy the video. The first in Carey dressed in flamenco style clothing, while dancing on a chair with two other female dancers. The other features Carey and Bone Thugs-n-Harmony gambling in a casino. Carey performed the song live during select dates of her Butterfly World Tour in 1998 and Adventures of Mimi Tour in 2006. Due to the song's limited release, "Breakdown" did not chart in most major music markets, with the exception of Australia and New Zealand, where it peaked at numbers 38 and four, respectively. In the US, due to Billboard rules at the time, the song was unable to chart on the Hot 100, but charted at number 53 on the Hot 100 Airplay Chart.

Background

Carey recorded the song at the Hit Factory in New York City, throughout 1997.^[1]^[2] "Breakdown" was one of the first of Carey's album tracks to veer in a hip hop direction, and many were surprised when she contacted Bone Thugs-n-Harmony to record the song because she was considered more of a R&B/adult contemporary artist.

According to author Chris Nickson, "Breakdown" was an important component of Butterfly: "'Breakdown' showed Mariah treading forcefully into territory that was new for her and making it her own; it had a melody that simmered under her vocal, and a groove that was irresistible."^[1] When Carey began recording the album, she had slow and sultry ballads such as "Whenever You Call" and "Butterfly," but also had big R&B and hip-hop like "Honey". For this reason, Carey recorded "Breakdown" in order to fill in the midsection of the album, and serve as the album's "backbone."^[1]

Controversy

"Breakdown" was the source of controversy when it came to its release. Carey was having a conflict with Columbia over the singles choices, as they were already not happy with the album's hip-hop transition.^[7] Later, in 1998 when Carey was composing the songs for her first compilation album, #1's, the song was again one of the reasons for continued conflict within the label. They disagreed on what content should compose the album.^[7] Sony wanted to release an album that featured her US number one singles, void of any new material. Carey on the other hand, felt that a greatest hits album should reflect on her most personal and favorite songs, not her most commercial.^[7] To accompany her thirteen number ones, Carey recorded four new songs. She felt that not including any new material would result in cheating her fans, therefore including some new material as well.^[3] While compromised, Carey often expressed distaste towards the album's song selection, expressing her disappointment in the omission of her "favorite songs."^[3]

For this reason, Sony titled the album #1's, as Carey felt the need to express the album's true content, a collection of her number one hits.^[3] Carey has frequently cited "Underneath the Stars" (1996) and "Breakdown" (1997) as examples of songs she was unsuccessful in releasing.^[4]

Composition and remixes

"Breakdown" is a slow and sultry song, which blends hip-hop and contemporary R&B genres.^[5] It incorporates drum notes, including heavy beats and grooves.^[1] The song features rap verses from two of the five members of Bone Thugs-N-Harmony, Krayzie Bone and Wish Bone. As part of "layering the song," background vocals are featured throughout the chorus and sections of the bridge. It is set in the signature common time, and is written in the key of E major.^[6] It features a basic chord progression of A{{music|flat}}-F{{music|flat}}-₁.^[6] Carey's vocal range in the song spans from the note of B₂ to the high note of F{{music|sharp}}₅; the piano and guitar pieces range from F{{music|flat}}₃ to G{{music|flat}}₅ as well.^[6] The song contains choral lyrics written by Carey, who produced the song's melody and chorus as well. Aside from assisting with its writing and chord progression, Combs and Stevie co-arranged and produced the track as well.^[5]

A different edit of the song, titled The Mo' Thugs remix, features longer raps from Krayzie and Wish Bone and an intro and verse from Layzie Bone, who was absent from the original mix. This version can be found on Bone Thugs-n-Harmony's compilation The Collection Volume One.^[5]

Critical reception

"Breakdown" garnered positive reviews from local critics. David Browne from Entertainment Weekly praised the song, writing "for most of the album she keeps her notorious octave-climbing chops at bay. Showing some admirable restraint, she nestles herself into downy-soft beats. In 'Breakdown', she demonstrates she can match the staccato, lite-reggae phrasing of her guests, two members of Bone Thugs-n-Harmony."^[7] Rich Juzwiak from Slant called "Breakdown" "the song of Carey's career," noting its "lyrical strokes as broad and obvious as they are naked. Mariah the chanter flawlessly adapts to their singsong style, largely boxing her multi-octave range into a sly, hypnotic melody so that when she really wails at the end, you really feel it. As with 'The Roof', Carey lunges toward musical maturity by embracing, not shunning hip-hop. This is the height of her elegance and maybe hip-hop-soul's, too."^[8]

Chart performance

It was released as the album's third single in 1998 in the United States, Canada, New Zealand and Australia only (in Europe, "The Roof" was chosen as the third single instead).^[1] Because of conflict between Carey and her record label at the time, Sony Music Entertainment, it was only given a commercial release in Australia, where it performed modestly and remained in the top 40 for three weeks. A remix of the song was promoted to U.S. radio stations and debuted on Billboard magazine's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay chart in September–October 1997. However, it wasn't released commercially in the U.S. until April 1998, as a double A-side with "My All."^[1] It reached the top five on the Billboards Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart as "My All/Breakdown." However, the song itself independently appeared on the Billboard Hot 100 Airplay chart and reached the top twenty on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay and Rhythmic Airplay Chart charts.^[1] In New Zealand, the song performed well, peaking at number four and being certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand (RIANZ), denoting shipments of over 7,500 units.^[9]

Music video

The single's video (released in March 1998) was directed by Carey with the assistance of Diane Martel.^[5] It sees her take on the role of various "casino girl" roles, including a cabaret girl, showgirl, cowgirl and lucky charm. The members of Bone Thugs-n-Harmony, except for Bizzy Bone, make appearances as well.^[5] In the video, Carey plays her part a cabaret girl, by dancing on a chair, accompanied by two other females. other scenes include Carey in a main casino hall, where Wish and Krayzie Bone make appearances. While they gamble with a large crowd surrounding them, Carey lounges on the table and cheers for them.^[5]

Live performances

Carey performed the song live during her 1998 Butterfly World Tour. Throughout the performances, Carey wore a short beige outfit and long semi-teased up hair, accompanied by male and female dancers.^[10] During the song's act, Carey would slowly sway hand-in-hand with other male dancers, giving the illusion of sultry compassion.^[11] Carey performed the song A Capella in Chicago during her 2000 Rainbow World Tour. During her Adventures of Mimi Tour in 2006, Carey performed the song during select dates on the tour. The performance included many exotic female dancers, performing seductive pole dances and other similar routines. Carey, while singing, danced light routines on a chair, while wearing a red one piece suit.^[12] The song was also performed on select dates of Carey's 2014 The Elusive Chanteuse Show tour.^[13]

Track listing and formats

Credits and personnel

Charts and certifications

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications and sales

References

1. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷{{harvnb|Nickson|1998|pp=167–168}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1426980/19970219/carey_mariah.jhtml|title=Mariah Carey Rolls Out Crave Records|work=MTV Networks|publisher=MTV|date=February 19, 1997|accessdate=November 13, 2010}}
3. ^¹²³⁴⁵{{harvnb|Shapiro|2001|p=116}}
4. ^¹{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jisEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA96&lpg=PA96&dq=Everybody+swung+it+like+I+didn't+want+to+put+something+out+because+I+wouldn't+accept+less+than+a+number+1+pop+single.+That's+not+even+true.+Like+I+didn't+want+to+'break+a+streak'#v=onepage&q=Everybody%20swung%20it%20like%20I%20didn't%20want%20to%20put%20something%20out%20because%20I%20wouldn't%20accept%20less%20than%20a%20number%201%20pop%20single.%20That's%20not%20even%20true.%20Like%20I%20didn't%20want%20to%20'break%20a%20streak'&f=false|title=Higher and Higher|work=Vibe|publisher=LLC|date=November 12, 1998|accessdate=September 28, 2010}}
5. ^¹²³⁴⁵{{harvnb|Nickson|1998|p=166}}
6. ^¹²{{harvnb|Abrego|1998|pp=30–35}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,289461,00.html|title=Music Review – Mariah Carey: Butterfly|last=Browne|first=David|work=Entertainment Weekly|date=September 19, 1997|accessdate=September 7, 2010}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/music_review.asp?ID=339|title=Music Review: Mariah Carey: Butterfly|last=Juzwiak|first=Rich|publisher=Slant Magazine|date=December 18, 2003|accessdate=September 7, 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091003231355/http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/music_review.asp?ID=339|archivedate=October 3, 2009|df=}}
9. ^{{cite book |last= Scapolo |first= Dean |coauthors= |title= The Complete New Zealand Music Charts 1966–2006 |publisher= |year= 2007 |month= |isbn= 978-1-877443-00-8}}
10. ^{{harvnb|Argenson|2010|pp=23–28}}
11. ^{{harvnb|Argenson|2010|pp=29–33}}
12. ^{{harvnb|Argenson|2010|pp=36–44}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.setlist.fm/setlist/mariah-carey/2014/makuhari-messe-chiba-japan-1bcf5998.html|title=Mariah Carey Concert Setlist at Makuhari Messe, Chiba on October 4, 2014 - setlist.fm|author=|date=|work=setlist.fm|accessdate=March 28, 2016}}
14. ^{{cite AV media notes|title=My All/Breakdown|others=Mariah Carey|date=1998|type=U.S. CD Single liner notes|publisher=Columbia Records|id=38K 78821}}
15. ^{{cite AV media notes|title=Breakdown|others=Mariah Carey|date=1998|type=CD Maxi-Single liner notes|publisher=Columbia Records|id=665531 2}}
16. ^{{cite AV media notes |title=Butterfly (Liner Notes) |titlelink=Butterfly (Mariah Carey album) |others=Mariah Carey |year=1997 |chapter= |first=Mariah |last=Carey |authorlink=Mariah Carey |coauthors= |type=Compact Disc |publisher=Columbia Records |location=New York City, New York |ref= }}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/90s/1998/BB-1998-12-26.pdf|archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20150228005356/http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/90s/1998/BB-1998-12-26.pdf|dead-url=yes|archive-date=February 28, 2015|title=The Year in Music: 1998|work=Billboard|date=December 26, 1998|accessdate=May 25, 2015|df=mdy-all}}