| 词条 | Bristol Biplane Type 'T' | ||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Bristol Biplane Type 'T', sometimes called the Challenger-Dickson Biplane, was a derivative of the Bristol Boxkite. It was built in 1911 by the British and Colonial Aeroplane Company and was designed as a cross-country racing aircraft for Maurice Tabuteau. DevelopmentThe Type 'T' was not a development of the Bristol Boxkite but did use some of the experience gained with the Boxkite. It was designed by George Challenger, with the assistance of practical advice from Captain Bertram Dickson, a prominent pilot of the day. It had the same "Farman" configuration as the Boxkite, differing principally in having an enclosed nacelle to house the pilot. The structure bearing the front elevator also differed substantially: the elevator was mounted lower down, level with the lower wing, and the undercarriage skids were continued forward and upwards to form part of the elevator mounting. The rear-mounted twin rudders were balanced, unlike those of the Boxkite. The first aircraft (Bristol No. 45) was built to compete in the 1911 Circuit de l'Europe race, with Maurice Tabuteau as pilot, and was powered by a {{convert|70|hp|kW|abbr=on}} Gnome Gamma rotary engine. Tabateau put up a creditable performance, and completed all of the race's nine stages.[1] Four more aircraft were built for 1911 Daily Mail Circuit of Britain Air Race. These differed from the design of No. 45 in having a modified nacelle and rudders placed further out, away from the slipstream of the engine.
Maurice Tabuteau also entered the race in the original Type T No. 45 but none of Type Ts finished the race. After the crash of No. 51 none of the Type Ts were flown again. An additional machine, No. 59, was modified by Gordon England as the Challenger-England biplane. One more aircraft, No. 78, was to be fitted with a 100 hp Gnome engine but was never completed. The Challenger-England biplaneUnder the direction of Gordon England one aircraft was later converted to a tractor configuration, powered by a {{convert|60|hp|kW|abbr=on}} E.N.V. Type F water-cooled V-8 engine. Specifications (Type 'T'){{aircraft specifications|plane or copter?=plane |jet or prop?=prop |ref=Bristol Aircraft Since 1910[3] |crew=1 |capacity= |length main=24 ft 6 in |length alt=7.47 m |span main=35 ft 0 in |span alt=10.67 m |height main= |height alt= |area main=350.0 ft² |area alt=32.52 m² |airfoil= |empty weight main=800 lb |empty weight alt= 350 kg |loaded weight main=1000 lb |loaded weight alt=450 kg |useful load main= |useful load alt= |max takeoff weight main= |max takeoff weight alt= |more general= |engine (prop)=Gnome Gamma |type of prop=air cooled rotary piston engine |number of props=1 |power main=70 hp |power alt=52 kW |power original= |max speed main=58 mph |max speed alt=88 km/h |cruise speed main= |cruise speed alt= |never exceed speed main= |never exceed speed alt= |stall speed main= |stall speed alt= |range main= |range alt= |ceiling main= |ceiling alt= |climb rate main= |climb rate alt= |loading main= |loading alt= |thrust/weight= |power/mass main= |power/mass alt= |more performance= |armament= |avionics= }} See also{{aircontent|related=
|similar aircraft= }} References1. ^{{cite newspaper The Times|articlename=The European Circuit: Final Order of Competitors|day_of_week= Monday|date=10 July 1911|section=News|column=B|issue=39633|page=12}} 2. ^{{Cite newspaper The Times|articlename=The Fatal Accident At Brooklands|section=News |date=3 August 1911|day_of_week=Thursday |page_number=4|issue=39654|column=A}} 3. ^Barnes, C.H. Bristol Aircraft Since 1910, p. 59 External links{{commons category|Bristol aircraft}}
5 : Biplanes|Single-engined pusher aircraft|British civil aircraft 1910–1919|Bristol Aeroplane Company aircraft|Rotary-engined aircraft |
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