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词条 British Rail Classes 485 and 486
释义

  1. History

  2. Reformation

  3. Withdrawal

  4. Fleet details

  5. Notes

  6. References

     Sources 

  7. Bibliography

  8. Further reading

  9. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2016}}{{Use British English|date=December 2016}}{{Infobox EMU
| name = British Rail Class 485
British Rail Class 486
| image = Shanklinstn.jpg
| imagesize = 300px
| caption = Class 485 no. 485045 at Shanklin railway station, current terminus of the Island Line.
| background = #000f89; color: white;
| manufacturer = Metro Cammell, Union Construction Company, Cammell Laird
| operator = Network SouthEast
| formation = {{ubl|4 cars per trainset (4-VEC)|3 cars per trainset (3-TIS)|MBSO+TSO+DTSO+MBSO (4-VEC)|MBSO+TSO+DTSO (3-TIS)[1]}}
{{ubl|5 cars per trainset (5-VEC from 1985)|2 cars per trainset (2-TIS from 1985)|MBSO+TSO+TSO+DTSO+MBSO (5-VEC from 1985)|MBSO+DTSO (2-TIS from 1985)[2]}}
| diagram = {{ubl|EB261 (DMBS, 485, 486)|EB262 (DMBS, 485)|EE260 (DTS, 485, 486)|EH261 (TS, 485, 486)[3]}}
| service = 1923 on London Underground
1967 - 1992 on Island Line
| family = Tube
| weight = {{ubl|{{convert|94|t|abbr=on}} (4-VEC, set)|{{convert|65|t|abbr=on}} (3-TIS, set)|{{convert|32|t|abbr=on}} (MBSO)|{{convert|19|t|abbr=on}} (TSO)|{{convert|17|t|abbr=on}} (DTSO)[1][4]}}
| capacity = {{ubl|132 seats (4-VEC)|106 seats (3-TIS)}}
| maxspeed = {{convert|45|mph|abbr=on}}[4]
| gauge = {{Track gauge|sg|allk=on}}
| electricsystem = 630 V DC 3rd rail
}}

The British Rail Class 485 (or 4Vec, later 5Vec) and British Rail Class 486 (or 3Tis, later 2Tis) electrical multiple units were originally built for the London Electric Railway from 1923-31 as its 'Standard' tube stock. They were purchased by British Rail in 1967 and transported to the Isle of Wight to work 'mainline' services on the newly electrified Ryde to Shanklin line,[1][5] where they worked for an additional quarter of a century. At the time of their purchase the units had already worked for over 40 years on the London Underground, but their introduction allowed the last steam locomotives on the line to be withdrawn.[5]

History

Six four-car sets and six three-car sets were refurbished by BR's Stewarts Lane depot in 1966-67. The four-car sets were initially classified Class 452 and numbered 041-046, later reclassified Class 485 and numbered 485041-046. Each unit was formed of a driving motor, two intermediate trailers, and a second driving motor. Thus, the formation was DMBSO+TSO+TSO+DMBSO. Some of the intermediate trailers were former driving trailers, with the cabs locked out of use.

The three-car sets were classified Class 451 and numbered 031-036, later reclassified Class 486 and numbered 486031-036. A spare driving motor car was also refurbished, given the unit number 486037. Each of these units were formed of a driving motor, an intermediate trailer, and a driving trailer. Thus, the formation was DMBSO+TSO+DTSO.

When introduced, the units carried all-over BR blue livery. This progressed to standard blue/grey livery in the 1970s, and finally some units received Network SouthEast's blue livery with red and white stripes, following its introduction in 1986.

Electric services on the Isle of Wight commenced on 20 March 1967. In service, the 4Vec units often worked alone, but sometimes in combination with a 3Tis unit, such that a train was formed of seven coaches known as a 7 Vectis.[5] ("Vectis" was the Roman name for the Isle of Wight.[6])

Reformation

In 1985, the Class 485 units were reformed into five 5 car (5Vec) units, and the Class 486 units into two 2 car (2tis) units.[7]

Withdrawal

Due to the proximity to the sea, the units suffered badly from corrosion damage.[8] By the mid-1980s it was clear that they needed to be replaced. The replacements came from the two-car Class 483, which were also rebuilt from former London Underground stock, namely 1938 tube stock.[9] These new units were introduced from 1989. The last 2Tis and 5Vec units were withdrawn from service in 1992.[1]

Upon retirement from Isle of Wight services, no 486 units were saved for preservation. However, several 485 vehicles were sold back to London Underground for eventual restoration as part of an operational 'Standard' stock museum unit.[10] These are listed below:

Type No. From set LT no.
DMBSO 2 485041 3706
DMBSO 7 485044 3209
DTSO 27 485043 5279
TSO 44 485044 7281
TSO 49 485044 7296

During November 2011 the two long-stored DM vehicles 2 and 7 were despatched by LU to Eastleigh depot for component recovery and subsequent breaking up: this is believed to have occurred in December 2011 (although this has not been confirmed). Trailers 27 and 49 are incorporated into the LT museum's Standard stock museum train. Trailer 44 was scrapped in August 2012.

Fleet details

ClassOperatorNo. BuiltYear BuiltCars per SetUnit nos.
Class 485Southern Region {{small|(Island Line)}}
Network SouthEast		61923
refurb. 1966		4, later 5485041–485046
Class 48663, later 2486031-486036
Class 485 (pre-1985)
Unit no.Carriage nos.
DMBSOTSOTSODMBSO
IoWLUIoWLUIoWLUIoWLU
041203308}}27[11]5279}}417286}}133141}}
042223010}}29[11]5293}}427280}}15[12]3253}}
04323706}}31[11]5283}}437275}}193045}}
04443702}}33[11]5291}}447281}}213041}}
04563084}}457293}}487298}}233315}}
04683074}}497296}}467283}}253313}}
Class 486 (pre-1985)
Unit no.Carriage nos.
DMBSOTSODTSO
IoWLUIoWLUIoWLU
03113703}}477279}}265294}}
03233251}}927285}}285304}}
03353185}}937282}}305312}}
03473209}}947287}}325290}}
03593223}}957292}}345302}}
036113705}}967290}}365350}}
Spare103696}} – – – –

Notes

1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.therailwaycentre.com/Recognition%20Tech%20Data%20EMU/EMU_485_486.html|title=Class 485, 486 - 4VEC, 3-TIS|work=The Railway Centre|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717012844/http://www.therailwaycentre.com/Recognition%20Tech%20Data%20EMU/EMU_485_486.html|archivedate=17 July 2012}}
2. ^Southern E-Group - Class 485 and 486
3. ^{{cite book| last = | first = | title = Vehicle Diagram Book No. 210 for Electric Multiple Units (Including A.P.T.) | publisher = British Railways Board | location = Derby | date = 1981 | at = EB261, EB262, EE260, EH261 | work=Barrowmore MRG |url=http://www.barrowmoremrg.co.uk/BRBDocuments/Diagram_Book_210_for_Issue.pdf |isbn = }}
4. ^1 {{harvnb|Fox|1987|p=92}}
5. ^1 2 Class 485 & 486 semgonline.com
6. ^Isle of Wight Nostlgia Site: Island History
7. ^Southern E-Group - Class 485 and 486
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.disusedrailways.co.uk/Southern5.htm|title=Southern Region|work=disusedrailways.co.uk|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220050734/http://www.disusedrailways.co.uk/Southern5.htm|archivedate=20 February 2012}}
9. ^{{cite book|first = Brian|last = Hardy|title = Tube Trains on the Isle of Wight|publisher = Capital Transport|year = 2003|location = Harrow Weald, Middlesex|isbn = 1-85414-276-3}}
10. ^CHTL - Preserved Underground Trains
11. ^1 2 3 TSO vehicles which were originally DTSO with the cab locked out of use.
12. ^The original car 15 ex 3253 was scrapped in 1971 and replaced by ex LT 3273, renumbered to 15 II

References

{{Reflist}}

Sources

  • {{cite book|title=Multiple Unit Pocket Book|series=British Railways Pocket Book No.2|edition=Summer/Autumn 1987|year=1987|first=Peter|last=Fox|publisher=Platform 5 Publishing Ltd.|isbn=0906579740|oclc=613347580|ref=harv}}

Bibliography

  • {{Citation

| last = Robert
| first = Greenaway
| year = 1983
| title = Metropolitan and Underground Rolling Stock for the Isle of Wight
| periodical = Underground
| publication-place = Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire
| publisher = London Underground Railway Society
| issue = 11
| pages = 48
| issn = 0306-8609
}}

Further reading

  • {{cite magazine|title=Isle of Wight birthday bonus|first=David|last=Maxey|magazine=Rail Enthusiast|publisher=EMAP National Publications|date=April 1984|pp=28-31|issn=0262-561X|oclc=49957965}}
  • {{cite magazine|title=Farewell to Classes 485/486|first=John|last=Vaughan|pages=40-45|issue=108|date=2–15 November 1989|magazine=RAIL|publisher=EMAP National Publications|issn=0953-4563|oclc=49953699}}

External links

{{commons category|British Rail Class 485}}{{commons category|British Rail Class 486}}
  • Photographs of Class 485 and 486 units at www.petertandy.co.uk.
  • Photographs of Class 485 and 486 units at www.semgonline.com.
{{Island Line Navbox}}{{British Rail EMU}}

1 : British Rail electric multiple units
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