| 词条 | Britten-Norman |
| 释义 |
}}{{Infobox company |name=Britten-Norman |logo= Britten-Norman logo.svg |logo_size= 200px |type=Privately held company |foundation= 29 July 1954 |key_people=William Hynett OBE John Britten Desmond Norman |location= Bembridge, Isle of Wight |slogan= |products= |num_employees= |owner=Alstom |homepage=http://www.britten-norman.com/ }} Britten-Norman (BN) is a British aircraft manufacturer and aviation services provider beneficially owned by a consortium which includes two members of the Zawawi family from the Sultanate of Oman.{{citation needed|date=February 2018}} The company is the sole independent commercial aircraft producer in the UK. Britten-Norman has sold more than 1,250 aircraft to customers in more than 120 countries. In addition to aircraft manufacturing, the company also performs maintenance, overhaul and repair work as well as performing sub-contract engineering and design work. The company's historic home is located at Bembridge on the Isle of Wight although airframes have been assembled under subcontract in Romania for more than 40 years. Romanian[1] aircraft used to pass through Avions Fairey in Belgium to the UK for certification.[2] Nowadays aircraft are manufactured in the UK at the company's Lee-on-the-Solent manufacturing facility at Daedalus Airfield, a former Royal Naval Air Station. Spare parts production continues at the Bembridge site with sub assemblies also being supplied from the Romanian facility. The company manufactures such aircraft as the Islander and the militarised Defender both of which are capable of short take-off and landing (STOL) operations. The three-engined Trislander is still operating but is not currently being manufactured. The aircraft are typically used for inter-island schedules. Many modern Islanders/Defenders have been fitted with turbine rather than piston engines. Some are employed on police or fishery patrol tasks, providing an efficient and roomy alternative to a twin-engined helicopter. Hampshire Constabulary that oversees matters on the Isle of Wight and across Hampshire was one of two police forces using Defender aircraft. In the UK the Greater Manchester Police (GMP) and Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) use the Defender 4000, and the aircraft is also used by the police in the Republic of Ireland, the Garda Síochána. The British Army utilises both the turbine version of the Islander as well as the Defender within its fixed-wing aircraft fleet. HistoryJohn Britten and Desmond Norman started developing crop-spraying equipment in the middle 1950s and used de Havilland Tiger Moths (modified at their factory near Ventnor, Isle of Wight) for a contract in Sudan. After that, Britten and Norman (who had both trained with De Havilland) turned their hand to aircraft design. Their first design was the Britten-Norman BN-1 Finibee, a light single-seater parasol wing aircraft. They pitched the design to several aircraft companies but found no one willing to produce the design. Britten and Norman made a detailed analysis of the aviation market and decided there was a demand for a twin-engined utility aircraft with the minimum of complex systems that could operate from short, rough airstrips and also be used for high-density commuter flights. This brief developed into the BN-2 Islander, and the Britten-Norman company was formed to produce the aircraft, which first flew in 1965. During the 1960s, Britten-Norman were involved in the development of hovercraft via their subsidiary Cushioncraft Ltd; their first craft, the CC1, was the world's second hovercraft. Desmond Norman then designed a four-seater touring aircraft to compete with established types such as the Cessna 172 and Piper Cherokee. A single prototype of the BN-3 'Nymph' was built and flown in 1969, but failed to attract significant orders. Norman set up his own company to build the plane, renamed the 'Freelance' and produced components and fuselage sections for six aircraft. However, orders were still not forthcoming and, following failure to win a military order for the 'Firecracker' design, Norman's company closed. After Norman's death in 2002, his son has overseen the completion of one of the Freelances to airworthy condition, and plans to assemble and sell the other five, with the possibility of full-scale production. Following the failure of the 'Nymph', Britten-Norman continued to develop and improve the Islander design, which was enjoying great success. This culminated in 1970 with the Trislander, a trimotor version with greater range and capacity. In 1975 Britten-Norman won the Queen's Award to Industry for technological innovation for the Trislander. Ownership of the company has passed through a number of hands. The Fairey Aviation group acquired Britten-Norman in 1972. Following financial troubles it was sold to Oerlikon-Bührle (owner of Pilatus Aircraft of Switzerland in 1978,[3] hence the Pilatus Britten-Norman designation of some of their aircraft). Oerlikon-Bührle sold Britten-Norman to Litchfield Continental in 1998. On 19 October 1998, Biofarm Inc. (BIOF) announced its acquisition of 100% of the capital stock of Britten-Norman Limited (BN) from Litchfield Continental Limited. B-N Group was formed in 2000 to acquire the assets of Britten-Norman Limited. AircraftIslander Series
Prototypes
See also
Notes and references1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.romaero.com/index.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2009-05-06 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090527234450/http://www.romaero.com/index.html |archivedate=27 May 2009 |df=dmy }} 2. ^Avions Fairey Gosselies. Baha.be. Retrieved on 17 August 2011. 3. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20070214030358/http://www.britishaircraft.co.uk/companypage.php?ID=36 Britten-Norman]. British Aircraft Directory. Retrieved on 1 July 2017. External links{{commons category|Britten-Norman}}
4 : Aircraft manufacturers of the United Kingdom|British brands|Manufacturing companies established in 1954|1954 establishments in England |
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