词条 | Bronxville, New York | ||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
| official_name = Bronxville, New York | settlement_type = Village | image_skyline = | imagesize = image_caption = | image_flag = | image_seal = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = Westchester County New York incorporated and unincorporated areas Bronxville highlighted.svg | map_caption = Location of Bronxville, New York | coordinates = {{coord|40|56|24|N|73|49|34|W|region:US-NY|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|United States}} | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_type2 = County | subdivision_type3 = Town | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|New York}} | subdivision_name2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Westchester County, New York.png}} Westchester | subdivision_name3 = Eastchester | established_title = Settled | established_date = Early 18th century | established_title1 = Incorporated | established_date1 = 1898 | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Mary C. Marvin (R)[1] | unit_pref = Imperial | area_footnotes = | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = 2.5 | area_total_sq_mi = 1.0 | area_land_km2 = 2.5 | area_land_sq_mi = 1.0 | area_water_km2 = 0.0 | area_water_sq_mi = 0.0 | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 28 | elevation_ft = 92 | population_total = 6323 | population_as_of = 2010 | population_footnotes = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_sq_mi = auto | population_est = 6407 | pop_est_as_of = 2016 | pop_est_footnotes = [2] | postal_code_type = ZIP Code | postal_code = 10708 | area_code = 914 | website = {{URL | villageofbronxville.com}} | footnotes = | timezone = Eastern (EST) | utc_offset = −5 | timezone_DST = EDT | utc_offset_DST = −4 | blank_name = FIPS code | blank_info = 36-08532 | blank1_name = GNIS feature ID | blank1_info = 0944824 }} Bronxville is a village in Westchester County, New York, located about {{convert|15|mi|km}} north of midtown Manhattan.[2] It is part of the town of Eastchester. The village comprises 1 square mile (2.5 km2) of land in its entirety, approximately 20% of the town of Eastchester. As of the 2010 U.S. census, Bronxville had a population of 6,323.[3] In 2016, Bronxville was rated by CNBC as the most expensive suburb of any of America's ten largest cities, with a median home value of $2.33 million.[4] It was ranked eighth in Bloomberg's "America's 100 Richest Places" in 2017 and 2018. HistoryThe region that includes the contemporary village of Bronxville was deeded to British colonists in 1666. However, it was not until the early 18th century that the area was first settled. The two founding inhabitants were the Underhill and Morgan families. The Underhills built a sawmill and a gristmill, which was the first factory in the area, on the Bronx River. There, they also constructed a wooden bridge, which gave rise to the area being known as "Underhill's Crossing".[5] Millionaire real-estate and pharmaceutical mogul William Van Duzer Lawrence sparked the development of Bronxville as an affluent suburb of New York City with magnificent homes in a rustic setting.[6] The area, once known as Underhill's Crossing, became "Bronxville" when the village was formally established. The population grew in the second half of the 19th century, when railroads allowed commuters from Westchester County to work in New York City.[6] Lawrence's influence can be seen throughout the community, including the historic Lawrence Park neighborhood, the Houlihan Lawrence Real Estate Corporation, and Lawrence Hospital. John F. Kennedy, the President of the United States, also resided here for a time.[7] The village was home to an arts colony in the early 20th century, when many noteworthy houses were built by prominent and casual architects.[8] After the Bronx River Parkway was completed in 1925, the village expanded rapidly with the construction of several apartment buildings and townhouses, many of them built by the Lawrence family. As of 1959, the family continued to own or manage 97% of the rental market.[9] In both rentals and ownership, the village discouraged and effectively prohibited Jewish residency, earning the name "Holy Square Mile".[9] James W. Loewen includes it in his book Sundown Towns, quoting the Anti-Defamation League's 1959 comment: The Incorporated Village of Bronxville in Westchester County has earned a reputation for admitting to its precincts as home-owners or -renters only those who profess to be Christian. According to informed observers, this mile-square village, with a population of 6500, does not have any known Jewish families residing within its boundaries.… Even in the apartment buildings located in Bronxville there are no known Jewish tenants.[10] The Gramatan Hotel on Sunset Hill was a residence hotel in the late 19th century and early 20th century.[11] Gramatan was the name of the chief of the local Siwanoy Indian tribe that was centered in the Gramatan Rock area above Bronxville Station. Chief Gramatan sold the land to the settlers. The hotel was demolished in 1970, and a complex of townhouses was built on the site in 1980.[11] Elizabeth Clift Bacon, General George Armstrong Custer's widow, lived in Bronxville, and her house still stands to this day.[12][13] St. Joseph's Catholic Church, located in the downtown area, was attended by the Kennedys when they were residents from 1929 to about 1938 before moving to London.[14] In 1958 future-senator Ted Kennedy married Joan Bennett in St. Joseph's Church. In 1960, the Village voted 5:1 for Nixon over Kennedy.[15]The US Post Office–Bronxville was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. Other sites on the National Register are the Bronxville Women's Club, Lawrence Park Historic District, and Masterton-Dusenberry House.[16] Demographics{{US Census population|1880= 395 |1900= 579 |1910= 1863 |1920= 3055 |1930= 6387 |1940= 6888 |1950= 6778 |1960= 6744 |1970= 6674 |1980= 6267 |1990= 6028 |2000= 6543 |2010= 6323 |estyear=2016 |estimate=6407 |estref=[17] |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[18] }} As of the 2000 census,[19] there were 6,543 people, 2,312 households and 1,660 families residing in the village. The population density was 6,869.3 per square mile (2,659.2/km2). There were 2,387 housing units, at an average density of 2,506.0 per square mile (970.1/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 91.88% White, 1.15% African American, 0.05% Native American, 4.83% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.73% from other races, and 1.30% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latinos of any race were 2.93% of the population. There were 2,312 households, of which 40.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.4% were married couples living together, 6.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.2% were non-families. In the village, 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71, and the average family size was 3.27. Age distribution was 29.1% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 25.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.2% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.1 males. The median household income was $203,931, the average household income was $334,848, and the median family income was $256,883—making it one of the wealthiest and most affluent places with more than 1,000 households, or a population greater than 1,000, in the United States. Median income is currently ranked 16th highest in the country. Males had a median income of $100,000, versus $61,184 for females. The per capita income for the village was $116,018. About 1.7% of families and 2.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.6% of those under age 18 and 2.9% of those age 65 or over. In 2016, Forbes named it one of the ten most expensive suburbs of America's major cities. Postal codeBronxville's 10708 ZIP Code covers the village of Bronxville proper, plus Chester Heights and other sections of Eastchester, parts of Tuckahoe, and Lawrence Park West, Cedar Knolls, Armour Villa, and other sections of Yonkers.[20] This brings the ZIP code's population to 22,411 (2000 census), covering an area more than twice as large as the municipality of Bronxville itself and encompassing several notable institutions, such as Sarah Lawrence College in Yonkers.[21] In fact, there are more residents of Yonkers using a Bronxville mailing address than living in the village itself.[22] The Bronxville Post Office serves residents of the village. EducationBronxville is home to Concordia College, a liberal arts college operated by the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod. Adjacent to the Concordia College campus is the Chapel School—a pre-K-8 school affiliated with the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod. The Bronxville Public School is known as The Bronxville School.{{Citation needed|date=January 2009}} The school was started as a progressive educational institution in the 1920s. St. Joseph School opened on September 10, 1951 adjacent to the church at 30 Meadow Avenue and was staffed by the Congregation of the Most Holy Rosary (Adrian Dominican Sisters), while operated by the parish. Francis Cardinal Spellman dedicated the school on October 7 of that year. Msgr. Patrick Sheridan oversaw the start of construction in 1985 of the parish center, which included a gymnasium and additional space for teaching and offices, with the dedication by John Cardinal O'Connor occurring on September 27, 1986. St. Joseph School consists of an upper and lower school of grades kindergarten through eight. It was presented with a National Blue Ribbon Award by the U.S. Department of Education in 2010. The school's facilities are used also for the CCD religious education program for students who attend secular schools. St. Joseph School has an active Mothers' Club and Men's Club. Many students who graduate go on to attend local Catholic high schools in Westchester County and Manhattan. As of 2015, 239 students attended the school. Parks and recreationThe Village of Bronxville has more than {{convert|70|acre|m2}} of parkland including athletic fields, woodlands, and a very small part of the Bronx River Parkway Reservation. The Reservation, Westchester’s oldest park, was created as an adjunct to the Bronx River Parkway that opened in 1925, and was the first linear park in the United States. The Reservation features ponds, wooden footbridges and hundreds of varieties of native trees and shrubs. The park is owned by Westchester County, and it is a favorite place for bicycling, walking, running, and nature study. It is sometimes referred to by locals as "The Duck Pond." The Bronxville School's athletic fields contain a football field, three smaller fields used for various sports like field hockey and lacrosse, and a running track (which is only 380 meters in Lane 1 because of space issues). Bacon Woodlands, located on Kensington Road, is a natural rock outcropping which has been left in its natural state, the flatter portion of which is used as an informal play area by children. Scout Field, a Westchester County Park which is located predominantly in Yonkers and Mount Vernon but is controlled by Bronxville, is heavily utilized by the Bronxville schools' soccer, football, baseball and cross-country running programs.[23] In 2006, Chambers Field was replaced with turf, which was funded by the community and parents of athletes in Bronxville. From April to June and September to October, a {{convert|7|mi|adj=on}} stretch of the Bronx River Parkway (no part of the roadway of which is in Bronxville) from Scarsdale Road in Yonkers (north of Bronxville) to White Plains closes to automobile traffic each Sunday (except on holiday weekends) between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. During those times, the Westchester County Parks Department runs "Bicycle Sundays" along this stretch of the parkway.[24] Notable people{{clear}}{{div col|colwidth=30em|small=no|rules=yes}}
In popular culture
Image gallerySee also{{Portal|Hudson Valley|New York}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.smartvoter.org/2007/03/20/ny/wst/race/003/|title=Mayor; Village of Bronxville Election Information March 20, 2007 Election|work=smartvoter.org}} 2. ^Bronxville, NY to Manhattan, NY. Retrieved 2010-03-20 3. ^{{Cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Bronxville village, Westchester County, New York |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder |accessdate=November 16, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/ |archivedate=September 11, 2013 |df= }} 4. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/08/the-most-expensive-suburbs-in-americas-10-biggest-cities.html}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.villageofbronxville.com/sites/bronxvilleny/files/file/file/photohistoryofbronxville_printablepdf.pdf|title=Photo History of Bronxville|last=|first=|date=|website=Village of Bronxville|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303110653/http://www.villageofbronxville.com/sites/bronxvilleny/files/file/file/photohistoryofbronxville_printablepdf.pdf|archive-date=March 3, 2018|dead-url=no|access-date=August 8, 2018}} 6. ^1 {{cite book|title=Building A Suburban Village|author=Eloise L. Morgan|author2=Mary Means Muber|year=1998|isbn=0-9664360-0-8|pages=12–16}} 7. ^Morgan pp. 312-315 8. ^Morgan pp. 29-30 9. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://www.commentarymagazine.com/articles/gentlemens-agreement-in-bronxvillethe-holy-square-mile/|title=Gentlemen’s Agreement in Bronxville:The "Holy Square Mile"|date=February 1, 1959|accessdate=May 18, 2016|work=Commentary|author=Harry Gersh}} 10. ^{{cite book|page=126|year=2005|title=Sundown Towns|publisher=The New Press|isbn=156584887X}} 11. ^1 Morgan pp. 60-64 12. ^{{cite web|title=Elizabeth Custer|url=http://www.westchesterhistory.com/index.php/exhibits/people?display=custer|website=www.westchesterhistory.com/|accessdate=29 October 2014}} 13. ^Morgan pp. 26-33 14. ^{{cite book|title=Around Bronxville|first=Marilynn |last=Wood Hill|page=98-100|year=1999|isbn=978-0752408163|publisher=Arcadia Pub}} 15. ^Morgan p. 316 16. ^{{NRISref|2009a}} 17. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|archivedate=May 12, 2015|df=}} 19. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=American FactFinder |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/ |archivedate=2013-09-11 |df= }} 20. ^{{cite web|title=10708 Zip Code|url=http://www.usa.com/10708-ny.htm|website=usa.com|accessdate=29 October 2014}} 21. ^{{cite web|title=10708 Zip Code Detailed Profile|url=http://www.city-data.com/zips/10708.html|website=www.city-data.com/|accessdate=29 October 2014}} 22. ^{{cite web|last1=GROSS|first1=JANE|title=COUNTY LINES; The Lure of a Bronxville Address|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/05/28/nyregion/county-lines-the-lure-of-a-bronxville-address.html|website=nytimes.com|accessdate=29 October 2014}} 23. ^Village of Bronxville website {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111030818/http://www.villageofbronxville.com/sube2_history13.htm |date=November 11, 2012 }} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nycroads.com/roads/bronx-river|title=Bronx River Parkway|work=nycroads.com}} 25. ^{{cite book| last1=Harris| first1=Scott| last2=Redding| first2=Stan| title=Catch Me If You Can| location=New York| url=https://books.google.com/?id=5rqO-Hes4vYC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Frank+W.+Abagnale+Catch+Me+If+You+Can#v=onepage&q&f=false| publisher=Random House, Inc| year=2008| page=6| isbn=0-7679-0538-5| accessdate=December 20, 2014}} 26. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 {{cite web|url=http://www.villageofbronxville.com/sube2_history17.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723142126/http://www.villageofbronxville.com/sube2_history17.htm|title=History - The Village of Bronxville|archivedate=23 July 2013|work=villageofbronxville.com}} 27. ^Martin, Douglas. [https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/16/us/16bacon.html "K. H. Bacon, an Advocate For Refugees, Is Dead at 64"], The New York Times, August 15, 2009. Accessed August 16, 2009. 28. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/22/us/denison-kitchel-94-chief-of-goldwater-campaign.html|title=Denison Kitchel, 94, Chief of Goldwater Campaign, October 20, 2002|publisher=The New York Times|accessdate=June 2, 2013}} 29. ^Elizabeth Haas Edersheim, [https://books.google.com/books?id=0IgM9Xm3Q-4C&dq McKinsey's Marvin Bower], at books.google.com 30. ^Grimes, William. [https://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/18/arts/design/18buechner.html "Thomas S. Buechner, Former Director of Brooklyn Museum, Dies at 83"], The New York Times, June 17, 2010. Accessed June 19, 2010. 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.perival.com/delillo/ddawards.html|title=DeLillo's Awards|work=perival.com}} 32. ^{{cite news |author= |title=John Hoyt Is Dead; Actor, 86, Played In Films and on TV |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/21/arts/john-hoyt-is-dead-actor-86-played-in-films-and-on-tv.html |work=The New York Times |location=New York, USA |date=September 21, 1991 |access-date=December 30, 2017 }} 33. ^JFK Presidential Library 34. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=28jiMnfuWvMC Here at the New Yorker], Brendan Gill 35. ^How Starbucks Saved My Life, Michael Gates Grill 36. ^{{cite web|url=http://broncos.scout.com/2/555292.html|title=Denver Broncos NFL Football Front Page|work=scout.com|access-date=2009-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061106213501/http://broncos.scout.com/2/555292.html#|archive-date=2006-11-06|dead-url=yes|df=}} 37. ^After Appotamattox, Time Magazine, February 22, 1960 38. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.myhometownbronxville.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=922:mark-patterson-chairman-of-matlin-patterson-global-advisers-to-speak-at-concordia-business-breakfast-october-6&catid=107:financial-and-legal-services&Itemid=33|title=Mark Patterson, Chairman of Matlin Patterson Global Advisers, to Speak at Concordia Business Breakfast October 6|work=myhometownbronxville.com}} 39. ^Bell Labs biography {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509141027/http://www1.bell-labs.com/history/unix/ritchiebio.html# |date=2008-05-09 }} 40. ^Keill, Liz. "Berkeley Heights man wins Japan Prize for inventing UNIX operating system", Independent Press, February 1, 2011. Accessed October 17, 2011. "Ritchie, 69, has lived in Berkeley Heights for 15 years. He was born in Bronxville, NY, grew up in Summit and attended Summit High School before going to Harvard University." 41. ^Shea, Kevin. [https://www.nj.com/mercer/index.ssf/2018/08/bill_schluter_former_state_senator_who_ran_for_governor_dies_at_90.html "Bill Schluter, former state senator who ran for governor, dies at 90"], NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, August 6, 2018. Accessed August 7, 2018. "Born in Bronxville, New York and raised in Princeton, Schluter graduated from Princeton University in 1950, where he played varsity hockey all four years.." 42. ^{{cite web|title=Caroline Mitchell Fitzgibbons|url=http://olshan.com/agentbio.php?ag=31|website=Olshan|accessdate=24 March 2015}} 43. ^{{cite news|author=David Kaplan |title=Sulcer, 77, Former DDB Needham Exec, Dies |publisher=all Business |quote=NEW YORK Frederick D. "Sandy" Sulcer, a former executive at DDB Needham Worldwide, ... created the well-known "Put a tiger in your tank" theme line for Esso (now ExxonMobil) ... |date=January 2004 |url=http://www.allbusiness.com/marketing-advertising/4134172-1.html |accessdate=2011-10-03 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090825175431/http://www.allbusiness.com/marketing-advertising/4134172-1.html |archivedate=August 25, 2009 }} 44. ^{{cite news |author= MICHAEL STRAUSS |title= Andover Triumphs; Lewis Scores Two |publisher= The New York Times |quote= ... For Sandy Sulcer of Bronxville, NY ... |date= November 11, 1973 |url= http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F70914FF3E5D127A93C3A8178AD95F478785F9 |accessdate= 2011-10-03}} 45. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0842442/|title=Ruth Ann Swenson|work=IMDb}} 46. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ieee.org/web/aboutus/history_center/biography/torchio.html|title=IEEE|work=ieee.org}} 47. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120686/locations|title=Stepmom (1998)|work=IMDb}} 48. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0128442/locations|title=Rounders (1998)|work=IMDb}} External links{{Commons category|Bronxville, New York}}
4 : Bronxville, New York|Villages in New York (state)|Villages in Westchester County, New York|Sundown towns in the United States |
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