| 词条 | Casimir Davaine |
| 释义 |
|name = Casimir Davaine |image = Casimir Davaine.jpg |image_size =150px |caption = Casimir Davaine |birth_date = 19 March 1812 |birth_place = |death_date = {{death-date and age|14 October 1882|19 March 1812}} |death_place = |residence = |citizenship = |nationality = French |ethnicity = |field = Microbiology |work_institutions = |alma_mater = |doctoral_advisor = |doctoral_students = |known_for = Bacillus anthracis |author_abbrev_bot = |author_abbrev_zoo = |influences = |influenced = |prizes = |religion = |footnotes = |signature = }}Casimir Davaine (19 March 1812 – 14 October 1882) was a French physician known for his work in the field of microbiology. He was a native of Saint-Amand-les-Eaux, department of Nord. In 1850, Davaine along with French pathologist Pierre François Olive Rayer, discovered a certain microorganism in the blood of diseased and dying sheep.[1][2] In the diseased blood, Rayer and Davaine observed the bacillus that is known today as Bacillus anthracis, the causative bacterium of anthrax. Soon afterwards, Rayer published a description of the bacillus in a paper titled, Inoculation du sang de rate (1850).[3][4] In 1863 Davaine demonstrated that the bacillus could be directly transmitted from one animal to another. He was able to identify the causative organism, but was unaware of its true etiology.[5][6] Later on, German microbiologist Robert Koch investigated the etiology of Bacillus anthracis, and discovered its ability to produce "resting spores" that could stay alive in the soil for a long period of time to serve as a future source of infection.[7] Casimir Davaine is also credited for pioneer work in the study of septicemia (blood poisoning).[8] References
|last=Théodoridès |first=J |authorlink= |year=1994 |month= |title=[Former observations of urinary bilharziasis and wuchereriosis] |journal=Bulletin de la Société de pathologie exotique |volume=87 |issue=3 |pages=191–3 | publisher = | location = | issn = | pmid = 7827524 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =
|last=Rocchietta |first=S |authorlink= |date=January 1970 |title=[Casimir Joseph Davaine (1812-1882), pioneer of medical microbiology |journal=Minerva Med. |volume=61 |issue=6 |pages=XI | publisher = | location = | issn = | pmid = 4904892 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = |title-link=microbiology }}
|last=Théodoridès |first=J |authorlink= |date=April 1966 |title=Casimir Davaine (1812-1882): a precursor of Pasteur |journal=Medical History |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=155–65 | publisher = | location = | issn = | pmid = 5325873 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | language = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = |pmc=1033586 | doi=10.1017/S0025727300010942
|last=LAGRANGE |first=E |authorlink= |date=February 1955 |title=[Casimir Davaine, pioneer in two fields.] |journal=La Presse Médicale |volume=63 |issue=12 |pages=234–5 | publisher = | location = | issn = | pmid = 14371473 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = 1. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Pierre François | first1 = Olive Rayer | year = 1850 | title = Inoculation du sang de rate | url = | journal = Comptes Rendus des Séances et Mémoires de la Société de Biologie | volume = 2 | issue = | pages = 141–144 }} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Davaine, Casimir}}2. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=O32ru6K9nCIC&pg=PA93&lpg=PA93&dq=%22Pollender%22++Davaine&source=bl&ots=XBJ6LGddKl&sig=5V8wjqoFsccT5QR70uDAjU9SeuU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjh_J6Y773QAhVphlQKHcmrAo4Q6AEIHzAB#v=onepage&q=%22Pollender%22%20%20Davaine&f=false Anthrax: A History, by Richard M. Swiderski] In 1849 German physician Aloys Pollender (1799–1879) noticed the organism in the blood of five dead cows, however, he didn't publish an account of his findings until 1855. 3. ^Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch - bibliography Who Named It 4. ^Biography of Pierre-François-Olive Rayer at Who Named It 5. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=vqTNfnKJVPAC&pg=PA174&lpg=PA174&dq=%22Davaine,+Casimir%22+1812+St.-Amand-les-Eaux&source=bl&ots=f6Fz0CpHi9&sig=98Bl1Ony6vuqIf__Ir1swEMOqRk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjM9N7Ixr3QAhXj7IMKHeGbC9sQ6AEIOTAF#v=onepage&q=%22Davaine%2C%20Casimir%22%201812%20St.-Amand-les-Eaux&f=false Biographical Encyclopedia of Scientists, Third Edition] edited by John Daintith 6. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=orjaA_7sYZQC&pg=PA174&lpg=PA174&dq=Rayer++%22+Bacillus+anthracis%22&source=bl&ots=RtW68Q5TwW&sig=wjEv9ABUmfQ8Jz4ZqEHD32Am-Sg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi3rr_0uL3QAhXIyoMKHRCDC9w4ChDoAQgfMAI#v=onepage&q=Rayer%20%20%22%20Bacillus%20anthracis%22&f=false Vaccination: A History] by H. Bazin 7. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=KpxKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT307&lpg=PT307&dq=%22Casimir+Davaine%22+1812&source=bl&ots=RK9yBDDVws&sig=0rm9o6DUOmH73NYJXqP5r68DWKQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiIyOT9tr3QAhUi64MKHTYUCt04ChDoAQgoMAM#v=onepage&q=%22Casimir%20Davaine%22%201812&f=false Tapeworms, Lice, and Prions: A compendium of unpleasant infections] by David Grove 8. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=nsQNAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA93&lpg=PA93&dq=Davaine+%22septicemia%22&source=bl&ots=zVlyTsKT5s&sig=Gi1GdKE924mXLt-oOdavP8NHNjg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjsiP3Uub3QAhXHy4MKHdSgDNwQ6AEIGjAA#v=onepage&q=Davaine%20%22septicemia%22&f=false Micro-organisms and Disease: An Introduction Into the Study of Specific ...] by Edward Klein 7 : 1812 births|1882 deaths|People from Saint-Amand-les-Eaux|19th-century French physicians|French microbiologists|Deaths from sepsis|Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery |
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