| 词条 | Budesonide/formoterol |
| 释义 |
| verifiedrevid = 448962189 | image = Budesonide and formoterol.svg | type = combo | component1 = Budesonide | class1 = Glucocorticoid | component2 = Formoterol | class2 = Long-acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist | tradename = | pregnancy_AU = | pregnancy_US = C | pregnancy_category = | licence_EU = yes | legal_AU = S4 | legal_CA = | legal_UK = | legal_US = Rx-only | legal_status = | routes_of_administration = Inhaled[1] | CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CAS_number = | ATC_prefix = R03 | ATC_suffix = AK07 | PubChem = | DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} | DrugBank = |drug_name=|alt=|caption=|MedlinePlus=|licence_US=}}Budesonide/formoterol, sold under the brand name Symbicort among others, is a combination medication used in the management of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).[1] It contains budesonide, a steroid and formoterol, a long-acting β2-agonist (LABA).[1] It is not recommended for sudden worsening or treatment of active bronchospasm.[1] It is used by breathing in the medication.[1] Common side effects include throat pain, influenza, runny nose, and a yeast infection of the mouth.[1] There were concerns that the LABA component increases the risk of death in children with asthma, however these concerns were removed in 2017.[2] Therefore, this combination is only recommended in those who are not controlled on an inhaled steroid alone.[1] It is unclear if use of the combination is safe in pregnancy.[1] Both formoterol and budesonide are excreted in breast-milk.[3][4] Budesonide/formoterol was approved for medical use in the United States in 2006.[1] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system.[5] In the United States, as of 2017, the wholesale cost of an inhaler is about 30 USD.[6] In the United Kingdom the cost as of 2015 was about 35 pounds for a unit with 120 doses.[7] In 2016 it was the 77th most prescribed medication in the United States with more than 10 million prescriptions.[8] Medical usesBudesonide/formoterol is a combination inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting beta agonist (ICS/LABA) that has shown some efficacy to prevent asthma attacks.[9] In people with asthma, budesonide/formoterol formulation for both maintenance and as-needed treatment reduces exacerbations better than as-needed formoterol or as-needed terbutaline. Nevertheless, it is unclear as to whether this strategy is better than increasing a maintenance dose of Symbicort or similar combined inhaler.[10] The combination is approved in the United States only as a maintenance medication in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD). DosesSymbicort in the United States is a metered-dose inhaler and is available in 160/4.5mcg and 80/4.5mcg per actuation. In the European Union, Australia, Canada, Israel, Saudi Arabia and elsewhere the combination is available as a dry powder inhaler in the following doses: 50/3 (40/2.25), 100/3 (80/2.25), 100/6 (80/4.5), 200/6 (160/4.5) and 400/12 (320/9), where the larger number is the dose per actuation of budesonide (in micrograms) and the lower number the dose of formoterol (also in micrograms). Side effectsCommon (up to 1 in 10 people)
Often mild, and usually disappear as the medication continues to be used:
Uncommon (up to 1 in 100 people)
Rare (up to 1 in 1,000 people)
Very rare (up to 1 in 10,000 people)
OtherWith high doses for a long period of time.
Allergic reaction
MarketBudesonide/formoterol formulation was introduced in Sweden in 2000. It was approved for use in the United States in July 2006.[12] It is now approved for use in at least 70 countries, yielding global sales in excess of $1 billion in 2005, and now approximately $3.7 billion per annum. There are several patents related to the drug; some of them are already expired.[13] It was initially marketed by AstraZeneca. References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web|title=Symbicort - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses|url=https://www.drugs.com/pro/symbicort.html|website=Drugs.com|accessdate=13 December 2017|date=September 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Safety Alerts for Human Medical Products - Long-Acting Beta agonists (LABAs) and Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS): Drug Safety Communication - Boxed Warning About Asthma-Related Death Removed|url=https://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/SafetyAlertsforHumanMedicalProducts/ucm590001.htm|website=FDA|accessdate=23 December 2017|language=en}} 3. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/budesonide.html|title=Budesonide Use During Pregnancy {{!}} Drugs.com|work=Drugs.com|access-date=2018-08-09|language=en-US}} 4. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/formoterol.html|title=Formoterol Use During Pregnancy {{!}} Drugs.com|work=Drugs.com|access-date=2018-08-09|language=en-US}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (20th List)|url=http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/20th_EML2017.pdf?ua=1|work=World Health Organization|accessdate=29 June 2017|date=March 2017}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=NADAC as of 2017-12-13|url=https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2017-12-13/iqwu-vhmf|website=Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services|accessdate=13 December 2017|language=en}} 7. ^{{cite book|title=British national formulary : BNF 69|date=2015|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=9780857111562|page=202|edition=69}} 8. ^{{cite web |title=The Top 300 of 2019 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |website=clincalc.com |accessdate=22 December 2018}} 9. ^{{cite journal | last = Vogelmeier | first = C |author2=D'Urzo A |author3=Pauwels R |author4=Merino JM |author5=Jaspal M |author6=Boutet S |author7=Naya I |author8=Price D |date=November 2005 | title = Budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy: an effective asthma treatment option? | journal = European Respiratory Journal | volume = 26 | issue = 5 | pages = 819–828 | pmid = 16264042 | doi = 10.1183/09031936.05.00028305 }} 10. ^Klaus F. Rabe et al., Effect of budesonide in combination with formoterol for reliever therapy in asthma exacerbations: a randomised controlled, double-blind study, The Lancet,2006,368, 744-753 11. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.hpra.ie/img/uploaded/swedocuments/2164676.PPA1463_051_001.43ee9e2e-b98a-4451-891a-77d7c0b9f5be.000001Product%20Leaflet%20Approved%20(IP).150727.pdf|title=PACKAGE LEAFLET:INFORMATION FOR THE USER Symbicort® Turbohaler® 200 micrograms/6 micrograms/inhalation, inhalation powder budesonide, formoterol fumarate dihydrate|last=|first=|date=July 2015|website=hpra.ie - Health Products Regulatory Authority (Irish state agency)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809190546/https://www.hpra.ie/img/uploaded/swedocuments/2164676.PPA1463_051_001.43ee9e2e-b98a-4451-891a-77d7c0b9f5be.000001Product%20Leaflet%20Approved%20(IP).150727.pdf|archive-date=9 August 2018|dead-url=no|access-date=}} 12. ^{{cite news | first = Gary | last = Haber | title = AstraZeneca banking on asthma inhaler | url = http://www.delawareonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20061119/BUSINESS/611190331/1003/NLETTER01 | publisher = Delaware News-Journal (delawareonline) | date = 2006-11-19}} 13. ^https://www.drugs.com/availability/generic-symbicort.html External links
4 : Respiratory agents|Combination drugs|World Health Organization essential medicines|RTT |
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